1. What is the primary function of carbohydrates in living organisms?

 Answer: a (Energy storage)

 Explanation: Carbohydrates primarily serve as a source of energy in living
organisms. They can be broken down during metabolic processes to provide the
energy needed for various cellular activities.
2. Which of the following is a monosaccharide?
 Answer: c (Glucose)
 Explanation: Glucose is a monosaccharide, consisting of a single sugar unit. It is
a simple sugar and a fundamental source of energy in living organisms.
3. What type of bond links monosaccharides in a disaccharide?
 Answer: b (Glycosidic bond)
 Explanation: Monosaccharides are linked together in disaccharides by glycosidic
bonds. These covalent bonds form between the sugar units, releasing a water
molecule in the process.
4. Which disaccharide is composed of glucose and fructose?
 Answer: a (Sucrose)
 Explanation: Sucrose is a disaccharide composed of glucose and fructose. It is
commonly known as table sugar.
5. What polysaccharide serves as the primary storage form of glucose in animals?
 Answer: c (Glycogen)
 Explanation: Glycogen is the primary storage form of glucose in animals,
primarily stored in the liver and muscles to provide a readily available source of
energy.
6. Cellulose is a polysaccharide found in:
 Answer: b (Plant cell walls)
 Explanation: Cellulose is a polysaccharide found in the cell walls of plants,
providing structural support and rigidity to plant cells.
7. Which of the following is not a function of carbohydrates in the body?
 Answer: d (Transmitting genetic information)
 Explanation: Carbohydrates do not play a role in transmitting genetic
information. This function is primarily carried out by nucleic acids (DNA and
RNA).
8. What is the chemical formula for glucose?
 Answer: b (C6H12O6)
 Explanation: Glucose has the chemical formula C6H12O6, indicating its
composition of six carbon atoms, twelve hydrogen atoms, and six oxygen atoms.
9. Which carbohydrate is commonly known as table sugar?
 Answer: b (Sucrose)
  Explanation: Sucrose, composed of glucose and fructose, is commonly known as
table sugar and is widely used as a sweetener.
10. What is the primary function of glycogen in the body?
 Answer: b (Energy storage)
 Explanation: Glycogen primarily serves as a storage form of energy in the body,
particularly in the liver and muscles, where it can be rapidly converted back into
glucose for energy production.

11. Which carbohydrate cannot be digested by most animals due to its complex structure?
 Answer: c (Cellulose)
 Explanation: Cellulose cannot be digested by most animals due to its complex
structure and the lack of enzymes capable of breaking its beta-linked glucose
bonds. It serves as a structural component in plant cell walls and provides dietary
fiber.
12. What type of carbohydrate is found in the exoskeletons of arthropods and the cell walls
of fungi?
 Answer: b (Chitin)
 Explanation: Chitin is the carbohydrate found in the exoskeletons of arthropods
(such as insects) and the cell walls of fungi. It provides structural support and
rigidity.
13. Which of the following is an example of an oligosaccharide?
 Answer: d (Raffinose)
 Explanation: Raffinose is an example of an oligosaccharide, as it consists of three
monosaccharide units (glucose, fructose, and galactose) linked together.
14. Which carbohydrate is found in milk and composed of glucose and galactose?
 Answer: c (Lactose)
 Explanation: Lactose is the carbohydrate found in milk and is composed of
glucose and galactose. It is commonly referred to as "milk sugar."
15. What is the process by which complex carbohydrates are broken down into simpler
sugars during digestion?
 Answer: c (Hydrolysis)
 Explanation: Hydrolysis is the process by which complex carbohydrates are
broken down into simpler sugars through the addition of water molecules,
catalyzed by enzymes.
16. Which of the following is NOT a monosaccharide?
 Answer: c (Lactose)
 Explanation: Lactose is a disaccharide composed of glucose and galactose, not a
monosaccharide.
17. What is the main function of starch in plants?
  Answer: a (Energy storage)
 Explanation: Starch serves as the primary storage form of energy in plants,
providing a readily available source of glucose when needed.
18. Which of the following is a function of carbohydrates in the human body?
 Answer: d (Facilitate nerve impulses)
 Explanation: Carbohydrates play a role in providing energy for various cellular
activities but do not directly facilitate nerve impulses. Nerve impulses primarily
rely on ions and the nervous system.
19. What type of bond forms between amino acids in a protein?
 Answer: b (Peptide bond)
 Explanation: Peptide bonds form between amino acids in a protein during
protein synthesis, creating a chain of amino acids.
20. What is the primary structural component of plant cell walls?
 Answer: b (Cellulose)
 Explanation: Cellulose is the primary structural component of plant cell walls,
providing rigidity and support to plant cells.

21. Which carbohydrate is commonly used by plants to store energy?

 Answer: c (Starch)
 Explanation: Plants commonly use starch as a storage form of energy. Starch
consists of glucose molecules linked together and can be readily broken down to
provide energy.
22. Which carbohydrate is used as a structural component in the exoskeletons of insects?
 Answer: c (Chitin)
 Explanation: Chitin serves as a structural component in the exoskeletons of
insects and other arthropods, providing support and protection.
23. Which of the following is a disaccharide?
 Answer: b (Maltose)
 Explanation: Maltose is a disaccharide composed of two glucose molecules
linked together.
24. Which carbohydrate is found in honey and is composed of glucose and fructose?
 Answer: b (Sucrose)
 Explanation: Sucrose is found in honey and is composed of glucose and
fructose. It is commonly used as table sugar.
25. What is the primary function of lipids in living organisms?
 Answer: a (Energy storage)
 Explanation: Lipids primarily serve as energy storage molecules in living
organisms. They can also provide insulation and are important components of
cell membranes.
26. Which of the following is an example of an oligosaccharide?
 Answer: d (Raffinose)
 Explanation: Raffinose is an example of an oligosaccharide, consisting of three
monosaccharide units (glucose, fructose, and galactose) linked together.
27. Which carbohydrate is commonly known as "milk sugar"?
 Answer: c (Lactose)
 Explanation: Lactose is commonly known as "milk sugar" and is found in milk
and dairy products.
28. What is the main function of cellulose in plants?
 Answer: b (Structural support)
 Explanation: Cellulose provides structural support in plant cell walls, contributing
to the rigidity and strength of plant cells.
29. Which type of bond links nucleotides in a nucleic acid molecule?
 Answer: c (Phosphodiester bond)
 Explanation: Phosphodiester bonds link nucleotides together in a nucleic acid
(DNA or RNA) molecule, forming the backbone of the molecule.
30. What is the primary role of nucleic acids in living organisms?
 Answer: c (Genetic information storage)
 Explanation: Nucleic acids, such as DNA and RNA, primarily serve as the storage
and transmission of genetic information in living organisms, including the
instructions for protein synthesis and other cellular processes.