English for

Academic and
Professional
Purposes (EAPP)
Grade 12 - HUMSS
I FEEL YOU!
Since your elementary years, how many
times do you think you have written a
summary?
How do you feel when your teacher asks
you to summarize a text? Give at least 3
feelings.
Was summarizing an easy, average, or
difficult task for you? Why?
PRIOR-ITY
PRIOR-ITY
YAH if you agree to the statement; NAH if not.

1. Summary is a dumb thing that teachers make

you write.

NAH
PRIOR-ITY
YAH if you agree to the statement; NAH if not.

2. Summary is the entire text, told in your own

words.

NAH
PRIOR-ITY
YAH if you agree to the statement; NAH if not.

3. You write your own opinions, like “This was

a great story!”, in your summary.

NAH
PRIOR-ITY
YAH if you agree to the statement; NAH if not.

4. In writing a summary, the format is always in

a paragraph form.

NAH
PRIOR-ITY
YAH if you agree to the statement; NAH if not.

5. The length of the summary depends on how

many important details it needs to cover.

YAH
INTRODUCTION
TO
SUMMARIZING
LEARNING COMPETENCY:

• Use various techniques in summarizing

a variety of academic texts
(CS_EN11/12A-EAPP-Ia-c-5).
WHAT IS A
SUMMARY?
WHAT IS A SUMMARY?
● Summary is a brief or short statement or
account of something that consists of the main
ideas and important details of a text.

● The length of your summary depends on the

main idea and key points you have covered.
There is no definite or exact length of a
summary.
WHAT A
SUMMARY IS
NOT?
WHAT A SUMMARY IS NOT?
● It is NOT a place for opinions.

● It is NOT copy-pasted. Copy-paste is when you

just copy few sentences from the text, word for
word, and delete (take out) other sentences
when there is already no space in your paper.

● It is NOT writing down everything.

IS A SUMMARY
ALWAYS IN
SENTENCES OR A
PARAGRAPH?
IS A SUMMARY ALWAYS IN
SENTENCES OR A PARAGRAPH?
● Most of the time you are expected to write
summaries of academic texts in sentences or in
a paragraph form.

● BUT, there are other ways or strategies to

summarize a text that do not require you to
write complete sentences.
WAIT, WHAT?
● Before writing a summary, you need to
carefully read and understand the text for
you to be able to point out its main idea
and key points which are the most
essential in summarizing.
SUMMARIZING
1. The main idea is what the text is about.

● Often, you can find the main idea in the

topic sentence or thesis statement.

● Sometimes the main idea is explicit;

sometimes it is implied.
SUMMARIZING
1. The main idea is what the text is about.
● If the main idea is explicit, it means it is
directly stated in the topic sentence.

● If it is implied, it means the topic sentence

only suggests or gives a hint of the idea
but is not directly stated in the sentence.
SUMMARIZING
2. Key points or sub points are arguments
or information that are used to support
the main idea.

● Key points may be developed or

elaborated with supporting details.
HOW TO
SUMMARIZE?
HOW TO SUMMARIZE?
Use MIDAS touch.

● M Main idea: Identify main idea from the topic

sentence (if there is one) or use all or any of the
basic signal words [ who (subject), what
(action), where (location), when (time), why
(reason), how (process)].
● I Identify key points.
HOW TO SUMMARIZE?
Use MIDAS touch.

● D Disregard unimportant information.

● A Analyze redundant information.
● S Simplify, categorize, and label important
information.
 PRACTICE 1
“On Using Basic
Signal Words”
 The Very Hungry Caterpillar
In the light of the moon, a little egg lay on a leaf. One Sunday morning, the
warm sun came up and pop! After the egg, came a tiny and very hungry caterpillar.
It started to look for some food. On Monday, it ate through one mango, but it was
still hungry. On Tuesday, it ate through two bananas, but it was still hungry. On
Wednesday, it ate through three guavas, but it was still hungry. On Thursday, it ate
through four strawberries, but it was still hungry. On Friday, it ate through five
oranges, but it was still hungry. On Saturday, it ate through one slice of chocolate
cake, one ice cream cone, one cucumber, one slice of cheese, one hotdog, one
lollipop, one corn, one slice of ham, one cupcake, and one slice of watermelon. That
night, it had a stomachache. The next day was Sunday again. The caterpillar ate
through one nice green leaf, and after that it felt much better. Now, it wasn’t
hungry anymore, and it wasn’t a little caterpillar anymore. It was a big, fat
caterpillar. It built a small house called a cocoon around itself. It stayed inside for
more than two weeks. Then, it nibbled a hole in the cocoon, pushed its way out, and
it was a beautiful butterfly.
PRACTICE 1: ON USING BASIC
SIGNAL WORDS
Who:
● A hungry caterpillar
What:
● Ate a lot of food
How:
● Turned into a beautiful butterfly
 PRACTICE 2
“MAIN IDEA AND
KEY POINTS”
PRACTICE 2: MAIN IDEA AND KEY
POINTS
Main Idea:
A hungry caterpillar that turned into a butterfly

Key Points:
1. Ate a lot of food
2. Turned into a beautiful butterfly
PRACTICE 2: MAIN IDEA AND KEY
POINTS
Summary #1
A bug comes out of an egg. It eats lots of food.
This is a great story. If you want to find out how it
ends, you should read it!
This summary includes personal opinions. It is
also inaccurate—a bug does not come out of the
egg, a caterpillar does.
PRACTICE 2: MAIN IDEA AND KEY
POINTS
Summary #2
A caterpillar hatches from an egg. After
eating many different kinds of food, it turns into a
beautiful butterfly.
This summary includes the main character (the
“what” or subject) of the story, as well as the
important events. It does not include trivial details
or opinions.
PRACTICE 2: MAIN IDEA AND KEY
POINTS
Summary #3
In the warm moonlight, a caterpillar hatches
out of an egg. First it eats a mango. Then it eats
bananas. Then it eats three guavas. Then it eats
four strawberries. Then it eats five oranges. Then
it eats lots of other things. Finally, it spins a
cocoon around itself. It turns into a beautiful
butterfly!
PRACTICE 2: MAIN IDEA AND KEY
POINTS
Summary #3

This summary contains more details than are

needed. The list of “mango, bananas, guavas,
strawberries, and oranges” can be collapsed into
“fruits” or “different kinds of food”.
PRACTICE 2: MAIN IDEA AND KEY
POINTS

Best Summary:

Summary 2
 PRACTICE 3
“MAIN IDEA AND
KEY POINTS”
 Wrigley’s Chewing Gum
(1) Wrigley’s chewing gum was actually developed as a premium to be given away
with other product rather than as a primary product for sale. As a teenager, William Wrigley
Jr. was working for his father in Chicago selling soap that has been manufactured in his
father’s factory. The soap was not very popular with merchants because it was priced at 5
cents, and this selling price did not leave a good profit margin for the merchants. Wrigley
convinced his father to raise the price to ten cents and to give away cheap umbrellas as a
premium for the merchants. This worked successfully, confirming to Wrigley that the use of
premium was an effective sales tool.
(2) Wrigley then established his own company, in his company he was selling soap as a
wholesaler, giving baking soda away as a premium, and using a cook book to promote each
deal. Over time, the baking soda and cookbook became more popular than the soap, so Wrigley
began a new operation selling baking soda. He soon decided on chewing gum. Once again, when
Wrigley realized that the demand for premium was stronger than the demand for the original
product, he created the Wm. Wrigley Jr. Company to produce and sell chewing gum.
(3) Wrigley started out with two brands of gum, Vassar and Lotta gums, and soon
introduced Juicy Fruit and Spearmint. The latter two brands grew in popularity, while the first
two were phased out. Juicy Fruit and Spearmint are two of Wrigley’s main brand to this day.
PRACTICE 3: MAIN IDEA AND KEY
POINTS

Main Idea:
Wrigley’s Chewing Gum
PRACTICE 3: MAIN IDEA AND KEY
POINTS
Key Points:
1. Wrigley established his own company, the Wm.
Wrigley Jr. Company, with baking soda as his
primary product.
2. The chewing gum was originally developed as a
premium to be given away.
3. Juicy Fruit and Spearmint are two of Wrigley’s
main brand to this day.
PRACTICE 3: MAIN IDEA AND KEY
POINTS
Summary: Wrigley’s chewing gum was originally
developed as a give-away or premium with baking
soda as William Wrigley Jr.’s original product, but the
demand for the premium was greater than the
product so he decided to create the Wm. Wrigley Jr.
Company which produces and sells chewing gum.
Juicy Fruit and Spearmint are the products seen in
the market today.
OTHER
SUMMARIZING
TECHNIQUES
1. One-Word Summaries
● Apply critical thinking skills to investigate, read
about, and analyze the topic.

● Come up with one good word that fits the topic.

● Defend your word choice with a valid reason. It

is not the choice of the one word that makes this
a powerful strategy, but the development of
your reason for defending that choice.
2. GIST Strategy
● According to the Merriam-Webster dictionary,
gist means main point or essence. In this
strategy, you fill in the details asked of you and
follow the steps given.

Title of the Text: _________________________

Source: _________________________
2. GIST Strategy
a. Read the article or section of text.
b. Fill in the 5 Ws and H where applicable.
Who: Where:
What: Why:
When: How:
c. Write a 20-word GIST summary.
_____ _____ _____ _____ _____
_____ _____ _____ _____ _____
3. Summary Star
● Using the shape of a
star, first write your
preferred one-word
title for the article. It
can be the theme or
the main idea of the
article.
3. Summary Star
● Then, write two
feelings the text
conveys in the right
corner.

● In the lower right

corner of the star,
write three words
about the setting.
3. Summary Star
● Next, write four
words to describe the
problem or conflict.
● Lastly, write five
words about the
conclusion or ending
of the text in the left
corner.
4. Chain of Events
5. Problem-Solution Chart
6. Story Pyramid
7. Acrostics
● You are to choose a key word/concept from the
lesson. You must then write a detail or
descriptor that starts with each of the letters of
the key word/concept.
● For example, the key word of a text is
HONESTY. You must then think of a detail or a
description that starts with the letter “H” and
that is related to the text, and so on.
7. Acrostics
Here is an example:
H- elp yourself to become a man with dignity
O- wn your mistakes
N- ever lie
E- nsure that your intentions are real
S- tay true to yourself and to everyone
T- ruth should always come out
Y- es to being faithful
8. RAFT
● Role (from whose point of view)
● Audience (the specific reader to whom the piece
is being written)
● Form or Format (a letter, memo, list, email, etc.)
● Topic (specific subject of the writing)
9. Key Points Summary

● You are to make a list of key points from the

text in bullet form.
GROUP REPORTING

PRACTICE MAKES
PERFECT
PRACTICE MAKES PERFECT

● Activity 1: MIDAS
● Activity 2: Key Point Summary
● Activity 3: GIST
● Activity 4: RAFT & Extra Basic
PRACTICE MAKES PERFECT
CRITERIA
● Focus – 30%
● Organization – 40%
● Mechanics and Grammar – 30%
TOTAL 100 POINTS
QUIZ TIME
Directions: Write YAH if the statement
about summary is true; write NAH if
otherwise.

1. Answers to the 5 Ws + H which are who,

what, where, when, why, and how should
always be complete in your summary.
NAH
Directions: Write YAH if the statement
about summary is true; write NAH if
otherwise.

2. Aside from the main idea and key points,

minor details should be included in your
summary.
NAH
Directions: Write YAH if the statement
about summary is true; write NAH if
otherwise.

3. The length of your summary should

always be a half shorter than the original
text.
NAH
Directions: Write YAH if the statement
about summary is true; write NAH if
otherwise.

4. The statement, “You should read the

essay”, is an essential part of your
summary.
NAH
Directions: Write YAH if the statement
about summary is true; write NAH if
otherwise.

5. Summarizing is one way to avoid

plagiarizing one’s work.

YAH
6 -15. What have you realized about summarizing?

Stay concise
Understand what is being read
Maintain objectivity
Main subject matter
Avoid personal opinion
Restate the content in …
Your own words
PERFORMANCE
TASK
PERFORMANCE TASK
IT’S SUMMAR-Y TIME!

In a sentence or sentences in a paragraph form,

write a summary for each text on a long bond paper.
There are two texts to summarize. Remember first to
identify the main idea and key points; then use them to
create your summary. (MIDAS)

Your summaries will be scored based on this rubric.

PERFORMANCE TASK
PERFORMANCE TASK
GUIDELINES:
1. Observe 1 inch margin (all sides)
2. Can be printed or handwritten
3. Avoid putting design on your bond paper
4. (If printed) Font Style – Arial, Font Size – 12
5. Avoid erasures
6. STRICTLY FOLLOW THE FORMAT.

To be submitted on: September 25, 2023

THANK YOU
FOR
LISTENING!