PSYCHOLOGICAL

SELF
 LEARNING OBJECTIVES
Summarize the key ideas on the different
psychological perspectives of the self.
Identify the different facets of the self.
Create plans to reconcile the real and ideal self.
Construct a personal psychological theory of the
self.
Recognize the external images and impressions
projected by the self and the inner aspects that are
covert yet essential in understanding the totality of
the human experience.
 SELF/
SELF-CONCEPT
According to Carl Rogers, the self is an
organized, consistent of perception of and
belief about oneself
Self-schemas:
past experiences goals
personality traits social roles
abilities own observations
physical features feedback from other.
values
 Real and Ideal Self
Real Self Ideal Self
The person we The person we want
actually are to be
How I see me The idealized version
"Actual self" of ourselves
How I should be
 HOW ALIGNED IS YOUR REAL
SELF WITH YOUR IDEAL SELF?
Incongruent Congruent

Real Self Ideal Self Real Self Ideal

Self

The real self is very different from the The real self is similar to the
ideal. ideal.
There is only a little overlap. There is only more overlap.
Self-actualization is difficult to attain. The person can self-actualise.
 Summary:
If the way that I am (real self) is aligned with the way that I
want to be (ideal self), then I will feel a sense of mental well-
being or peace of mind. If the way that I am is not aligned
with how I want to be, the incongruence, or lack of
alignment, will result in mental distress or anxiety. The
greater the level of incongruence between the ideal self and
the real self, the greater the distress.
How to deal with
incongruence?
we need to reflect
evaluate our behavior
be reminded of our ideal self to put
us back on track
 Similar
Concepts
Karen Horney
Western society is imbued with cultural
teachings of kinship and humility.
Society demands for success and
achievement.
Society tells people that they are free and
can accomplish through hard work and
perseverance.
 Similar
Concepts
Karen Horney
Because people feel inferior, they develop
an idealized self-image.
The actual self is often despised because it
fails to fulfill the requirement of the
idealized image.
The real self is alive, unique, the personal
center of ourselves the actualization of
which is the meaning of life.
 Similar
Concepts
Kenneth Gergen
Having a flexible sense of self in a different
context is more socially adaptable than
forcing oneself to stick to one concept.
Multiple selves are the capacities we carry
within us from multiple relationships.
Unified selves: congruent, cohesive, and
consistent.
 Similar
Concepts
Donald Winnicott
The true self is achieved when a person has
a sense of integrity and connected
wholeness.
A healthy false self is functional for the
person and society.
An unhealthy false self fits in through a
feeling of forced compliance rather than
loving adaptation.
Thanks!