Section 1: This section upholds the equality of all confront witnesses and have compulsory process

individuals before the law and prohibits to secure witnesses.

discrimination on the basis of gender, religion,
Section 13: This section strengthens the right to
ethnicity, or social status.
bail, except for offenses that are punishable by
Section 2: This section recognizes and protects life imprisonment or death.
the right to freedom of expression, speech, press,
Section 14: This section recognizes the right to an
and other forms of communication.
impartial trial through an impartial jury.
Section 3: This section safeguards the freedom of
Section 15: This section protects against the use
religion, allowing individuals to freely exercise
of torture, force, violence, threat, intimidation, or
their chosen faith without interference from the
any other means that violate the rights of the
government.
accused. Section 16: This section guarantees the
Section 4: This section protects the freedom of right to freedom of movement, allowing
peaceful assembly and association, ensuring that individuals to travel and reside within the country.
citizens can gather and form organizations freely.
Section 17: This section protects the right to
Section 5: This section guarantees the right to privacy of communication and correspondence,
information, enabling access to official records, ensuring that these can only be intercepted or
documents, and transactions in government disclosed with proper legal authorization.
offices. Section 6: This section guarantees the
Section 18: This section grants the right to free
right to privacy, protecting individuals from
access to courts and other tribunals, as well as to
unlawful searches and seizures. It also establishes
speedy decisions and resolution of cases.
the requirement for warrants issued by a judge,
based on probable cause, before arresting or Section 19: This section protects against any
conducting searches. restriction of one's rights on the basis of political
beliefs or affiliations.
Section 7: This section protects against violations
of the right to due process, including the right to
fair trial and the presumption of innocence until
Section 20: This section upholds the right to
proven guilty. It also prohibits double jeopardy
peaceably assemble and petition the government
and cruel, degrading, or inhuman punishment.
for redress of grievances. Section 21: This section
Section 8: This section ensures the right to legal guarantees the right to information about matters
and competent counsel, especially for those of public concern, subject to reasonable
accused of crimes. It also grants individuals the limitations as prescribed by law.
right to be informed of their rights upon arrest.
Section 22: This section protects against the re-
Section 9: This section upholds the right to be imposition of the death penalty, except for
free from arbitrary detention, requiring that compelling reasons as determined by Congress.
individuals can only be arrested or detained with
Section 23: This section creates the right of
proper legal justification.
victims of crimes to be informed, heard, and
Section 10: This section guarantees the right to be treated with dignity and compassion during
informed of the reasons for arrest and the right to criminal proceedings.
legal remedy, particularly through the privilege of
the writ of habeas corpus. Section 11: This
section protects against excessive bail and fines,
as well as cruel or unusual punishment.
Section 12: This section safeguards the right to
speedy and public trial, as well as the right to