PRACTICE

PRESENT
Use the Simple Present to express the idea that an action is repeated or usual. The action can be a habit, a hobby, a daily
event, a scheduled event or something that often happens. It can also be something a person often forgets or usually
does not do.

VERB TO BE AFFIRMATIVE NEGATIVE

I AM I AM HAPPY I AM NOT (I`M NOT) HAPPY

HE
SHE IS SHE IS SAD SHE IS NOT (ISN`T) SAD
IT

YOU
WE ARE THEY ARE INTELLIGENT THEY ARE NOT (AREN`T) INTELLIGENT
THEY

QUESTIONS SHORT ANSWER LONG ANSWER

AM I HAPPY? YES, I AM NO. I AM NOT HAPPY

IS SHE SAD? YES, SHE IS NO, SHE IS NOT SAD
ARE THEY INTELLIGENT? YES, THEY ARE NO, THEY ARE NOT INTELLIGENT

AUXILIARIES AFFIRMATIVE NEGATIVE

DOES SHE STUDY FRENCH?

HE
DOES SHE YES, SHE STUDIES FRENCH NO, SHE DOESN`T STUDY FRENCH
IT

DO THEY PLAY SOCCER?

I
YOU
DO WE YOU PLAY SOCCER YOU DON`T PLAY SOCCER
THEY

NOTE: You don`t mix the verb to be with the auxiliaries do or does.

Examples: Cats like milk.

Birds do not like milk.
 I play tennis. Do pigs like milk?
 She does not play tennis. California is in America.
 Does he play tennis? California is not in the United
 The train leaves every morning at 8 AM. Kingdom.
 The train does not leave at 9 AM. Windows are made of glass.
 When does the train usually leave? Windows are not made of wood.
 She always forgets her purse.
 He never forgets his wallet.
 Every twelve months, the Earth circles the Sun.
 Does the Sun circle the Earth?

EXERCISES

1. My brother __________ in Paris.

1. live
 2. lives
3. living
2. __________ you want a cup of tea?
1. Do
2. Does
3. Is
3. I do __________ like her.
1. not
2. isn't
3. no
4. The stars __________ at night.
1. shine
2. shines
3. shined
5. The sun __________ very big.
1. are
2. is
3. am
6. I __________ sure you are right!
1. are
2. 'm
3. is
7. Where __________ work?
1. you do
2. you does
3. do you
8. Do you __________ EnglishClub.com?
1. like
2. likes
3. is like
9. It __________ very late.
1. isn't
2. not is
3. be not
10. They __________ go shopping at the weekend.
1. Does not
2. do'nt
3. don't

Complete the following sentences using the correct form of the verb

1. She ________ (speak) four languages.

2. Janeth is a teacher. She __________(teach) French.
3. I always ___________ (close) the window at night.
4. That car _________(cost) too much.
5. I ______________ (neg- watch) horror movies.
6. He ___________(neg- drink) tea in the morning
7. The post office _________________ (neg-open) today
8. They _____________(neg-be) at home.
9. Jacky __________ (have) two children
10. We ___________ (spend) too much money on weekends.
11. You _________ (neg-feel) well today.
12. That airplane __________ (leave) right now.
PAST

The past tense is used to talk about events that happened in the past. The events could be done minutes ago, hours ago,
days ago or so.

EXAMPLE:

VERB TO BE AFFIRMATIVE NEGATIVE

I WAS I WAS HAPPY YESTERDAY I WAS NOT (WASN´T) HAPPY YESTERDAY

HE

SHE WAS SHE WAS SAD LAST NIGHT SHE WAS NOT (WASN`T) SAD LAST NIGHT

IT

YOU

WE WERE WE WERE ANGRY BEFORE WE WERE NOT (WEREN`T) ANGRY BEFORE

THEY

QUESTION AFFIRMATIVE NEGATIVE

WAS I HAPPY YESTERDAY? YES, I WAS NO. I WAS NOT HAPPY YESTERDAY
WAS SHE SAD LAST NIGHT? YES, SHE WAS NO, SHE WAS NOT SAD LAST NIGHT
WERE THEY ANGRY BEFORE? YES, THEY WERE NO, THEY WERE NOT ANGRY BEFORE

AUXILIARIES AFFIRMATIVE NEGATIVE

DOES
DO DID

DID SHE STUDY FRENCH?

HE
DID SHE YES, SHE STUDIED FRENCH NO, SHE DIDN`T STUDY FRENCH
IT

DID THEY PLAY SOCCER?

I
YOU
DID WE YES, THEY PLAYED SOCCER NO, THEY DIDN`T PLAY SOCCER
THEY

NOTE: You don`t mix the verb to be with the auxiliary did.

EXCERCISES

Write the sentences to form the past tense. Use the regular verbs.

1. Call/mother _______________________________________________________________
2. Start/work ________________________________________________________________
3. Enjoy/dinner _______________________________________________________________
4. Walk/school _______________________________________________________________
5. Stay/hotel _________________________________________________________________
6. Visit/Machu Pichu __________________________________________________________
7. Like/present _______________________________________________________________
8. Learn/English ______________________________________________________________
 1. Read the following reading and change the verbs in present into past.

His name is Simon, he is 24 years old. He studies Modern Languages at the University of Caldas and he is in Seventh
semester. He wakes up daily at 6: 30 am, he takes a shower, gets dressed and has breakfast. At 7:30 am he takes the
bus to go to the University and has his first class of English. He loves English but sometimes he doesn´t have time to
study at home so he gets early to class to study with his friends. After classes, he goes home and has lunch alone. He
prepares sandwich to eat. After the lunch he takes a little nap for about 30 minutes and then he watches a little TV. He
likes English programs. From Monday to Friday he plays soccer from 4 to 6 pm and when he arrives to his home he
studies for the next day. At night he has dinner with his family and goes to bed at 9:30 pm.

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2. Complete the following sentences with the correct form of the tense.

a. I _________ (be) at the school from 7am to 1:30pm on Monday.

b. You ___________(practice) soccer twice a week.

c. She __________ (eat) hamburger for lunch yesterday.

d. he __________(buy) a car last month.

e. It ________(rain) two hours ago.

f. We _________ (be) at the concert last night.

g. They ___________ (work) so hard for the project.

PRESENT /PAST PROGRESSIVE

The progressive tenses are used to talk about activities or events that are happening at the moment or already past in a
short time or period. The present progressive can be used for future action as well.

Example:

VERB TO BE PRESENT PROGRESSIVE PAST PROGRESSIVE

I AM I AM WORKING IN MY PROJECT I WAS WORKING IN MY PROJECT

HE

SHE IS SHE IS PRACTICING SPORT SHE WAS PRACTICING SPORT

IT

YOU

WE ARE WE ARE STUDYING FOR THE EXAM WE ARE STUDYING FOR THE EXAM

THEY
EXERCISE

Look at the picture and describe what the people are doing at the moment.

______________ ___________________ ____________________ __________________

______________ ___________________ ____________________ __________________

Complete the sentences using the present progressive

1. The baby sleeps. The baby_____________.

2. 2. Jim rakes his garden. Jim ____________his garden.

3. 3. Tom and Harry eat in the cafe. Tom and Harry _____________in the cafe.

4. 4. Tonight I go square dancing. Tonight I ______________square dancing.

5. 5. They plan to go to China. They _____________to go to China.

1 My brother and sister ____________playing tennis at 11am yesterday.

2 __________you still working at 7pm last night?

3 At 8.30am today I __________driving to work.

4 We _____________sleeping at 11pm.

PRESENT AND PAST PERFECT

The present perfect is used to talk about events or situations that started in the past and are still happening in the
present. The past perfect is used to describe situations or events that started in the past, had duration at any time but
they are now finished.

Example

PRONOUN VERB IN PAST PARTICIPLE COMPLEMENT

PRESENT PAST

HAVE YOU I HAVE BEEN IN USA FOR THREE MONTHS

WE I HAD BEEN IN USA FOR THREE MONTHS

THEY HAD In past perfect, HAD is use for all the pronouns.

HE

HAS SHE SHE HAS WORKED AS TEACHER SINCE 1990

IT SHE HAD WORKED AS TEACHER SINCE 1990

QUESTION

PRESENT

HAVE YOU VISITED THE NATIONAL MUSEUM?

SHORT ANSWER LONG ANSWER

YES, I HAVE YES, I HAVE VISITED THE NATIONAL MUSEUM

PAST

HAD HE GONE TO CANADA?

SHORT ANSWER LONG ANSWER

YES, HE HAD YES, HE HAD GONE TO CANADA

NEGATIVE

HAVE HAVE NOT HAVEN´T

HAS HAS NOT HASN`T

HAD HAD NOT HADN`T

I HAVEN`T BEEN IN USA

I HADN`T EATEN PIZZA BEFORE

Exercises

Write sentences in present perfect

We reach our goals. _______________________________________________________________

Our team loses the match. ______________________________________________________

They discover the treasure. _______________________________________________________

The teacher buys a house. ______________________________________________________

He rescues the girl. ______________________________________________________________

Write the sentences in past perfect

She bought a new computer._________________________________________________________

He taught English to me. ____________________________________________________________

They robbed the bank. _____________________________________________________________

We presented the test. __________________________________________________________

I had lunch with my friend. __________________________________________________________

Write question in present or past perfect

They had seen the movie three times. _________________________________________________

You have finished you homework. ____________________________________________________

She has studied in USA since 2002. ____________________________________________________

It had been two days without see you. _________________________________________________

Write what you have done in the past 2 weeks.

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FUTURE – WILL / GOING TO

Will is used to express intentions for the future that are unplanned.(prediction, assumption;
spontaneous action)

Going to is used to express planned situations for the future (planned action in the future;
logical consequence (sth. is going to happen)

If someone asked you to go with him to a concert and you say yes, the answer would be:

Janeth: Do you want to come with me to the concert?

George: Of course, I will.

When you tell someone about your plan with Janeth, you say:

George: Hey Paul, I am going to go to the concert with Janeth.

EXAMPLE
I AM GOING TO THE CONCERT
I
HE SWIM
YOU
SHE IS GOING TO TALK TO YOU
HE
IT MY HOUSE
WILL SHE
YOU MAKE DINNER
IT
WE ARE GOING TO HAVE A PARTY
WE
THEY STUDY FOR THE EXAM
THEY

QUESTION

WILL YOU DANCE TONIGHT? NEGATIVE

SHORT ANSWER SHORT ANSWER

YES, I WILL NO, I WILL NOT (WON`T)

LONG ANSWER LONG ANSWER

YES, I WILL DANCE TONIGHT NO, I WILL NOT (WON`T) DANCE TONIGHT

QUESTION

IS SHE GOING TO THE CONCERT WITH YOU? NEGATIVE

SHORT ANSWER SHORT ANSWER

YES, SHE IS YES, SHE IS GOING TO GO TO THE CONCERT WITH ME

SHORT ANSWER LONG ANSWER

NO, SHE ISN`T NO, SHE ISN´T GOING TO GO TO THE CONCERT WITH ME

EXERCISE

Put the verbs in the blanks. Use will or going to

Philip ______________(to be) 15 next Wednesday

They _______________ (to get) a new computer

I think my mother _________________ (to like) this CD

Paul`s sister ____________ (to have) a baby

They ___________ (to arrive) at about 4 in the afternoon

Just a moment, I ______________(to help) you with the bags

In 2020 the cars ____________ (to fly)

Marvin _____________(to have) a party next week

We ________________ (to travel) to Venice in June

Look at the clouds. It ______________ (to rain) soon

Complete the dialogues using will or going to depending on the context.

1. A: I've got a terrible headache.

B: Do you? Wait here and I (get) you some aspirin.

2. A: Why are you filling that bucket with water?

B: I (wash) the car.

3. A: I've decided to repaint this room.

B: Oh, you have? What color (you/paint) it?

4. A: Look! There's smoke coming out of that house. It's on fire!

B: Oh no! I (call) the fire department right away.

5. A: The ceiling in this room doesn't look very safe, does it?

B: No, it looks as if it (fall) down.

6. A: Where are you going? Are you going shopping?

 B: Yes, I (buy) something for dinner.

7. A: I can't figure out how to use this camera.

B: It's easy. I (show) you.

8. A: What would you like to have: coffee or tea?

B: I (have) coffee, please.

PASSIVE VOICE

The passive voice is used as another way of communication.

TENSE SUBJECT VERB OBJECT

SIMPLE PRESENT ACTIVE Rita Writes A letter

PASSIVE A letter Is written By Rita

PAST SIMPLE ACTIVE Rita Wrote A letter

PASSIVE A letter Was written By Rita

PRESENT ACTIVE Rita Is writing A letter

PRGRESSIVE PASSIVE A letter is being written By Rita

PAST ACTIVE Rita Was writing A letter

PROGRESSIVE PASSIVE A letter Was being written By Rita

PRESENT ACTIVE Rita Has written A letter

PERFECT PASSIVE A letter Has been written By Rita

PAST ACTIVE Rita Had written A letter

PERFECT PASSIVE A letter Had been written By Rita

FUTURE ACTIVE Rita Will write A letter

PASSIVE A letter Will be written By Rita

EXERCISES

Complete theses sentences in present active form into passive voice.

a. He opens the door __________________________________________________________
b. They draw a picture _____________________________________________________
c. We read the book ______________________________________________________

Complete theses sentences in past active form into passive voice.

a. I sang a song __________________________________________________________
b. We stopped the bus ____________________________________________________
c. She ate a hamburger ____________________________________________________

Complete theses sentences in present progressive active form into passive voice.
a. Many people is presenting the test._________________________________________
b. Janeth is making her bed _________________________________________________
c. They are studying French ________________________________________________
Complete these sentences in past progressive active form into passive voice.
a. We were planting a tree _________________________________________________
b. She was cooking spaghetti ________________________________________________
c. You were watching TV ___________________________________________________
Complete these sentences in present perfect active form into passive voice.
a. George has sent a letter to Candy ___________________________________________
b. You have visited your grandma _____________________________________________
c. They have build a castle _________________________________________________

Complete these sentences in past perfect active form into passive voice.
a. They had paid the bill ___________________________________________________
b. She had taken the bus ___________________________________________________
c. We had sent the documents ______________________________________________

Complete these sentences in future active form into passive voice.

a. Steven had brought a gift for you ______________________________________________
b. Harold had driven the car _________________________________________________
c. We had seen the movie twice _________________________________________________

WRITE THE SNTNECES THAT ARE MISSING IN THE CHART.

ACTIVE VOICE PASSIVE VOICE

I WILL VISIT MEXICO NEXT YEAR

THEY WRITE AN ESSAY FOR THE ENGLISH CLASS

SHE IS DRAWING A PICTURE FOR YOU

HE HAD DRUNK TOO MUCH BEER

WE PRESENTED THE NEW SHOW ON MONDAY

YOU HAVE FINISHED YOUR HOMEWORK

CAROLINE WAS PRINTING THE DOCUMENT

Complete your own chart with your own sentences.

ACTIVE VOICE PASSIVE VOICE

First conditional: Put the verbs in brackets into the gaps. Form a Conditional sentence - type I. Only
use the will-future in the main clauses.

Example: If I __ (to go) to the cinema, I ________ (to watch) an interesting film.
Answer: If I go to the cinema, I will watch an interesting film.

1) If I (to study), I (to pass) the exams.

2) If the sun (to shine), we (to walk) to the town.

3) If he (to have) a temperature, he (to see) the doctor.

4) If my friends (to come), I (to be) very happy.

5) If she (to earn) a lot of money, she (to fly) to New York.

Second conditional: Put the verbs in brackets into the gaps. Form a Conditional sentence - type II.

Example: If I __ (to go) to the cinema, I ________ (to watch) an interesting film.

Answer: If I went to the cinema, I would watch an interesting film.

1) If I ______________ (to come) home earlier, I _______________(to prepare) dinner.

2) If we _____________________(to live) in Rome, Francesco _______________(to visit) us.

3) If Tim and Tom _________________ (to be) older, they ___________(to play) in our hockey
team.

4) If he _______________ (to be) my friend, I_______________ (to invite) him to my birthday party.

5) If Susan ________________(to study) harder, she_______________ (to be) better at school.