Summary No.

2
8 PARTS OF SPEECH
Filología Inglesa

Jessica Santos | Marcela Castillo | Meliza Choc |

Pablo Castañaza | Pamela Sofía Cabrera

Group 1
 Noun
A noun is a word that names a person, place, thing, or idea.

Type of Noun Explanation Examples

Proper Noun Names a specific person, place, or thing. John, Paris, Eiffel Tower
Common Noun General name for a person, place, or thing. dog, city, book
Concrete Noun Refers to physical objects and things that can be sensed. table, flower, car
Abstract Noun Represents ideas, emotions, qualities, or concepts. love, happiness, freedom
Collective Noun Refers to a group of people or things as a single entity. team, herd, family
Countable Noun Can be counted and have both singular and plural forms. apple, cat, book
Uncountable Noun Cannot be counted and only have a singular form. water, knowledge, sugar
Possessive Noun Shows ownership or relationship with another noun. John's car, dog's tail

Pronoun
A pronoun is a word used to take the place of a noun to avoid repetition.

Type of Pronoun Explanation Examples

Refers to specific persons or things and can
Personal Pronoun take the place of a noun. I, you, he, she, it, we, they
Possessive Shows ownership or possession and also mine, yours, his, hers, its, ours,
Pronoun replaces a noun. theirs
Demonstrative
Pronoun Points to a specific person, place, or thing. this, that, these, those
Interrogative Used to ask questions and inquire about
Pronoun people or things. who, whom, what, which, whose
Introduces a dependent clause and connects
it to the main clause, often relating to a
Relative Pronoun noun. who, whom, whose, which, that
myself, yourself, himself, herself,
Reflects the action back to the subject of the itself, ourselves, yourselves,
Reflexive Pronoun sentence. themselves
myself, yourself, himself, herself,
Emphasizes a preceding noun or pronoun in itself, ourselves, yourselves,
Intensive Pronoun a sentence. themselves
Indefinite Refers to nonspecific people, places, or anyone, something, nobody,
Pronoun things. everybody, many, few
 Verb
A verb is a word that expresses an action, occurrence, or state of being.

Type of Verb Explanation Examples

Action Verb Expresses an action performed by the subject. run, jump, sing, write
Connects the subject to its complement, describing a state of be (am, is, are), seem,
Linking Verb being or condition. become
Assists the main verb to create verb phrases, expressing tense,
Helping Verb mood, or voice. is, have, can, will
Shows ability, possibility, permission, necessity, or another
Modal Verb modality. can, may, should, must
Transitive
Verb Requires a direct object to complete its meaning. He ate the apple.
Intransitive
Verb Does not require a direct object to complete its meaning. She slept peacefully.
Forms its past tense and past participle by adding "-ed" to the
Regular Verb base form. talked, played, jumped
Forms its past tense and past participle in irregular ways, not go (went, gone), eat (ate,
Irregular Verb following "-ed" pattern. eaten)

Adjective
An adjective is a word that describes or modifies a noun or pronoun. Help us to paint a more
vivid picture of the nouns they modify.

Type of Adjective Explanation Examples

Descriptive Provides characteristics and qualities of nouns,
Adjective answering questions like "What kind?" happy, blue, tall, clever
Demonstrative Points out specific nouns, indicating proximity or
Adjective distance. this, that, these, those
my, your, his, her, its,
Possessive Adjective Shows ownership or possession, modifying nouns. our, their
Quantitative
Adjective Indicates the quantity or how much of a noun. one, few, many, several
Interrogative
Adjective Used to ask questions about nouns. which, what, whose
Comparative Compares the qualities of two nouns, usually using "-er" bigger, more
Adjective or "more". interesting, taller
Superlative Shows the highest degree of comparison, usually using biggest, most
Adjective "-est" or "most". interesting, tallest
 Adverb
An adverb is a word that modifies a verb, adjective, or another adverb, providing information
about time, manner, place, or degree. Help us to provide a clearer picture of the action or
situation.

Type of Adverb Explanation Examples

Adverbs of Describe how an action is performed or the manner in quickly, carefully,
Manner which something happens. happily
Indicate when an action takes place or the frequency of the
Adverbs of Time action. today, always, soon
here, there,
Adverbs of Place Show where an action occurs or the location of something. everywhere
Adverbs of Modify adjectives, verbs, or other adverbs, expressing the very, too, quite,
Degree intensity or extent of the action. almost
Adverbs of often, rarely, always,
Frequency Indicate how often an action happens. never
Adverbs of certainly, maybe,
Certainty Express the level of certainty or truthfulness of a statement. probably
Interrogative Used to ask questions about the manner, time, place, or how, when, where,
Adverbs frequency of an action. how often
Introduce relative clauses and describe the place, time, or
Relative Adverbs reason of the main clause. where, when, why

Preposition
A preposition is a word that shows the relationship between a noun or pronoun and other
words in the sentence. They often indicate location, direction, time, or other relationships,
helping to clarify the meaning of the sentence.

Type of
Preposition Explanation Examples
Simple Shows the relationship between its object and another
Preposition word in the sentence. in, on, under, besides, by
Compound Consists of two or more words and also shows the according to, in front of,
Preposition relationship between its object and another word. due to
Prepositional A group of words that begins with a preposition and on the table, in the park,
Phrase includes its object and any modifiers. under the bridge
 Conjunction
A conjunction is a word used to connect words, phrases, or clauses to create coherence in
writing, making the overall meaning of the sentence or text clear to the reader.

Type of
Conjunction Explanation Examples
Coordinating Connects words, phrases, or independent clauses of and, but, or, nor, for, so,
Conjunction equal importance. yet
Introduces a subordinate clause and shows the
Subordinating relationship between the main clause and the because, although, while,
Conjunction subordinate clause. since if
Correlative Work in pairs to connect words, phrases, or clauses with either...or, neither...nor,
Conjunction similar grammatical structures. both...and
Conjunctive Act as adverbs and connect sentences or independent however, therefore,
Adverbs clauses, indicating relationships or transitions. meanwhile, moreover

Interjection
An interjection is a word or phrase used to express strong emotion or surprise in a conversation
or written text. It often stands alone or appears at the beginning of a sentence and is followed
by an exclamation mark. They are often spontaneous and help to convey the speaker's
immediate reactions or feelings.

Type of
Interjection Explanation Examples
Exclamatory Expresses strong emotions, feelings, or reactions and ends with Wow!, Ouch!,
Interjection an exclamation mark. Bravo!
Greeting
Interjection Used to greet someone or acknowledge their presence. Hello!, Hi!, Hey!
Farewell Goodbye!,
Interjection Used to say goodbye or bid farewell to someone. Farewell!, Adieu!
Expressive Conveys brief sounds or non-lexical utterances to show feelings
Interjection or reactions, often without specific meanings. Huh?, Hmm, Ah, Eh