Test data & condition monitoring

1 General information

SPM measurements GA30+-90

Printed Matter Number : 2946 1633 00

Applicable to : GA30+-90 compressors (2012)

Preliminary Operations: : –

Safety Instructions : General

Persons Required : 1

Special Tools : –

Consumables : –

2 Document overview

This document describes the following:

1 General information............................................................................................................................................................ 1

2 Document overview............................................................................................................................................................ 1

3 Safety first .......................................................................................................................................................................... 2

4 Scope ................................................................................................................................................................................. 3

5 General .............................................................................................................................................................................. 3

5.1 Input data (initial value, dBi):...................................................................................................................................... 3

5.2 Evaluation (according to SPM guidelines): ................................................................................................................ 4

6 Calculation of the dBi-value ............................................................................................................................................... 4

7 Evaluation & analysis of SPM measurements.................................................................................................................... 5

8 Instruction drawings ........................................................................................................................................................... 6

8.1 GA30+, GA37 & GA45 ............................................................................................................................................... 6

8.2 GA37+, GA45+, GA37 VSD & GA45 VSD ................................................................................................................. 7

8.3 GA55, GA75 & GA55 VSD ........................................................................................................................................ 8

8.4 GA55+, GA75+, GA90, GA75 VSD & GA90 VSD ...................................................................................................... 9

9 Calculation of data not mentioned on the datasheet ........................................................................................................ 10

10 Nomenclature .......................................................................................................................................................... 10

11 Appendix: dBi-values for GA30+-90 (2012) ............................................................................................................. 11

11.1 GA30+, GA37 & GA45 ............................................................................................................................................. 11

11.2 GA37+, GA45+, GA37 VSD & GA45 VSD ............................................................................................................... 13

11.3 GA55, GA75 & GA55 VSD ...................................................................................................................................... 15

11.4 GA55+, GA75+, GA90, GA75 VSD & GA90 VSD .................................................................................................... 17

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3 Safety first

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4 Scope

This document is a general SPM instruction for the following GA units:

• GA30+, GA37 & GA45

• GA37+, GA45+, GA37 VSD & GA45 VSD

• GA55, GA75 & GA55 VSD

• GA55+, GA75+, GA90, GA75 VSD & GA90 VSD

5 General

The Shock Pulse Method (SPM) was developed by SPM Instrument AB in Sweden. Its exclusive purpose was - and still is -
to monitor the operating condition of rolling bearings, to get advanced warning of developing bearing damage and enable
planned bearing replacements with a minimum of downtime and risk for machine failure. Over the years, the method was
refined to evaluate the lubrication condition of undamaged bearings, so that the user can not only detect existing damage on
rollers and raceways but prevent the most common cause of early bearing failures by optimising bearing lubrication in any
given application.

Throughout their lifetime, bearings generate shocks in the interface between the loaded rolling element and the inner and
outer raceway. These shocks 'ring' the SPM transducer which outputs electric pulses proportional to the shock magnitude.

A shock pulse pattern is a sequence of either random or rhythmical strong pulses (dBm level) above a carpet of very rapid
weaker pulses (dBc level). You have to be aware of:

• the dBm value

• the difference between dBm and dBc

Shock pulse amplitude is due to three basic factors:

• Rolling velocity (bearing size and rpm)

• Oil film thickness (separation between the metal surfaces in the rolling interface). The oil film depends on lubricant supply
and also on alignment and pre-load.

• The mechanical state of the bearing surfaces (roughness, stress, damage, loose metal particle).

5.1 Input data (initial value, dBi):

The effect of rolling velocity on the signal is neutralized by giving rpm and shaft diameter as input data, with 'reasonable
accuracy'. This sets an initial value (dBi), the start of the ´normalized' condition scale.

Before every single measurement the correct dBi-value has to be introduced in the measurement device.

The carpet (dBc) and maximum (dBm) shock pulse levels are measured during FULL Load operation (max. effective working
pressure) and for VSD's, these values are given by maximum speed. For VSD’s it is always preferable to measure at
maximum speed, but if not possible in the application to run at maximum speed, a speed should be selected that is
reproducible in time in order to enable follow-up of SPM levels at selected speed. The conditions during the
measurement should be stable.

To eliminate possible errors due to mis-positioning of the transducer, adapters are installed permanently at the
measurement points. When doing SPM measurements, the measurement device (transducer) should be positioned on the
adapter by means of a quick-connector.

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5.2 Evaluation (according to SPM guidelines):

The initial value and the range of the three condition zones (green - yellow - red) was empirically established by testing
bearings under variable operating conditions. The maximum value places the bearing into the condition zone. The height of
the carpet value dBc and delta (dBm minus dBc) allows refined bearing condition analysis and indicate lubrication quality or
problems with bearing installation and alignment.

Example of a shock pulse measurement in the figure below:

Shock pulse measurement s, dBm/ dBc

It should be noted that the real measured value is actually a dBsv value, which is normalised afterwards by subtracting the
corresponding dBi-value afterwards: dBn = dBsv – dBi.

Furthermore, it might be that measured SPM values on a new machine are lying in the yellow zone from the beginning, while
the machine is operating normally. This again shows that SPM measurements are a tool to follow-up bearing conditions
rather than judging based on separate measured values.

6 Calculation of the dBi-value

dBi = 20 ⋅ log(n) + 12.5 ⋅ log(d) - 67.5

• [dBi]= dB: a norm value for bearings of the same kind, this is the value for a "perfect" bearing

• [n]= rpm: shaft speed

• [d]= mm: diameter of the bearing

The dBi values for the different machines are listed in the tables on the appendix.

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7 Evaluation & analysis of SPM measurements

For new units: never decide on the operating condition based on one single measurement. Instead make at least 3
measurements for each SPM point every 1000hrs or 2 months to determine an average "base line dBm and dBc" level. In
case the first measurement is more than 15dB above the "normal dBm" values, confirm the high level after a shorter interval
(500hrs/1 month).

When the baseline dBm and dBc values are determined: as long as the measured dBm levels do not exceed the "normal
dBm" (base line dBm / dBc) values by more than 15dB ("ATTENTION"), the operating condition is to be considered as
acceptable and measurement intervals may be kept at the maximum possible: 2000hrs or 3 months, whatever comes first.

dBm levels exceeding the "normal dBm" values by more than 15dB might indicate light but visible bearing wear. Shorten
measurement intervals to 500hrs/1 month.

dBm levels exceeding the "normal dBm" values by more than 25dB indicate developed bearing wear. Prepare overhaul.

It is recommended to exchange the element as soon as measured dBm levels reach 30dB above "normal dBm" value. This
is the "ALARM" level.

When the dBc value increases, while the dBm value is almost constant, the lubrication of the bearings is getting worse,
either quality of lubricant or amount of lubricant.

Notes:

• In case the list with dBi values is not on hand, measurements can still be done (and are useful) by setting dBi = 0 dB. In this case the
absolute shock pulse value is measured and the normalised value can be derived from the measurement by subtracting the correct dBi
value from the measured absolute shock pulse level.
e.g.: dBm = 50 dBsv (measured with dBi = 0 dB) => dBm = 30 dBn (normalised) when dBi = 20 dB

• Also in case wrong dBi value is set when doing the measurement, the measurement is not lost. The correct normalised value can be
derived from the measurement by adding the wrongly set dBi value and then subtracting the correct dBi value.
e.g.: dBm = 30 dBsv (measured with dBi = 10 dB) => dBm = 20 dBn (correct normalised level) when correct dBi =20 dB

• It is advised to do the first SPM measurement at start-up of the machine.

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8 Instruction drawings

8.1 GA30+, GA37 & GA45

The localisation of the SPM-nipples, is shown on figure 1 – instruction 9820 9818 00 below. SPM-nipples are placed on the
MNDS, MDS, MIBH and MOBH.
Figure 1: instruction 9820 9818 00

Remarks:

• dBc, dBm and dBi values are attached in appendix.

• The condition of the FIBH and FOBH can be evaluated based on the dBi measurements of MIBH and MOBH.

• MNDS: The SPM hole is foreseen in the motor. SPM nipple 1619 6032 00 should be used for measurements.

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8.2 GA37+, GA45+, GA37 VSD & GA45 VSD

The localisation of the SPM-nipples, is shown on figure 2 - instruction 9820 9818 01 below. SPM-nipples are placed on the
MNDS, MDS, MIBH and MOBH.
Figure 2: instruction 9820 9818 01

Remarks:

• dBc, dBm and dBi values are attached in appendix.

• The condition of the FIBH and FOBH can be evaluated based on the dBi measurements of MIBH and MOBH.

• MNDS: The SPM hole is foreseen in the motor. SPM nipple 1619 6032 00 should be used for measurements.

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8.3 GA55, GA75 & GA55 VSD

The localisation of the SPM-nipples, is shown on figure 3 - instruction 9820 9819 00 below. SPM-nipples are placed on the
MNDS, MDS, MIBH and MOBH.
Figure 3: instruction 9820 9819 00

Remarks:

• dBc, dBm and dBi values are attached in appendix.

• The condition of the FIBH and FOBH can be evaluated based on the dBi measurements of MIBH and MOBH.

• MNDS: The SPM hole is foreseen in the motor. SPM nipple 1619 6032 05 should be used for measurements.

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8.4 GA55+, GA75+, GA90, GA75 VSD & GA90 VSD

The localisation of the SPM-nipples, is shown on figure 4 – instruction 9820 9817 00 below. SPM-nipples are placed on the
MNDS, MDS, MIBH, MOBH, FIBH and FOBH.
Figure 4: instruction 9820 9817 00

Remarks:

• dBc, dBm and dBi values are attached in appendix.

• MNDS: The SPM hole is foreseen in the motor. SPM nipple 1619 6032 05 should be used for measurements.

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9 Calculation of data not mentioned on the datasheet

For VSD's, data for other element speeds can be interpolated to obtain an “indicative” value (*). Also for other pressures,
interpolation can be used to get an “indicative” value (*).

 dBx 2 − dBx 1 
dBx =   ⋅ (Rpm − Rpm1 ) + dBx 1
 Rpm 2 − Rpm1 

• Rpm1,2: Given motor speed on the datasheet

• Rpm: at which motor speed the dB-value must be calculated, this value should be lying between Rpm1 and Rpm2

• dBx1,2: the dB-value at respective motor speed (dBm or dBc)

• dBx: the wanted dB-value at a certain motor speed, Rpm

 dBx 2 − dBx 1 
dBx =   ⋅ (Pr essure − Pr essure1 ) + dBx 1
 Pr essure 2 − Pr essure1 

• Pressure1,2: Given pressure on the datasheet

• Pressure: at which pressure the dB-value must be calculated, this value should be lying between Pressure1 and
Pressure2

(*) Note: Relationship between speed or pressure and dB values is not linear and therefore using above equation will only give approximate
values. Therefore it is advised to measure SPM at full load operation as stated before and for VSD’s at full speed. Especially for
VSD’s, if customer installation does not allow to operate at full speed, it is advised to consult Atlas Copco.

10 Nomenclature

MNDS Motor non-drive side

MDS Motor drive side

MIBH Male inlet bearing housing

MOBH Male outlet bearing housing

FIBH Female inlet bearing housing

FOBH Female outlet bearing housing

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11 Appendix: dBi-values for GA30+-90 (2012)

11.1 GA30+, GA37 & GA45

Measurements are done on MNDS, MDS, MIBH and MOBH (see instruction 9820 9818 00 for SPM measurement locations).

MNDS MDS MIBH MOBH FIBH FOBH

Machine type
dBi dBi dBi dBi dBi dBi

Pressure
Machine
(bar)

GA30+ 7 24,1 23,7 26,6 25,9 21,6 22,4

GA30+ 8 24,1 23,7 25,9 25,2 20,8 21,6

GA30+ 9,5 24,1 23,7 25,1 24,4 20,1 20,9

GA30+ 12,5 24,1 23,7 24,0 23,2 18,9 19,7

GA37 7 24,1 23,7 28,0 27,2 22,9 23,7

GA37 8 24,1 23,7 27,4 26,6 22,3 23,1

GA37 9,5 24,1 23,7 26,9 26,2 21,8 22,7

GA37 12,5 24,1 23,7 25,1 24,4 20,1 20,9

GA45 7 24,1 23,7 29,5 28,8 24,4 25,2

GA45 8 24,1 23,7 28,9 28,2 23,8 24,6

GA45 9,5 24,1 23,7 28,3 27,5 23,2 24,0

GA45 12,5 24,1 23,7 27,2 26,5 22,1 23,0

GA30+ HAV 7 24,1 23,7 26,1 25,3 21,0 21,8

GA30+ HAV 8 24,1 23,7 25,1 24,4 20,1 20,9

GA30+ HAV 9,5 24,1 23,7 24,6 23,8 19,5 20,3

GA30+ HAV 12,5 24,1 23,7 23,2 22,4 18,1 18,9

GA37 HAV 7 24,1 23,7 27,4 26,6 22,3 23,1

GA37 HAV 8 24,1 23,7 26,7 26,0 21,6 22,4

GA37 HAV 9,5 24,1 23,7 26,3 25,6 21,2 22,1

GA37 HAV 12,5 24,1 23,7 24,3 23,6 19,2 20,1

GA45 HAV 7 24,1 23,7 28,9 28,2 23,8 24,6

GA45 HAV 8 24,1 23,7 28,3 27,5 23,2 24,0

GA45 HAV 9,5 24,1 23,7 27,7 26,9 22,6 23,4

GA45 HAV 12,5 24,1 23,7 26,6 25,9 21,6 22,4

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MNDS MDS MIBH MOBH FIBH FOBH

Machine type
dBi dBi dBi dBi dBi dBi

Pressure
Machine
(psi)

GA30+ 100 25,8 25,3 26,8 26,0 21,7 22,5

GA30+ 125 25,8 25,3 26,0 25,2 20,9 21,7

GA30+ 150 25,8 25,3 25,2 24,4 20,1 20,9

GA30+ 175 25,8 25,3 19,7 19,0 14,6 15,4

GA37 100 25,8 25,3 28,4 27,7 23,3 24,1

GA37 125 25,8 25,3 27,5 26,8 22,4 23,3

GA37 150 25,8 25,3 26,6 25,9 21,5 22,3

GA37 175 25,8 25,3 25,8 25,1 20,7 21,5

GA45 100 25,8 25,3 29,6 28,9 24,5 25,3

GA45 125 25,8 25,3 29,0 28,3 23,9 24,7

GA45 150 25,8 25,3 28,4 27,7 23,3 24,1

GA45 175 25,8 25,3 27,4 26,7 22,3 23,2

GA30+ HAV 100 25,8 25,3 26,2 25,5 21,1 21,9

GA30+ HAV 125 25,8 25,3 25,2 24,4 20,1 20,9

GA30+ HAV 150 25,8 25,3 24,4 23,6 19,3 20,1

GA30+ HAV 175 25,8 25,3 23,6 22,8 18,5 19,3

GA37 HAV 100 25,8 25,3 27,7 27,0 22,6 23,4

GA37 HAV 125 25,8 25,3 26,8 26,0 21,7 22,5

GA37 HAV 150 25,8 25,3 26,0 25,2 20,9 21,7

GA37 HAV 175 25,8 25,3 25,2 24,4 20,1 20,9

GA45 HAV 100 25,8 25,3 29,0 28,3 23,9 24,7

GA45 HAV 125 25,8 25,3 28,4 27,7 23,3 24,1

GA45 HAV 150 25,8 25,3 27,7 27,0 22,6 23,4

GA45 HAV 175 25,8 25,3 26,8 26,0 21,7 22,5

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11.2 GA37+, GA45+, GA37 VSD & GA45 VSD

Measurements are done on MNDS, MDS, MIBH and MOBH (see instruction 9820 9818 01 for SPM measurement locations).

MNDS MDS MIBH MOBH FIBH FOBH

Machine type
dBi dBi dBi dBi dBi dBi

Pressure
Machine
(bar)

GA37+ 7 24,2 23,7 25,0 23,9 19,0 19,7

GA37+ 8 24,2 23,7 24,7 23,6 18,8 19,5

GA37+ 9,5 24,2 23,7 23,5 22,4 17,5 18,2

GA37+ 12,5 24,2 23,7 22,0 20,9 16,0 16,8

GA45+ 7 24,2 23,7 26,7 25,7 20,8 21,5

GA45+ 8 24,2 23,7 26,2 25,1 20,2 20,9

GA45+ 9,5 24,2 23,7 25,5 24,4 19,5 20,2

GA45+ 12,5 24,2 23,7 24,0 22,9 18,0 18,7

GA37+ HAV 7 24,2 23,7 24,2 23,1 18,3 19,0

GA37+ HAV 8 24,2 23,7 23,7 22,6 17,8 18,5

GA37+ HAV 9,5 24,2 23,7 22,7 21,6 16,8 17,5

GA37+ HAV 12,5 24,2 23,7 20,9 19,9 15,0 15,7

GA45+ HAV 7 24,2 23,7 26,0 24,9 20,0 20,8

GA45+ HAV 8 24,2 23,7 25,1 24,1 19,2 19,9

GA45+ HAV 9,5 24,2 23,7 24,7 23,6 18,8 19,5

GA45+ HAV 12,5 24,2 23,7 23,3 22,2 17,3 18,0

Pressure
Machine
(psi)

GA37+ 100 25,8 25,3 24,8 23,7 18,8 19,6

GA37+ 125 25,8 25,3 24,1 23,0 18,1 18,9

GA37+ 150 25,8 25,3 23,3 22,2 17,3 18,1

GA37+ 175 25,8 25,3 22,5 21,4 16,5 17,3

GA45+ 100 25,8 25,3 26,5 25,4 20,6 21,3

GA45+ 125 25,8 25,3 25,8 24,7 19,8 20,6

GA45+ 150 25,8 25,3 25,3 24,2 19,3 20,1

GA45+ 175 25,8 25,3 24,3 23,2 18,3 19,1

GA37+ HAV 100 25,8 25,3 24,1 23,0 18,1 18,8

GA37+ HAV 125 25,8 25,3 23,3 22,2 17,3 18,1

GA37+ HAV 150 25,8 25,3 22,5 21,4 16,5 17,3

GA37+ HAV 175 25,8 25,3 21,8 20,7 15,8 16,5

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MNDS MDS MIBH MOBH FIBH FOBH

Machine type
dBi dBi dBi dBi dBi dBi

Pressure
Machine
(psi)

GA45+ HAV 100 25,8 25,3 25,8 24,7 19,8 20,6

GA45+ HAV 125 25,8 25,3 25,1 24,0 19,1 19,8

GA45+ HAV 150 25,8 25,3 24,6 23,5 18,6 19,3

GA45+ HAV 175 25,8 25,3 23,6 22,5 17,6 18,3

VSD (at max speed)

GA37+ VSD 25,6 25,2 24,9 23,8 18,9 19,6

GA45+ VSD 25,6 25,2 24,9 23,8 18,9 19,6

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11.3 GA55, GA75 & GA55 VSD

Measurements are done on MNDS, MDS, MIBH and MOBH (see instruction 9820 9819 00 for SPM measurement locations).

MNDS MDS MIBH MOBH FIBH FOBH

Machine type
dBi dBi dBi dBi dBi dBi

Pressure
Machine
(bar)

GA55 7 25,4 24,6 27,8 26,7 21,8 22,5

GA55 8 25,4 24,6 27,3 26,2 21,3 22,0

GA55 9,5 25,4 24,6 26,7 25,6 20,7 21,4

GA55 12,5 25,4 24,6 25,5 24,4 19,5 20,2

GA75 7 25,4 24,6 30,3 29,2 24,3 25,1

GA75 8 25,4 24,6 29,8 28,7 23,8 24,5

GA75 9,5 25,4 24,6 28,8 27,7 22,9 23,6

GA75 12,5 25,4 24,6 27,8 26,7 21,8 22,5

GA55 HAV 7 25,4 24,6 26,7 25,7 20,8 21,5

GA55 HAV 8 25,4 24,6 26,4 25,4 20,5 21,2

GA55 HAV 9,5 25,4 24,6 26,0 24,9 20,0 20,8

GA55 HAV 12,5 25,4 24,6 24,7 23,6 18,8 19,5

GA75 HAV 7 25,4 24,6 28,8 27,7 22,9 23,6

GA75 HAV 8 25,4 24,6 28,8 27,7 22,9 23,6

GA75 HAV 9,5 25,4 24,6 27,8 26,7 21,8 22,5

GA75 HAV 12,5 25,4 24,6 26,7 25,7 20,8 21,5

Pressure
Machine
(psi)

GA55 100 27,0 26,2 28,0 26,9 22,0 22,8

GA55 125 27,0 26,2 27,0 25,9 21,1 21,8

GA55 150 27,0 26,2 26,3 25,2 20,3 21,1

GA55 175 27,0 26,2 25,6 24,5 19,6 20,3

GA75 100 27,0 26,2 30,4 29,3 24,4 25,2

GA75 125 27,0 26,2 29,3 28,3 23,4 24,1

GA75 150 27,0 26,2 28,8 27,7 22,9 23,6

GA75 175 27,0 26,2 28,0 26,9 22,0 22,8

GA55 HAV 100 27,0 26,2 27,2 26,2 21,3 22,0

GA55 HAV 125 27,0 26,2 26,3 25,2 20,3 21,1

GA55 HAV 150 27,0 26,2 25,6 24,5 19,6 20,3

GA55 HAV 175 27,0 26,2 24,8 23,7 18,8 19,6

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MNDS MDS MIBH MOBH FIBH FOBH

Machine type
dBi dBi dBi dBi dBi dBi

Pressure
Machine
(psi)

GA75 HAV 100 27,0 26,2 29,3 28,3 23,4 24,1

GA75 HAV 125 27,0 26,2 28,3 27,2 22,3 23,1

GA75 HAV 150 27,0 26,2 27,2 26,2 21,3 22,0

GA75 HAV 175 27,0 26,2 27,2 26,2 21,3 22,0

VSD (at max speed)

GA55 VSD 26,8 26,1 28,1 27,0 22,1 22,8

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11.4 GA55+, GA75+, GA90, GA75 VSD & GA90 VSD

Measurements are done on MNDS, MDS, MIBH, MOBH, FIBH and FOBH. (see instruction 9820 9817 00 for SPM
measurement locations).

MNDS MDS MIBH MOBH FIBH FOBH

Machine type
dBi dBi dBi dBi dBi dBi

Machine Pressure (bar)

GA55+ 7 25,4 24,6 20,7 22,5 17,2 18,2

GA55+ 8 25,4 24,6 20,3 22,1 16,7 17,7

GA55+ 9,5 25,4 24,6 19,4 21,2 15,9 16,9

GA75+ 7 25,4 24,6 23,2 25,0 19,7 20,7

GA75+ 8 25,4 24,6 22,8 24,6 19,2 20,2

GA75+ 9,5 25,4 24,6 21,8 23,7 18,3 19,3

GA75+ 12,5 25,4 24,6 20,5 22,3 17,0 18,0

GA90 7 25,4 24,6 24,3 26,1 20,8 21,8

GA90 8 25,4 24,6 24,1 26,0 20,6 21,6

GA90 9,5 25,4 24,6 23,2 25,0 19,7 20,7

GA90 12,5 25,4 24,6 22,1 23,9 18,6 19,6

GA55+ HAV 7 25,4 24,6 20,1 21,9 16,5 17,5

GA55+ HAV 8 25,4 24,6 19,4 21,2 15,9 16,9

GA55+ HAV 9,5 25,4 24,6 18,8 20,7 15,3 16,3

GA75+ HAV 7 25,4 24,6 22,3 24,1 18,8 19,8

GA75+ HAV 8 25,4 24,6 22,1 23,9 18,5 19,5

GA75+ HAV 9,5 25,4 24,6 20,9 22,7 17,4 18,4

GA75+ HAV 12,5 25,4 24,6 19,8 21,6 16,3 17,3

GA90 HAV 7 25,4 24,6 23,2 25,0 19,7 20,7

GA90 HAV 8 25,4 24,6 23,2 25,0 19,7 20,7

GA90 HAV 9,5 25,4 24,6 22,3 24,1 18,8 19,8

GA90 HAV 12,5 25,4 24,6 20,9 22,7 17,4 18,4

Machine Pressure (psi)

GA55+ 100 27,0 26,2 20,7 22,5 17,2 18,2

GA55+ 125 27,0 26,2 19,9 21,7 16,4 17,4

GA55+ 150 27,0 26,2 18,6 20,4 15,1 16,1

GA75+ 100 27,0 26,2 23,2 25,0 19,7 20,7

GA75+ 125 27,0 26,2 22,5 24,3 19,0 20,0

GA75+ 150 27,0 26,2 21,6 23,5 18,1 19,1

GA75+ 175 27,0 26,2 20,7 22,5 17,2 18,2

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MNDS MDS MIBH MOBH FIBH FOBH

Machine type
dBi dBi dBi dBi dBi dBi

Machine Pressure (psi)

GA90 100 27,0 26,2 24,6 26,4 21,0 22,0

GA90 125 27,0 26,2 23,9 25,7 20,4 21,3

GA90 150 27,0 26,2 23,2 25,0 19,7 20,7

GA90 175 27,0 26,2 22,5 24,3 19,0 20,0

GA55+ HAV 100 27,0 26,2 19,9 21,7 16,4 17,4

GA55+ HAV 125 27,0 26,2 19,1 20,9 15,6 16,6

GA75+ HAV 100 27,0 26,2 22,1 23,9 18,6 19,6

GA75+ HAV 125 27,0 26,2 21,4 23,2 17,8 18,8

GA75+ HAV 150 27,0 26,2 20,4 22,2 16,9 17,9

GA75+ HAV 175 27,0 26,2 19,9 21,7 16,4 17,4

GA90 HAV 100 27,0 26,2 23,9 25,7 20,4 21,3

GA90 HAV 125 27,0 26,2 23,0 24,8 19,4 20,4

GA90 HAV 150 27,0 26,2 22,3 24,1 18,8 19,8

GA90 HAV 175 27,0 26,2 21,4 23,2 17,8 18,8

VSD (at max speed)

GA75+ VSD 25,5 24,7 23,3 25,1 19,8 20,7

GA90 VSD 26,8 26,1 24,6 26,5 21,1 22,1

04/02/2013
PM 2946 1633 00 Page 18 of 18