«Po EPR i a Geometric nonkneakiy ideria roslinerrt. Poorykis lad dite JP of Hiderl aPor yld Rae ON Vcblsy LP ie indefermed Position 1259) 095) oy P-A Effects, Stability and Buckling ‘The two preceding chapters considered material nonlinearity. This chapter considers geometric nonlinearity. There is a fundamental difference between gesmetric nonlinearity and - Material nonlineanty has a wide range of causes, + Change Yeldion ShiP between shess streamo®K h 2A) a=0-0 Ha=P. Eh + bah oe. ah + Fife 2fas ~ o-{4_] " K{E ePlective Stress ae Pine shuctoe, Geo metic Si Press Opi |Geemanc stress \p ts verkGl load wpobhiTol AVS» SYS ay jden) siRes wis Geomebric Metrix __» Tension —» +Vve Geomelnic Matrix __» GrPlesion —» ve Second-order elastic analysis of building frames. A small: displacements scciaieeaieeiena ee nt aaa is This part of the chapter identifies three different ways to carry out a second order analysis.Unstable qu, Ady old) vey 2A. Phanaybis__s6_\ 3 dovby © e— afl SRS ode o.cW) a4 OH aa Ws skiess ndrix og fy Vo ol Geanchiic Modi x of De "= oy iden! disPhament c\, Xo), o> Del MSA Coomeltic Mabrix QB) > aya AAW ZW sf ois Pa ofRct 5 Ps Gntribvtion PS Grtrdbvtion Figure 6.1(b) shows the bending moment diagram for combined gravity and lateral load. This diagram has three parts, as follows. (1) Small displacements contribution. This is the bending moment diagram — ignoring P-A effects. (2) P-A contribution. This accounts for the deflection, 4, at the top of the column. (3) P-d contribution. This accounts for the departure of the column from a_ ‘straight line. The simple frame shown in Figure 6.1(c) has cantilever columns. In this case _ the deflection A is the story drift. ir , t I Po contin (e)coumn 6) ending Moment Figure 1 - P-Delta about columnGe WT Pa Rect jad 5 cet, ShPess ah a esta treRiid 68.359 F Mwore PoeMect joes gh Bh Fhess Tz ow} ; T= 206 a K ena EL waht Ps Lud Ps 7.43.1. Equation of Motion, Controlling Parameters, and Terminology ‘The governing equation for an i ne-sory frame (Fig. 17.1) eluding gravity load equal 10 fs weight—Bq, (1.7.7) —Is rep soem me i+ c+ fee =m, a3.) we (0) 3.1) where w= me is the weight and hte height ofthe weight above the ground ESSENCES gravity Had has reduced te resisting fore f (1) 10 Oz = Geode &:Fiess gi, dione PH 6.8 hor T later cnPress Cardy a9 « opl Stability GefFicerdgo and ahs el i ‘ie ngg < lex 1630.13 PAeffeets. The resulting member forces and moments and the story drifts induced by PA effects shall be considered in the evalintion of overall structural frame stability and shall be evaluated using the forces producing the displacements of As. PA {oof secondaty momento p= theratiomay be evaluated for oor live and snow load, aviequiredin Section 1612, above the tory times the seismic di fn shat story divided by ane product of tie seismic shear im iat Muay limes thc heh dat any Sclonie Bunce 3 wn 4, PA ted nat he ennsidered when the story dil ratio does ot exceed 002k + UBC.97 163092 Determination of Ay. The Maximum Inelsic Response Doplaciet, fy sal becouputed a allows a7 eA, 0.17) #P.0 €Ffect > Bseg. GlOsbdion > 'Padiy x P.% effect 5 Sns GlGuelion _ PS swat foe Figure 2 - P-Delta about structure imc ume] Figure 3 - P-A om FLD relationship (PEER/ATC 2010)a PD EC FFect on Etabs:_ P-Delta analysis parameters ose) Sabor Pde cael lw ——— mass oad, 06°53 Mass aaa ADP hads abo th Ww e,5b Us» a2 np ones i}, 02 TT Psi lady (ak Wi cue ad Crbiodin > (Ea> (fa) pooade : hod Cnbiradon ren PF Heth, NZD Loln vs body Gehh! wet Se Geomettic Sk Press JF msl at oldeBSP tON sos hon liner Jada Ube E> a Fau) ci) > oe Sprisl we [Auto conartion Sequence Lond Cee EZ com hve ‘Ato CoranconSequnce aod Cate are srs | Groat Nerney ten orate See Cente inane ct Sone each Conant Seen Cece ep Lathe Lt Sep ood eed wt ag Contes (7 Replace Oe Tipe Lae Cae Laud Coe nl Oat Crag Contin 6.1.2 Types of Analysis for Geometric Nonlinearity ‘There are three types of analysis that can be carried out, as follows. (1) Smaltedisplacementssanalysis) This is one extreme. Equilibrium is the undeformed position, and the compatibility relation- ships are assumed to be linear. In this case geometric nonlinearity is ignored. (2) Gavgermisplacements analysis; This is the other extreme. Equilibrium is considered in the deformed position, and the compatibility relation- ships are nonlinear. In this case, geometric nonlinearity is considered. with no approximations. 3) PeWanalysiso This is in the middle. Equilibrium is considered in the deformed positon (with some minor approximations), and the !