LABOR RELATIONS

Class Policy and Syllabus

Atty. G.M. E. Jimeno

CLASS POLICIES:

1. Attendance is a very significant factor in this subject and will be checked every
meeting
2. Students who are called to recite but are absent/disconnected shall get a grade of
65.
3. Students who missed a quiz will get a grade of 60.
4. Students are prohibited from recording in whatever form the online class as this is
a violation of the intellectual property rights of the Professor.
5. Students must be observe proper online class etiquette.
6. Students must always remain on online live video feed, during class, reverting to
still pictures or virtual background pictures is prohibited.

SUGGESTED REFERENCES:

CHAN, Joselito G., Labor Code Annotated Vol. I Labor Standards and Welfare
AND Vol. II Labor Relations and Termination of Employment
AZUCENA, Cesar Alverio, Jr, THE LABOR CODE WITH COMMENTS AND
CASES VOL. I AND VOL. II-A Labor Relations and Employment Termination
ABAD and ABAD. Compendium on Labor Law

SYLLABUS

A. RIGHT TO SELF-ORGANIZATION
1. Who may unionize for purposes of collective bargaining
(a) Who cannot form, join or assist labor organizations

2. Bargaining unit
a. Test to determine the constituency of an appropriate bargaining unit
What are the four tests to determine the appropriate bargaining unit?

 Community or mutuality of interest doctrine;

St. James School of Quezon City v. Samahang Manggagawa sa
St. James School of Quezon City, G.R. No. 151326, Nov. 23,
2005

 Globe doctrine or will of the members;

Globe Machine and Stamping Co.; International School Alliance
of Educators [ISAE] v. Quisumbing, G.R. No. 128845, June 1,
2000

 Collective bargaining history doctrine; and

National Association of Free Trade Unions v. Mainit Lumber
Development Company Workers Union, G.R. No. 79526,
December 21, 1990

 Employment doctrine status

Philippine Land-Air-Sea Labor Union v. CIR, G.R. No. 14656,
Nov. 29, 1960

b. Voluntary Recognition
c. Certification Election

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  General rule
 Bar rules (Kampil-Katipunan v. Trajano)
 in an unorganized establishment
 in an organized establishment

d. Run-off election
e. Re-run election
f. Consent election
g. Affiliation in and disaffiliation of the local union from the mother union
 Affiliation
 Disaffiliation
h. Substitutionary Doctrine
i. Union dues and special assessments
 Requirements for validity
j. Agency fees
 Requisites for assessment
B. RIGHT TO COLLECTIVE BARGAINING

1. Duty to bargain collectively; concept; freedom period; automatic renewal clause; Kiok
Loy Doctrine (Kiok Loy v NLRC, G.R. No. L-54334, January 22, 1986, 141 SCRA
179,188)
Situations contemplated
 In the absence of CBA
 When there is an existing CBA

2. Collective bargaining agreement

 CBA
 Requisites
 Principles on CBA

a. Mandatory provisions of CBA

1. Grievance procedure
2. Voluntary arbitration
3. No strike-no lockout clause
4. Labor management council (Citrek Employees Labor Union-Federation of
Free Workers v. Cirtek Electronics, Inc.)

a. Duration of CBA (Rivera v. Espiritu, G.R. No. 135547, Jan 23, 2002)
1. For economic provisions
2. For non-economic provisions
3. Freedom period

3. Union security (Cariño v. NLRC, G.R. No. 91086, May 8, 1990, 185 SCRA 177)
a. Union security clauses; closed shop, union shop, maintenance of membership
shop, etc.
b. Check-off; union dues, agency fees

4. Unfair labor practice in collective bargaining (General Milling Corporation v. CA, G.R.
No. 146728, Feb. 11, 2004; Colegio de San Juan de Letran v. Association of Employees
and Faculty of Letran, G.R. No. 141471, September 18, 2000; Philippine Diamond Hotel
and Resort, Inc. v. Manila Diamond Hotel Employees Union, G.R. No. 158075, June 30,
2006)

a. Bargaining in bad faith

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 b. Refusal to bargain
c. Individual bargaining
d. Blue sky bargaining
e. Surface bargaining

5. Unfair labor practice

a) Nature of ULP

b) ULP of employers – Art. 259 (Insular Life Assurance Co. Ltd., Employees
Association-NATU v. Insular Life Assurance Co., Ltd., G.R. Nos. L-25291, Jan. 30,
1971, 37 SCRA 244; Hacienda Fatima v. National Federation of Sugarcane
Workers – Food and General Trade, G.R. No. 149440, Jan. 28, 2003)

 Interference with restraint or coercion of employees in the exercise of their right

to self-organization
 Yellow dog contract
 Contracting out of services and functions
 Company union
 Discrimination
 Filing of charges or giving of testimony
 CBA-related ULPs; payment of negotiation and attorney’s fees; violation of the
CBA

c) ULP of labor organizations – Art. 260

 restraint and coercion of employees in the exercise of their right to
self-organization
 discrimination
 duty of union to bargain collectively
 Anti-featherbedding doctrine
 demand or acceptance of negotiation fees or attorney’s fees
 violation of the CBA
 criminal liability for ULPs of labor organization

C. RIGHT TO PEACEFUL CONCERTED ACTIVITIES

1. Forms of concerted activities – Strikes, Pickets, and Lockouts (Labor Code, Art.
278; Omnibus Rules Implementing the Labor Code, Book V, Rule XIII)

2. Who may declare a strike or lockout?

3. Requisites for a valid strike (Capitol Medical Medical Center, Inc. v NLRC;
Phimco Industries, Inc. v. Phimco Industries Labor Association)

4. Requisites for a valid lockout

5. Requisites for lawful picketing (Phimco Industries, Inc. v. Phimco Industries

Labor Association, G.R. No. 170830, August 11, 2010; Santa Rosa Coca-Cola Plant
Employees Union v. Coca-Cola Bottlers Phils., Inc. G.R. Nos. 164302-03, Jan. 24, 2007;
Leyte Geothermal Power Progressive Employees Union-ALU-TUCP v. Philippine
National Oil Company-Energy Development Corporation, G.R. No. 170351, March 20,
2011)

6. Assumption of jurisdiction by the DOLE Secretary or Certification of the labor

dispute to the NLRC for compulsory arbitration

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 7. Nature of assumption order or certification order

8. Effect of defiance of assumption or certification orders (University of San Agustin

Employees’ Union-FFW v. The CAS, G.R. No. 169632, March 28, 2006; Federation of
Free Workers v. Inciong, G.R. No. L-49983, April 20, 1992)

9. Illegal strike (Toyota Motor Phils. Corp. Workers Association [TMPCWA] v

NLRC, G.R. Nos. 158786-89, October 19, 2007; Solidbank Corporation v. Gamier, G.R.
No. 150460, November 15, 2010)
a) Liability of union officers
b) Liability of ordinary workers
c) Liability of employer (Arellano University Employees and Workers Union
v. CA, G.R. No. 139940, September 19, 2006)
d) Waiver of illegality of strike (Citizen’s Labor Union v. Standard Vacuum
Oil Co., G.R. No.L-7478, May 6, 1955)

10. Injunctions (San Miguel Corporation v. NLRC, G.R. No. 119293, June 10,
2023; San Miguel v NLRC, G.R. No. 99286, March 2, 1999)
a) Requisites for labor injunctions
b) “Innocent bystander rule”

D. Assumption of jurisdiction by Secretary of Labor and Employment

1. Industry indispensable to the national interest
2. Effects of assumption of jurisdiction

E. Telecommuting Act (RA 11165)

1. Definition [Sec. 3]
2. Telecommuting Program [Sec. 4]
3. Fair Treatment [Sec. 5]

Procedure and Jurisdiction

(Santiago v. CF Sharp Crew Management, Inc., G.R. 162419; Medline Management, Inc.
v Roslinda, G.R. No. 168715, September 15, 2010; Bright Maritime Corporation v.
Fantonial, G.R. No. 165935)

A. Labor Arbiter
1. Jurisdiction – Labor Code, Arts. 124 and 224; R.A. No. 8042, as
amended by R.A. No. 10022, Sec. 10; 2011 NLRC Rules of
Procedure, as amended Rule V, Sec. 1
2. Mode of Appeal to the NLRC (2011 NLRC Rules of Procedure, as
amended, Rule VI)
3. Reinstatement and/or Execution Pending Appeal (Labor Code,
Art.229; 2011 NLRC Rules of Procedure, as amended, Rule IX, Sec.
12)
4.
(Meteoro v. Creative Creatures, Inc., G.R. No. 171275, June 13, 2009; Tabigue v.
International Copra Export Corporation, G.R. No. 13335, December 23, 2009;
Hotel Employees Union-NFL v. Waterfront Insular Davao, G.R. Nos. 174040-41,
September 22, 2010)
 Nature

 Exception to original and exclusive

 Rundown of all cases falling under the jurisdiction of Las

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 a. Article 217 of LC
b. Article 124 of LC, as amended by R.A. No 6727
c. Article 128 of LC , (b) as amended by R.A. No 6727
d. Article 277 of LC
e. Article 262-A of LC
f. Section 10 of R.A. No. 8042, as amended by R.A. No. 10022
g. Other cases as may be provided by law

1. Jurisdiction over
a. ULP
b. Illegal dismissal cases
c. Over money claims
d. Claims for damages
e. Legality of strikes and lockouts
f. Jurisdictional interplay in strike or lockout cases
g. Jurisdiction in contrast with Regional Director
h. Cases involving legislated wage increases and wage distortion
i. Over enforcement or annulment of compromise agreements
j. Execution and enforcement of decisions of voluntary arbitrators
k. Cases of OFWs
l. Other cases
m. Domestic workers or kasambahay
n. Employees of cooperatives (Perpetual Help Credit Cooperative, Inc.
v. Faburada; San Miguel Corp v. Semillano, G.R. No. 164257, July
5, 2010;
o. Over counterclaims of employees (Bañez v. Hon. Valdevilla, G.R.
No. 128024, May 9, 2000)
p. For damages arising from breach of non-compete clause and other
post-employment prohibitions
q. Employer’s claims for cash advances, car, appliance, and other
personal loans of employees
r. Dismissal of directors and corporate officers (Matling Industrial and
Commercial Corporation v. Ricardo R. Coros, G.R. No. 157802,
October 13, 2010; Cosare v. Broadcom Asia, Inc. (2014); Barba v.
Liceo de Cagayan University (2012); Marc II Marketing and Lucila
Joson v. Alfredo M. Joson (2011); Real v. Sangu Philippines, Inc.
(2011)
s. Labor cases involving entities immune from suit (DFA v. NLRC, G.R.
No. 113191, Sept. 18, 1996; USA v Hon. Rodrigo, G.R. 79470, Feb.
26, 1990)
t. Doctrine of Forum Non Conveniens (Pacific Consultants
International Asisa, Inc. v Schonfeld, G.R. 166920, Feb. 19, 2007;
The Manila Hotel Corp and Manila Hotel International Limited v.
NLRC, G.R. No. 120077, Oct. 13, 2000;
u. Constitutionality of Labor Contract Stipulations (Halagueña v.
Philippine Airlines, Inc., G.R. No. 172013, October 2, 2009)
v. Reinstatement Pending Appeal; Pioneer Texturizing Doctrine
((Garza v. Coca Cola Bottlers Philippines, Inc. G.R. 180972, Jan. 20,
2014)

2. Requirements to perfect appeal to NLRC (Triad Security & Allied Services, Inc. v.
Ortega, G.R. No. 160871, Feb. 6, 2006; Auza, Jr. v. MOL Philippines, Inc. G.R.
No. 175481, Nov. 21, 2012; Andrew James Mcburnie v. Eulalio Ganzon, G.R. Nos
17803, 186984, 1866985, Oct. 17, 2013; Sara Lee Philippines v. Ermilinda,
Macatlang, GR Nos. 180147, 180151, 180319, 180685, June 4, 2014; Balite v. SS
Ventures International, Inc. G.R. No. 195109, Feb. 4, 2015)

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 3. Reinstatement and/or execution pending appeal

B. National Labor Relations Commission (NLRC)

Cases: Bergonio, Jr. v. South East Asian Airlines, April 21, 2014; Marilou S.
Genuino v. NLRC, Citibank N.A. December 4, 2007; Wenphil Corporation v.
Abing, April 7, 2014; Roquero v. Philippine Airlines, Inc. April 22, 2003; Garcia v.
Philippine Airlines, Inc. Jan. 20, 2009; College of Immaculate Conception v.
NLRC (2010); Islriz Trading v. Capada (2011); Pfizer, Inc. v. Velasco (2011); C.
Alcantara & Sons. Inc. v. CA (2012)

1. Jurisdiction
Arts. 225 (d) and (e), 278 (g); 2011 NLRC Rules of Procedure, as
amended, Rule XII, Sec. 1
2.Appellate (Labor Code, Art. 129; 2011 NLRC Rules of Procedure, as
amended, Rule VI, Sec.1)
Effect of NLRC reversal of Labor Arbiter’s order of reinstatement
3. Remedies – Mode of Appeal and Requisites
4. Certified cases

C. Bureau of Labor Relations – Med-Arbiters

1. Jurisdiction (original and appellate)
La Tondeña Workers Union v. Secretary of Labor; Atty.Montaño v. Atty.
Verceles, G.R. 168583, July 26, 2010; The Heritage Hotel Manila v. National
Union of Workers in the Hotel, Restaurant and Allied Industries-Heritage Hotel
Manila Supervisors Chapter, G.R. No. 178296;

D.National Conciliation and Mediation Board (Tabigue v. International Copra Export

Corporation, G.R. No. 183335, December 23, 2008)

1. Nature of proceedings
2. Conciliation vs. Mediation
3. Preventive Mediation

E. DOLE Regional Directors

1. Jurisdiction

F. DOLE Secretary
1. Visitorial and enforcement powers
2. Power to suspend/effects of termination
3. Assumption of jurisdiction
4. Appellate jurisdiction
5. Voluntary arbitration powers (Philtranco Service Enterprises, Inc. v.
Philtranco Workers Union-Association of Genuine Labor Organizations, G.R. No.
180962, Feb. 26, 2014)
6. Remedies

G. Grievance Machinery and Voluntary Arbitration

1. Subject matter of grievance
2. Voluntary Arbitrator (Luzon Development Bank v. Association of Luzon
Development Bank Employees, G.R. No. 120319, Oct. 6, 1995)
a) Jurisdiction
b) Procedure
c) Remedies

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 H. Court of Appeals (Luzon Devt. Bank v. Association of Luzon Devt. Bank
Employees, G.R. No. 120319, October 6, 1995, Acantara, Jr. v. CA, G.R. No.
143397, Aug. 6, 2002)
1. Rule 65, Rules of Court (Philtranco Service Enterprises, Inc. v.
Philtranco Workers Union-Association of Genuine Labor Organizations, G.R. No.
180962, Feb. 26, 2014)

I. Supreme Court
1. Rule 45, Rules of Court (Elizabeth Gagui v. Dejero, G.R. No. 196036,
October 23, 2013; Neypes v. CA, G.R. No. 141524, Sept.14, 2005)

J. Prescription of actions (Southeastern Shipping v. Navarra, Jr., G.R.

No.167678, June 22, 2010)

1. Money Claims (Labor Code, Art. 306)

2. Illegal Dismissal (Civil Code, Art. 1146)
3. Unfair Labor Practices (Labor Code, Art. 305)
4. Offenses Under the Labor Code
5. Illegal Recruitment (R.A. No. 8042, Sec. 12)

GRADING SYSTEM

10% Attendance
25% Recitation
30% Midterms
35% Finals

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