CONFIDENTIAL = ASISEP 2015/B10091 UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MARA FINAL EXAMINATION COURSE FOUNDATION BIOLOGY | COURSE CODE : Bloos1 EXAMINATION SEPTEMBER 2015 TIME : 3HOURS STUDENT I.D. NUMBER: GROUP : INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES Gvesion Tank | 1. This question paper consists of wo (2) pats: PART A (30 questions) [1-0 PART B (6 questions) 2. Answer ALL questions. ' i) Answer PART A in the Objective Answer Sheet. 2 ii) Answer PART B in the spaces provided in this booklet 3. Use black or blue ball-point pen. Pencils can only be used for drawings. | > | 4, Please check to make sure that this examination pack consists of: | 4 ')_the Question Booklet ls ii) an Objective Answer Sheet — provided by the Faculty | ; | 6 5. Answer ALL questions in English Total DO NOT TURN THIS PAGE UNTIL YOU ARE TOLD TO DO SO This examination paper consists of 22 printed pages: (© Hak Cipta Universiti Teknologi MARA CONFIDENTIALCONFIDENTIAL, 2 ASISEP 2015/B10091 PART A (30 MARKS) Choose only ONE answer for each question. 1. Which of the following statements is true about maltose and amylose? A. Both are polysaccharides. B. Both are oligosaccharides. C. Both contain a-glucose monomers. D. Both contain B-glucose monomers. 2. A fatty acid is saturated if its hydrocarbon chain contains ‘A. one double bond. B. one carboxyl group. C. a maximum number of hydroxyl groups. D. a maximum number of hydrogen atoms. 3. Which of the following situations is possibly due to high surface tension of water? Salts dissolve in water. Ice is formed at low temperatures. ‘Awater strider can walk on water. Lakes are not totally frozen during winter. gom> ester bond in a triglyceride is formed between An A. two bases. B. two pentose sugars. C. aglycerol and a fatty acid. D. _aglycerol and a phosphate. 5. Which organelle or structure is absent in plant cells? A. Mitochondria B. Golgi apparatus. C. Microtubules. D. Centrioles. 6. The organelle in animal cells that contains hydrolytic enzymes is A. lysosome. B. _mesosome. C. peroxisome. D. glyoxysome. © Hak Cipta Universiti Teknologi MARA CONFIDENTIAL,CONFIDENTIAL 3 ASISEP 2015/B10091 7. Below are common features of mitochondria and chloroplasts except that they A B, cc! D. contain ribosomes. contain circular DNA molecules. can grow and reproduce within the cell are components of the endomembrane system. 8. _ Inthe nucleus, DNA associate with proteins and then condensed into a structure called A B, Cc. D. histones. centrioles. nucleolus. chromosomes. 9. Which of the following is not an example of active transport? 2> c. D. Osmosis. Exocytosis. Pinocytosis. Phagocytosis. 10. The fluidity of an animal's plasma membrane is determined by the proportion of oom> protein. cholesterol. glycoprotein. glycolipid. 11. Water passes quickly through cell membranes because A. the bilayer is hydrophilic. B. it is a small, charged molecule. C. _ it moves through hydrophobic channels. D. it moves through aquaporins in the membrane. 12. Which function of the membrane protein allows message to be relayed to the inside of the cell? ‘A. Transport. B. Signal transduction. C. Celk-cell recognition D. _ Intercellular joining. (© Hak Cipta Universiti Teknologi MARA CONFIDENTIAL,CONFIDENTIAL, 4 ASISEP 2015/B10091 13. An enzyme that requires a cofactor but does not have one bound to it is referred to as pom> an apoenzyme. a holoenzyme, a coenzyme, a prosthetic group 14. Identify the incorrect statement regarding competitive inhibition, A B. c. D. Inhibitor binds to active site. More substrates are needed to increase the rate of reaction. Inhibitor changes the conformational shape of active site. Inhibitor reduces the chances of substrate to bind to active site. 18. Acetylcholinesterase catalyzes the conversion of acetylcholine to acetate and choline by the addition of water. Identify which enzyme class does acetylcholinesterase belongs to. A B. c. D. Class 2: Transferases, Class 3: Hydrolases. Class 4: Lyases Class 5: Isomerases 16. Which of the following is an example of cooperativity in enzyme action? com>r Binding of an activator affects the shape of the enzyme. The effect of increasing temperature on the rate of reaction. Binding of an ATP molecule along with the substrate in an active site. Binding of a substrate molecule stimulates the binding of others at other active sites. 17. When NAD+ gains a hydrogen atom, it becomes pom, activated. reduced, oxidized. hydrogenated 18. Where are the proteins of the electron transport chain located? pom> Cytosol. Mitochondrial matrix. Inner mitochondrial membrane. Outer mitochondrial membrane. (© Hak Cipta Universiti Teknologi MARA CONFIDENTIAL,CONFIDENTIAL, 5 ASISEP 2015/B10091 19. Figure 1 shows the pathway of glucose breakdown, hexose | 1 triose phosphate | 2 pyruvate +> lactate acetyl CoA | 4 6C compound | 5 H;0 + CO, Figure 4 Which two steps produce ATP via substrate level phosphorylation? 1 and 3, 1 and 4, 2and 4 2and 5. pom> 20. Whats the primary function of the Calvin cycle? Split water and release oxygen. Use ATP to release carbon dioxide. Use NADPH to release carbon dioxide Synthesize simple sugars from carbon dioxide. pomp 21. What are the products of non-cyctic photophosphorylation? ATP and P700. Peso and P700. ATP and NADPH. Heat and fluorescence. pop> (© Hak Cipta Universiti Teknologi MARA CONFIDENTIALCONFIDENTIAL, 6 ASISEP 2018/B10091 22. Photorespiration occurs when rubisco catalyzes the reaction of RuBP with A Oz B. CO; Cc. NADPH. D. _ Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate. 23. In photosynthetic cells, synthesis of ATP by the chemiosmotic mechanism occurs during A. cell respiration only. B. _ photosynthesis only. C. photosynthesis and cell respiration. D. neither photosynthesis nor cell respiration. 24. In an experiment studying photosynthesis performed during the day, you provide a plant with radioactive carbon (14C) dioxide as a metabolic tracer. The 14C is incorporated first into oxaloacetate. The plant is best characterized as a A. C4 plant. B. C3 plant. C. CAM plant. D. Cg and C4 hybrid 25. The temperature-regulating center of vertebrates is located in the pancreas. hypothalamus ‘medulla oblongata. subcutaneous layer of the skin. gom> (© Hak Cipta Universiti Teknologi MARA CONFIDENTIALCONFIDENTIAL, 7 ASISEP 2015/B10091 For questions 26 to 30, there is more than one possible answer. Select the correct answer from the following options A, B, C or D. A B c D Vand Il only Jand Ill only Wand Ill only 1, Wand Ill 26. 27. 28, 29. 30, ‘The organisms below are osmoconformers. lL Starfish, I. Jellyfish. ML Frog. In animals, nitrogenous wastes are produced mostly from the catabolism of | starch, Il. proteins. I. nucleic acid These are characteristics of Domain Archaea: L unicellular. I. prokaryotic. IIL cell walls composed of peptidoglycan. Reproductive isolating mechanisms are barriers that prevent organisms of two different species to mate and produce fertile offspring. The mechanisms are: I. behavioral isolation. Il. mechanical isolation. Ill. gametic isolation. Choose examples of aposematic coloration. | A'skunk with distinct stripes. lA peppered moth which changes its colors to match its environment. ll. Accinnabar moth that has black wings with bright red patches. (© Hak Cipta Universiti Teknologi MARA, CONFIDENTIALCONFIDENTIAL, 8 ASISEP 2015/B10091 PART B (70 MARKS) ‘Student I.D. No. QUESTION 1 a) Figure 2 shows part of a deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) molecule. o-P=0 adenine f I cytosine ° guanine T= thymine Figure 2 i) On Figure 2, draw hydrogen bonds using dotted lines between two complementary bases. (1: mark) ii) On Figure 2, indicate the 5’- end and 3'- end of one polynucleotide strand. (1: mark) b) State the meaning of the term primary structure of protein. (1 mark) CONFIDENTIAL (@ Hak Cipta Universiti Teknologi MARACONFIDENTIAL, 9 ASISEP 2015/B10091 Student |.D. No. : ©) Figure 3 shows the structure of sucrose. cH,OH H ‘0. Wy HOCH, _0. H oH oH C VAN ae H On 1H Figure 3 i) Explain why sucrose is said to be a non-reducing sugar. (2 marks) ii) Describe how Benedict's test could be used to compare the concentrations of reducing sugar present in two solutions. (3 marks) (© Hak Cipta Universiti Teknologi MARA CONFIDENTIAL,CONFIDENTIAL, 10 ASISEP 2015/B10091 4) Figure 4 shows two polymers, glycogen and collagen, that are found in mammals, glycogen collagen Figure 4 Give two differences between the structure of glycogen and collagen. (2 marks) © Hak Cipta Universiti Teknologi MARA CONFIDENTIAL,CONFIDENTIAL, " ASISEP 2015/B10091 QUESTION 2 Student I.D. No. a) The table below shows a comparison of prokaryotic, animal and plant cells. Place a tick (¥) to indicate the presence of the structures mentioned. Two ticks are done for you. (2 marks) ‘Structure Prokaryote | Animal Plant Cell membrane 7 ] Central vacuole v b) Figure 5 shows the structure of a rough endoplasmic reticulum. ’) Identify structure X. (1: mark) ii) State another location where structure X can be found. (1 mark) iii) Compare and contrast between the structure of a rough endoplasmic reticulum and a Golgi apparatus. (2 marks) (© Hak Cipta Universiti Teknologi MARA CONFIDENTIAL,CONFIDENTIAL, 2 ASISEP 2015/B10091 c) Figure 6 shows several animal cells connected together by intercellular junctions. plasma membrane | Junction S Junction U Junction T Figure 6 i) Identity the junction referred to as a desmosome. (1: mark) ii) State the function of junction T. (1 mark) d) Figure 7 shows a stained plant cell, as seen using a light microscope. Figure 7 i) Label structure V. (1 mark) ii) Name one staining solution that can be used to observe the plant specimen. (1 mark) (© Hak Cipta Universiti Toknologi MARA CONFIDENTIAL,CONFIDENTIAL 2B ASISEP 2015/B10091 QUESTION 3 Student |.D. No. a) Figure 8 below shows a part of a plasma membrane of animal cells. A c. D — i? | } WI SN, Figure 8 ’) Identify structure D. (1 mark) ii) Which labelled structure would restrict the movement of small, polar molecules? (1 mark) iil) Identify B and explain how B and D maintain the fluidity of the membrane. (3 marks) (© Hak Cipta Universiti Teknologi MARA CONFIDENTIALCONFIDENTIAL, 14 ASISEP 2015/B10091 iv) Structure A is a transmembrane protein. Distinguish the role of A diffusion and active transport. facilitated (2 marks) b) Glucose can pass through cell membrane by active transport. i) Name the carrier protein that is used to transport glucose into an animal cell (1 mark) ii) Explain how the carrier protein in Question 3 (b) i) works in rehydrating a diarrhoea patient. (2 marks) (© Hak Cipta Universiti Teknologi MARA CONFIDENTIAL,CONFIDENTIAL, 15 ASISEP 2015/B10091 QUESTION 4 Student ID. No. : a) Figure 9 shows the results of enzyme-controlled reactions that occur at two different temperatures. Time (minutes) Figure 9 Compare the mass of product formed, over the whole duration of 68 minutes, for the reactions at 30°C and 50°C. (3 marks) (© Hak Cipta Universiti Teknologi MARA, CONFIDENTIAL,CONFIDENTIAL 16 ASISEP 2015/B10091 b) Figure 10 shows a biochemical process catalyzed by a series of enzymes. A | Brymel,| B | Enzyme it) C | Enzyme Ill,} D | Enzyme IV.) © Figure 10 i) Suggest which substance will most likely act as an inhibitor. (1 mark) ji) Suggest which enzyme will most likely be inhibited by the substance in b ((). (1 mark) ©) Use Figure 11 to explain the effect of inhibitor on the enzyme-catalyzed reaction. (marks) Pobe ibitor Lh substrate Figure 11 (© Hak Cipta Universiti Teknologi MARA CONFIDENTIAL,CONFIDENTIAL, 7 ASISEP 2015/B10091 QUESTION 5 ‘Student LD. No. a) Figure 12 shows the structure of a mitochondrion Fr FD Figure 12 i) Onthe diagram, draw a line and label with letter K, where the Krebs cycle occurs. (1 mark) ji) On the diagram, draw a line and label with letter A, where the enzyme ATP synthase (ATPase) is located. (1: mark) lil) Describe how pyruvate is converted into a substance that enters the Krebs cycle. (2 marks) iv) In cellular respiration of brain cells, a complete oxidation of one molecule of glucose yields 30 ATP molecules. Show how that number is calculated. (5 marks) (© Hak Cipta Universiti Teknologi MARA, CONFIDENTIALCONFIDENTIAL 18 ASISEP 2015/B10091 b) Figure 13 shows a summary of the light-independent reaction of photosynthesis. | Ribulose biphosphate (RuBP) "Lo | phosphoglycerate (PGA) 2x a ATP. Carbon dioxide c NADPH, Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate (G3P) | c Poe / [Glucose] Figure 13 i) Complete the boxes to show the number of carbon atoms in the molecules. (2 marks) li) How many ATP molecules are needed to produce two (2) molecules of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate? (1 mark) iil) How many glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate are needed to synthesize one (1) molecule of sucrose? (1 mark) (© Hak Cipta Universiti Teknologi MARA CONFIDENTIALCONFIDENTIAL 19 ASISEP 2015/B10091 Student |.D. No. ©) Figure 14 shows the absorption of different wavelengths of light by chlorophyll a in a green plant. Relative Absorbance —Jp> 400 so 600 700 wavelength in nanometers (am) violet blue-green yellow orange red Figure 14 i) Based on Figure 14, describe the absorption spectrum of chlorophyll a. (2 marks) li) State exactly where chlorophyll ais located in the chloroplast of a plant cell (1 mark) d) Write the equation for the carbon fixation step that happens in the mesophyll cell of the C4 and CAM plants, (2 marks) (© Hak Cipta Universiti Teknologi MARA CONFIDENTIAL,CONFIDENTIAL 20 ASISEP 2015/B10091 QUESTION 6 a) Figure 15 represents a vertical section through a mammalian kidney. Figure 15 i) Name the region M and the structure N, (2 marks) ii) Explain how glomerular filtrate is formed, (5 marks) (© Hak Cipta Universiti Teknologi MARA. CONFIDENTIAL,CONFIDENTIAL 24 ASISEP 2015/BI0091 Student I.D. No. b) Figure 16 shows the heads of three species of birds. Figure 16 i) Based on Figure 16, explain how interspecific competition between the birds is reduced, (2 marks) (© Hak Cipta Universiti Teknologi MARA CONFIDENTIAL,CONFIDENTIAL, 22 ASISEP 2015/B10091 ii) Figure 17a and Figure 17b are pictures of two sub-species of wolf in North America, Canis lupus nubilus and Canis lupus baileyi respectively Figure 17b Suggest how the two sub-species may have evolved from a single ancestral Population. (5 marks) END OF QUESTION PAPER (© Hak Cipta Universiti Teknologi MARA CONFIDENTIAL