The Fountainhead Mission: To Nurture Leaders Through Primary Greatness

IBDP TERM 1 EXAMINATION (October 2018)

School code : 004196

Name of the student: Section :

Grade : 12 Roll No:

Subject : Physics- HL Paper Component : Paper 3

Duration: 1 hour 15 minutes Marks: 45

Name & Sign of the invigilator:

Name of the teacher: Vratik U

Instructions to the candidates:

● This is the Question paper.

● All answers must be attempted on this paper.
● Fill in all the details as required in the space provided.
● Write in dark blue or black pen.
● Do not use staples, paper clips, highlighters, glue or correction fluid.
● At the end of the examination, fasten all your work securely together.
● GDC is permitted.
● Data booklet will be provided

Marks Obtained out of 45 Teacher’s Signature

 The Fountainhead Mission: To Nurture Leaders Through Primary Greatness

IBDP MOCK EXAMINATION (March 2019)

Section A: Data Based Question and Short -answer questions on experimental work

1. This question is about the mass-radius relation for a certain type of star.

The radius R and mass M of ten different stars were measured and the results are shown plotted
below.

Source: IBDP Past Paper 1

 The Fountainhead Mission: To Nurture Leaders Through Primary Greatness

IBDP MOCK EXAMINATION (March 2019)

The radius is expressed in terms of the Sun’s radius RS and the mass in terms of the
Sun’s mass MS.
The uncertainty in the measurement of the mass is negligible. The uncertainty in the measurement of
the radius is ±0.05RS.
(a) Draw error bars for the first and the last data points. [1]
(b) Using your answer to (a),
(i) Suggest why there might be a linear relationship between R and M for these stars. [2]

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(ii) Determine the equation for this linear relationship. [3]

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(iii) Estimate the maximum value for the mass of this type of star. [2]

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(c) Suggest why no star of this type can in fact have a mass equal to your answer to (b)(iii). [1]

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Source: IBDP Past Paper 2

 The Fountainhead Mission: To Nurture Leaders Through Primary Greatness

IBDP MOCK EXAMINATION (March 2019)

(d) Additional data show that the relation between R and M is in fact not linear, as suggested by
the graph below.

Uncertainties in the data are not shown.

(i) Draw a line of best-fit for the data. [1]
(ii) The new data suggests that the maximum value for the mass of this type of star is
different from your answer in (b)(iii). Estimate this new value. [1]

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Source: IBDP Past Paper 3

 The Fountainhead Mission: To Nurture Leaders Through Primary Greatness

IBDP MOCK EXAMINATION (March 2019)

(iii) Suggest why your answer to (d)(ii) is only an estimate. [1]

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(e) It is hypothesized that the mass–radius relation for a different type of star is R=kMn where k
and n are constants. Explain how a graph may be used to
(i) verify this hypothesis. [2]

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(ii) determine the constant n. [1]

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[Total: 15 marks]

Source: IBDP Past Paper 4

 The Fountainhead Mission: To Nurture Leaders Through Primary Greatness

IBDP MOCK EXAMINATION (March 2019)

Section B: Option: AstroPhysics

2.
(a) State the element which is the end product of nuclear reactions taking place inside main
sequence stars. [1]

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(b) A main sequence star has apparent brightness 7.6×10–14 Wm–2 and luminosity 3.8×1027W.
(i) Calculate, in pc, the distance of the star from Earth. [3]

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(ii) Suggest whether the stellar parallax method is appropriate for measuring the distance
to this star. [1]

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Source: IBDP Past Paper 5

 The Fountainhead Mission: To Nurture Leaders Through Primary Greatness

IBDP MOCK EXAMINATION (March 2019)

(iii) The luminosity of the star in (b) is ten times the luminosity of our Sun. Determine the
ratio M/Mo where Mo is the mass of the Sun. [2]

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(c) The image shows a Hertzsprung–Russell (HR) diagram.

Source: IBDP Past Paper 6

 The Fountainhead Mission: To Nurture Leaders Through Primary Greatness

IBDP MOCK EXAMINATION (March 2019)

(i) Estimate, using the HR diagram, the ratio R/Ro where R is the radius of the star in (b)
and Ro is the radius of the Sun. [3]

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(ii) Sketch a line on the HR diagram to show the evolutionary path of this star. [2]
(iii) Describe, with reference to the Chandrasekhar limit, the equilibrium state of this star in
its final evolutionary stage. [2]

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[Total: 14 marks]

Source: IBDP Past Paper 7

 The Fountainhead Mission: To Nurture Leaders Through Primary Greatness

IBDP MOCK EXAMINATION (March 2019)

3.
(a) The hydrogen spectrum from a laboratory source includes a line of wavelength 434 nm. The
same line emitted from a distant galaxy has wavelength 502 nm when observed on Earth.
(i) Suggest why the two wavelengths are different. [1]

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(ii) Determine the distance, in Mpc, from this galaxy to Earth using a Hubble constant of 71
kms–1Mpc–1. [2]

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(b) In the 1990s, two research groups started projects involving observations of distant
supernovae. They aimed to show that distant galaxies were slowing down.
(i) Suggest why it was expected that distant galaxies would be slowing down. [1]

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(ii) Describe how it was deduced that the universe is expanding at an accelerated rate. [2]

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[Total: 6 marks]

Source: IBDP Past Paper 8

 The Fountainhead Mission: To Nurture Leaders Through Primary Greatness

IBDP MOCK EXAMINATION (March 2019)

4.
(a) Suggest why nuclear fusion processes inside stars can only produce elements with a nucleon
(mass) number up to about sixty. [2]

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(b) Outline how elements of nucleon (mass) number higher than sixty are produced by stars. [2]

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[Total: 4 marks]

5.
(a) Measurements by WMAP have revealed very small deviations from isotropy in the cosmic
microwave background (CMB) radiation. Suggest why it was important that the CMB should
not be perfectly isotropic. [2]

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Source: IBDP Past Paper 9

 The Fountainhead Mission: To Nurture Leaders Through Primary Greatness

IBDP MOCK EXAMINATION (March 2019)

(b) Another WMAP result is that the universe is flat. The graph shows how the scale factor of the
universe R, varies with time t in a flat universe without dark energy.

Using the axes, draw a curve to show how the scale factor varies with time in a flat universe
with dark energy. [1]
(c) The graph shows the variation of the rotational speeds of stars vcirc with distance r from the
center of a galaxy.

(i) State the feature of the graph that indicates the existence of dark matter. [1]

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(ii) Explain how the feature you stated in (c)(i) indicates the existence of dark matter. [2]

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[Total: 6 marks]

Source: IBDP Past Paper 10