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Drawing Frequency Polygons and Cumulative Frequency Curves

1) A frequency polygon is a graph that represents the distribution of data values by plotting the class frequencies against the class midpoints and joining the points. It closes the ends of the distribution where the frequency is assumed to be zero. 2) A cumulative frequency curve plots the cumulative total of the frequencies against the class boundaries. It adds an initial interval where the frequency is zero to ensure the graph intersects the x-axis at the beginning. 3) The document provides an example of a frequency polygon and cumulative frequency curve. It also includes two practice problems constructing a frequency polygon from raw data on running times and representing plant height data in a frequency polygon.

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723 views4 pages

Drawing Frequency Polygons and Cumulative Frequency Curves

1) A frequency polygon is a graph that represents the distribution of data values by plotting the class frequencies against the class midpoints and joining the points. It closes the ends of the distribution where the frequency is assumed to be zero. 2) A cumulative frequency curve plots the cumulative total of the frequencies against the class boundaries. It adds an initial interval where the frequency is zero to ensure the graph intersects the x-axis at the beginning. 3) The document provides an example of a frequency polygon and cumulative frequency curve. It also includes two practice problems constructing a frequency polygon from raw data on running times and representing plant height data in a frequency polygon.

Uploaded by

annie
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
  • Cumulative Frequency Curve (OGIVE)
  • Frequency Polygons
  • Statistics Exercises

STATISTICS

Frequency Polygons
A frequency polygon is formed by plotting the frequencies of the groups against the mid-class
values and joining the points. To close the ends of the frequency polygon an interval at the
beginning and end of the distribution is added where the frequency is assumed to be zero.
For example:
Add 40-49 Add 110-119

So the table becomes

Mass, kg 40-49 50-59 60-69 70-79 80-89 90-99 100-109 110-119

Frequency, f 0 15 30 35 15 3 2 0

Mid-class value, x 44.5 54.5 64.5 74.5 84.5 94.5 104.5 114.5

A frequency polygon is also obtained if you were to connect the top center of each bar in a
histogram.

Cumulative Frequency Curve (OGIVE)


Cumulative Frequency = sum of all frequencies in previous rows + frequency of that row
Length (cm) Frequency Cumulative
Frequency 2+4=6
11-15 2 2
16-20 4 6
21-25 8 14 6 + 8 = 14
26-30 14 28
31-35 6 34
36-40 4 38
41-45 2 40

A Cumulative Frequency Curve is drawn by plotting the upper boundary of every class interval
against its cumulative frequency. A class interval is added before the first class with a frequency
of 0 to ensure the beginning of the graph cuts the x-axis.
STATISTICS

Frequency Polygons
1) A class of 32 students participated in running a 400m race in preparation for their sports day.
The time in seconds taken by each student is recorded below.
83 51 56 58 62 65 61 64
72 71 54 62 81 80 78 77
71 55 70 54 82 59 71 62
83 65 63 72 78 73 68 75

a) Complete the following table.


Time in seconds Frequency
50-54 3
55-59 4
60-64 6
65-69
70-74
75-79
80 - 84

b) Using the raw scores, determine the range for the data.
c) Using a scale of 2 cm to represent 5 seconds on the horizontal axis and a scale of 1 cm
to represent 1 student on the vertical axis, draw a frequency polygon to represent the
data.
NOTE: An empty interval must be shown at each end of the distribution and the polygon
closed.
d) To qualify for the finals, a student must complete the race in less than 60 seconds. What
is the probability that a student from this class will qualify for the finals?

2) The heights of a sample of seedlings were measured to the nearest centimetre and then
arranged in class intervals as shown in the table below.
Height in cm Midpoint Frequency
3-7 5 0
8-12 10 3
13-17 15 12
18-22 16
23-27 22
28-32 18
33-37 14

a) How many seedlings were in the sample?


b) For the class interval; “8 -12” in the table above write down
i) The lower class limit
ii) The upper class boundary
iii) The class width
c) Complete the table by inserting
i) The midpoints of EACH interval
ii) The missing values for the class interval after the interval “33-37”.
d) Using a scale of 2 cm to represent 5 cm on the horizontal axis and 2 cm to represent 5
seedlings on the vertical axis, draw a frequency polygon to represent the data as shown
in your table.
STATISTICS

Cumulative Frequency
1) The table below shows the speeds to the nearest kmh-1 of 90 vehicles that pass a checkpoint.
STATISTICS

2)

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