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LD5537
09/07/2015
Typical Application
DC
AC EMI Output
input Filter
VCC
BNO OUT
LD5537
photocoupler
CS/OVP
COMP
GND
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LD5537-DS-01 September 2015
LD5537
09/07/2015
Pin Configuration
SOT-26 (TOP VIEW)
OUT VCC CS
6 5 4
37
YWt pp
1 2 3
Ordering Information
Part number Package Top Mark Shipping
Protection Mode
Switching
VCC OVP BNO OPP OCP OSCP Int. OTP CS Pin OVP
Freq.
130kHz Auto-Restart Auto-Restart Auto-Restart Auto-Restart Auto-Restart Auto-Restart Auto-Restart
Pin Descriptions
PIN NAME FUNCTION
1 GND Ground
Voltage feedback pin (same as the COMP pin in UC384X). Connect a photo-coupler to
2 COMP
close the control loop and achieve the regulation.
Brownout Protection Pin. Connect a resistor divider between this pin and bulk
3 BNO capacitor voltage to set the brownout level. If the voltage below the threshold, the
PWM output will be disabled.
Current sense pin, connect it to sense the MOSFET current. This pin is also connected
4 CS to an auxiliary winding of the PWM transformer through a resistor and a diode for
output over-voltage protection.
5 VCC Supply voltage pin
6 OUT Gate drive output to drive the external MOSFET
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Block Diagram
Vcc OVP
Comparator
28.5V -
+ OVP
VCC
UVLO
31V + Internal +
Bias&Ref - PDR
- 4.5V
UVLO Vcc OK
On/off
Vcc
PG
OSCP
Vref OK Latch
Soft -Drive OUT
OPP/OCP
Bias Green
Mode
OSC
RFB Control SET
S Q
PWM
COMP Comparator
-
+ R CLR Q
2Vf 2R
R
VBIAS
+ Slope Com.
Σ OPP
Duty
Comparator
VOPP
COMP BNI//BNO
+ BNO
+ -
LEB 1.40/1.30V
CS +
-
0.75V
Offset - Delay
- + Time
+
OCP
OSC1.
Comparator
COMP + Delay
- Time
4.7V
Sample OPP
Comparator OSC2.
SET OPP/
S Q OCP
Delay Delay
OSCP
Time
PG ½ Counter R CLR Q
OSC1.
OUT CS-OVP
0.30V
OVP/CS_OVP
SET
Ext. OTP S Q Latch
BNO
PDR + Int. OTP
-
PG R CLR Q
PDR
GND
3
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LD5537-DS-01 September 2015
LD5537
09/07/2015
Caution:
Stress exceeding Maximum Ratings may damage the device. Maximum Ratings are stress ratings only. Functional operation above the
Recommended Operating Conditions is not implied. Extended exposure to stress above Recommended Operating Conditions may affect
device reliability.
Note:
1. It’s essential to connect VCC pin with a SMD ceramic capacitor (0.1F ~ 0.47F) to
filter out the undesired switching noise for stable operation. This capacitor should be
placed close to IC pin as possible
2. Connecting a capacitor to COMP pin is also essential to filter out the undesired
switching noise for stable operation.
3. The small signal components should be placed close to IC pin as possible.
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Electrical Characteristics
(TA = +25C unless otherwise stated, VCC=15.0V)
PARAMETER CONDITIONS SYMBOL MIN TYP MAX UNITS
Supply Voltage (VCC Pin)
Startup Current VCC < UVLO(ON) ISTUP 12 A
VCOMP=0V IVCC_0V 0.55 0.65 mA
Operating Current
VCOMP=3V IVCC_3V 2 2.5 mA
(with 1nF load on OUT pin)
Auto mode. IHD_AUTO 530 A
UVLO(OFF) VUVLO(OFF) 7 8.6 9.1 V
UVLO(ON) VUVLO(ON) 15 16 17 V
OVP Level VOVP 27.3 28.5 29.7 V
OVP pin de-bounce time TDE_OVP 6 8 10 cycle
Voltage Feedback (COMP Pin)
Short Circuit Current VCOMP=0V ICOMP_0V 0.09 0.125 0.16 mA
Open Loop Voltage COMP pin open ICOMP_OP 5.1 5.3 5.5 V
Peak Mode Threshold VCOMP VCOMP_PK 4.1 4.2 4.3 V
Peak Mode Down Threshold (Fig. 1) VCOMP_DN 3.9 4.0 4.1 V
Green Mode Threshold VCOMP VCOMP_GN 2.85 2.95 3.05 V
Green Mode Down Threshold
VCOMP_GN_DN 2.35 2.45 2.55 V
VCOMP, FSW_DN
Zero Duty Threshold VCOMP VZD 1.6 1.7 1.8 V
Zero Duty Hysteresis VZD_H 100 mV
IOPP Threshold VCOMP Duty20% VIOPP 3.9 4 4.1 V
Current Sensing (CS Pin)
Limit Voltage, VCS_OFF Duty50% VCS_OFF 0.735 0.75 0.765 V
OCP Voltage for Low line, VCS (Fig. 2) VCS 0.666 0.680 0.694 V
OCP Voltage for High line VCS 0.608 0.620 0.632 V
Duty50% IOPP_50 0 5 A
OPP Compensation Current
Duty20% IOPP_20 552 575 598 A
Leading Edge Blanking Time TLEB 200 250 300 Ns
Internal Slope Compensation *, 0% to DMAX. (Linearly
VSLOP 300 mV
increase)
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Frequency VCS_OCP
130kHz
load
0.68V
Pe a k
Normal mode
65kHz
e
od
0.62V
nm
ee
Gr
23kHz
Burst mode VCOMP
20% 50% Duty %
1.7V~1.8V 2.45V 2.95V 4.0V 4.2V
Fig. 1 VCOMP vs. PWM Frequency Fig. 2 Duty vs. OCP level
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1
VCS_OFF
VCS_OCP
0.9
0.8
VCS(V)
0.7
0.6
0.5
-40 0 40 80 120
Temperature (C)
Fig. 9 OCP& Limit level vs.Temperature
320
315
310
305
VCS (mV)
300
295
290
285
280
-40 0 40 80 120
Temperature (C)
Fig. 12 VCS OVP Level vs.Temperature
1.7
VBNI
1.65
VBNO
1.6
1.55
1.5
BNO (V)
1.45
1.4
1.35
VBNI & VBNO (V)
1.3
1.25
1.2
-40 0 40 80 120
Temperature ( C)
Fig. 13 BNI & BNO vs.Temperature
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Application Information
Operation Overview it will enable the auxiliary winding of the transformer to
provide supply current. Lower startup current
The LD5537 meets the green-power requirement and is
requirement on the PWM controller will help to increase
intended for the use in those modern switching power
the value of R1 and then reduce the power consumption
suppliers and adaptors which demand higher power
on R1. By using CMOS process and the special circuit
efficiency and power-saving. It integrates more functions
design, the maximum startup current for LD5537 is only
to reduce the external components counts and the size.
12A.
Its major features are described as below.
If a higher resistance value of the R1 is chosen, it will
Under Voltage Lockout (UVLO)
usually spend more time to start up. To carefully select the
An UVLO comparator is implemented in it to detect the value of R1 and C1 will optimize the power consumption
voltage on the VCC pin. It would assure the supply and startup time.
voltage enough to turn on the LD5537 PWM controller
and further to drive the power MOSFET. As shown in Fig.
AC EMI
14, a hysteresis is built in to prevent the shutdown from input Filter
the voltage dip during startup. The turn-on and turn-off
Cbulk
threshold level are set at 16.0V and 7.5V, respectively. D1
R1
VCC
C1
UVLO(ON)
VCC
OUT
UVLO(OFF)
LD5537
CS
t
GND
I(VCC) operating current
(~ mA)
Fig. 15
startup current
(~uA) Current Sensing and Leading-edge
t Blanking
Fig. 14 The typical current mode of PWM controller feedbacks
both current signal and voltage signal to close the control
Startup Current and Startup Circuit
loop and achieve regulation. As shown in Fig. 16, the
The typical startup circuit to generate VCC of the LD5537 LD5537 detects the primary MOSFET current from the CS
is shown in Fig. 15. During the startup transient, the pin, which is not only for the peak current mode control
VCC is below UVLO threshold. Before it has sufficient but also for the pulse-by-pulse current limit. The maximum
voltage to develop OUT pulse to drive the power voltage threshold of the current sensing pin is set at 0.75V.
MOSFET, R1 will provide the startup current to charge the From above, the MOSFET peak current is concluded as
capacitor C1. Once VCC obtain enough voltage to turn below.
on the LD5537 and further to deliver the gate drive signal,
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0.75V
I PEAK(MAX) =
RS
VIN
Cbulk 150ns
D1
VCC blanking time
AC
OUT
Line R1
C1
LD5537
VCC CS
OUT GND
LD5537
COMP
Can be removed if the negative
CS
GND spike is not over spec. (-0.3V).
Rs
Fig. 17
Fig. 16
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VCC
Voltage Feedback Loop
The voltage feedback signal is provided from the TL431 at UVLO(ON)
RB
V(PWM COMPARATOR ) ( VCOMP 2VF ) 4.7V
RA RB
OPP Trip Level
A pull-high resistor is embedded internally and therefore t
enter toward saturation and then pull the voltage high on 3. This duration is greater than 8 cycles.
COMP pin (VCOMP). When the VCOMP ramps up to the
4. Turn on time is lower than 1us.
OPP threshold of 4.7V and continues over OPP delay
time, the protection will be activated and then turn off the The out signal could not be charged either, if it fails to
gate output to stop the switching of power circuit. meet the four conditions.
With the protection mechanism, the average input power Once the protection is triggered, switching is terminated
will be minimized to remain the component temperature and the MOSFET remains off.
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OVP (Over Voltage Protection) on VCC - Line Voltage
Auto Recovery
VCC 1.30V
OVP
UVLO(off) UVLO(ON)
OVP Reset
t UVLO(OFF)
t
OUT
OUT
t
t
Fig. 20
Fig. 21
Brownout Protection
Adjustable Over Power Compensation (CS
The LD5537 is programmable for the brownout protection
Pin)
point though BNO pin. The voltage across the BNO pin is
In general, the power converter can deliver more current
proportional to the bulk capacitor voltage, referred as the
with high input voltage than low input voltage. To
line voltage. A brownout comparator is implemented to
compensate this, an offset voltage is added to the CS
detect the abnormal line condition. As soon as the
signal by an internal current source (IOPP) and an external
condition is detected, it will shut down the controller to
resistor (ROPP) in series between the sense resistor (Rs)
prevent the damage. Fig. 21 shows the operation.
and the CS pin, as shown in Fig. 22. Different values of
When VBNO falls below 1.30V, the gate output will remain
resistors in series with the CS pin may adjust the amount
off even as VCC achieved UVLO(ON). It therefore makes
of compensation. The value of IOPP depends on the duty
VCC hiccup between UVLO(ON) and UVLO(OFF).
cycle of OUT pin. The equation of IOPP is decreased as:
Unless the line voltage is large enough to pull VBNO over
(0.5 Duty) 1915uA(0.2 Duty 0.5)
1.40V, the gate output will not start switching even when
the next UVLO(ON) is tripped. A hysteresis is IOPP 0uA (Duty 0.5)
implemented to prevent the false trigger during turn-on 575uA (Duty 0.2)
and turn-off. In light load, this offset is in same level of magnitude as
the current sense signal, it shall be canceled. Therefore
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the compensation current will be fully added once the ESD or lightning events. However, when typically 8 cycles
COMP voltage is above 3.05V, as shown in Fig. 23. of subsequent OVP events are detected, the OVP circuit
switches the power MOSFET off. As the protection is auto
ROCP: 470~1.4k; COCP:82pF~390pF
VBIAS recovery, the converter restarts after the VCC is lower than
Limit
Comparator UVLO OFF level and then recharge to UVLO ON.
0.75V
Duty/VCOMP
IOPP
Delay Sample
OUT AUX
CS ROPP
OVP
LEB
OUT Debouce CS
RS 8 cycle 0.30V
ROPP
RS
Fig. 22
Fig. 24
Duty≤ 0.1
IOPP Out
Duty= 0.2
AUX Winding
Duty
Duty= 0.3
Sample
3.9V 4.2V VCOMP
Delay
Fig. 23
Fig. 25
Output Over Voltage Protection – Auto
Recovery
Oscillator and Switching Frequency
An output overvoltage protection is implemented in the
The LD5537 is implemented with Frequency Swapping
LD5537 to sense the auxiliary voltage via the divided
function which helps the power supply designers optimize
resistors as shown in Fig. 24. The auxiliary winding
EMI performance and reduce system cost. The switching
voltage is reflected to the secondary winding and
frequency substantially centers at 130kHz, and swap
therefore the flat voltage on the CS pin is in proportion to
between a range of ±6%.
the output voltage. LD5537 can sample this flat voltage
level after a delay time to perform output over voltage Green-Mode Operation
protection. This delay time is used to ignore the voltage By using the green-mode control, the switching frequency
ringing from leakage inductance of PWM transformer. The can be reduced in light load condition. This feature helps
sampling voltage level is compared with internal threshold to improve the efficiency in light load conditions. The
voltage 0.30V. If the sampling voltage exceeds the OVP green-mode control is Leadtrend Technology’s own
trip level, an internal counter starts counting the property.
subsequent OVP events. The counter has been added to
prevent incorrect OVP detection which might occur during
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Fault Protection
There are several critical protections integrated in the
LD5537 to prevent from damage to the power supply.
Those damages usually came from open or short
conditions on LD5537.
1. CS pin floating
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Package Information
SOT-26
θ 0° 10° 0° 10°
Important Notice
Leadtrend Technology Corp. reserves the right to make changes or corrections to its products at any time without notice. Customers
should verify the datasheets are current and complete before placing order.
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Revision History
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