ASSESSMENT &EVALUATION OF THE CURRENT DESIGN OF A

WORKPLACE IN TERMS OF ILLUMINANCE, NOISE LEVEL AND

TEMPERATURE
Submitted by: Bon Harold T. Dumas
Date: October 21, 2020

Submitted by: __________________

Date: ___________
INTRODUCTION

Background

This study expects to survey and assess the current design of the working environment room. In
this investigation, it centers around various perspectives, for example, Illuminance, Noise Level
and Temperature.

Coming up next are the ideas in question: Work Environment Design, Manual Work Design,
Workstation Design, Workplace Design, Anthropometry and Musculoskeletal Disorders.

When relating to a position of business, the workplace includes the actual geological area just as
the quick environmental factors of the working environment, for example, a building site or place
of business. Regularly includes different components identifying with the work environment, for
example, the nature of the air, commotion level, level of lighting, temperature and extra
advantages and advantages of business, for example, free youngster care or boundless espresso,
or sufficient stopping.

Anthropometry is one of the most well-known examinations to comprehend the outside of the
human body. It is the logical investigation of the estimations and extents of the human body. This
is applied with ergonomics for it makes ready in its plan. On the off chance that the information
in anthropometry is applied in the science work, the instruments and hardware that individuals
use will be diverse however more productive.

Musculoskeletal Disorders or MSDs are wounds and disorders that influence the human body's
development or musculoskeletal framework (for example muscles, ligaments, tendons, nerves,
plates, veins, and so on) Normal MSDs include: Carpal Tunnel Syndrome. Tendonitis.
Muscle/Tendon strain.

Theory
Illumination Theory

As per Frievalds in Niebel's Methods, Standards, and Work Design (2014), the fundamental
hypothesis of enlightenment applies to a point wellspring of light, (for example, a flame) of a
given iridescent power, estimated in candelas (album). Light exudes roundly every which way
from the source with 1-cd sources emanating 12.57 lumens (lm) (as decided from the surface
region of a sphere,4pr2). The measure of light striking a surface, or a segment of this circle, is
named brightening or illuminance and is estimated in footcandles(fc). The sum ofillumination
striking a surface drops off as the square of the separation d in feetfrom the source to the surface:
Illuminance = intensity / d2

A portion of that light is retained and some of it is reflected (for clear materials, some is
additionally sent), which permits people to "see" that object and gives an impression of brilliance.
The sum reflected is named luminance and is estimated in foot-lamberts (fL). It is dictated by the
intelligent properties of the surface, known as reflectance:
Luminance = illuminance x reflectance

ILLUMINANCE
Disregard footcandles or lux, which can be hard to handle or utilize. While deciding the lighting
needs in your rooms, there is a lot more straightforward equation to utilize. While not as exact
as numerically designed equations, utilizing the recipe to make an interpretation of lighting
prerequisites into required wattage is a lot less complex and something you can rapidly apply to
any lighting circumstance. With a couple of changes and contemplations, it can work for any
room in your home.
To know how to get the sufficient wattage a work area needs there are 3 steps:
Step 1:
Measure the length and width of the room. Divide unusually shaped rooms, such as L-shaped
rooms, into two segments and measure each, since a single light is unlikely to adequately light
the entire room.
Step 2:
Multiply the width by the length for each room or room segment, if applicable. Multiply the result
by 1.5 to determine the estimated watts to sufficiently light a room. For example, for a room 10
feet wide by 12 feet long, multiply 10 times 12 to get 120, then multiply by 1.5 to get 180 watts.
Step 3:
Adjust the wattage levels upward for rooms as preferred. Areas where high-detail, task-specific
work occurs or rooms in which elderly people reside, for example, require higher levels of light.
Multiply the width by the length of the room and multiply the result by 2.5 to estimate higher
light-level requirements. A room 10 feet wide by 12 feet long would need 300 watts under this
formula.

Noise Theory
Sound can be characterized regarding the frequencies that decide its tone and quality, alongside
the amplitudes that decide its force. Frequencies discernible to the human ear range from around
20 to 20,000 cycles for every second, regularly called hertz and shortened Hz. The basic condition
of wave engendering is
c = ᶂλ
where c = sound velocity (1,100 ft/s)
ᶂ = frequency, (Hz)
λ = wavelength (ft)
Note that as the wavelength increases, the frequency decreases.
Noise Dose
OSHA utilizes the idea of commotion portion, with the introduction to any solid level over 80 dBA
making the audience bring about a halfway portion. On the off chance that the absolute day by
day introduction comprises of a few halfway presentations to various commotion levels, at that
point the few incomplete dosages are added to get a consolidated introduction:
D = 100 x (C1 / T1+C2 / T2+…+Cn / Tn)< 100

where D = noise dose

C = time spent at specified noise level (h)
T = time permitted at specified noise level (h) (see Table 6.6)
The total exposure to various noise levels cannot exceed a 100-percent dose.

Temperature Theory
The human is ordinarily displayed as a chamber with a shell, relating to the skin, surface tissues,
and appendages, and with a center, comparing to the more profound tissues of the storage
compartment and head. Center temperatures show a restricted reach around a typical
estimation of 98.6°F (37°C). At values somewhere in the range of 100 and 102°F (37.8 and 38.9°C),
physiological execution drops pointedly. At temperatures above 105°F (40.6°C), the perspiring
component may fall flat, bringing about a quick ascent in center temperature and possible
passing. The shell tissues of the body, then again, can change over a lot more extensive scope of
temperatures without genuine loss of proficiency, and can go about as a support to secure center
temperatures. Dress, whenever worn, goes about as a subsequent shell to protect the center
temperature further.

A warm safe place, for zones where 8 h of inactive or light work is done, has been characterized
as the scope of temperatures of from 66 to 79°F (18.9 to 26.1°C), with a general dampness going
from 20 to 80 percent (see Figure 6.12). Obviously, the remaining burden, attire, and brilliant
warmth load all influence the person's feeling of solace inside the safe place.

Theory of Anthropometry
Hypothesis of Anthropometry. "The hypothesis of anthropometric insights depends to a great
extent upon Quetelet's examinations, who attempted to demonstrate that the conveyance of
anthropometric information keeps the law of possibility." (Boas, n.d.). The test on
Anthropometric estimations might be halfway founded on this hypothesis since the hypothesis
of Anthropometry contends that anthropometric insights keep the law of possibility—or
likelihood—and consequently, a few estimations of the subjects' bodies under various conditions
must be taken so as to come to legitimate and conceivable end results.

Plans that are contrary with typical anthropometric estimations of a labor force could bring about
undesired episodes. The work acted in a climate that doesn't zero in on ergonomics standards
could prompt exhaustion and inconvenience and wounds which are known as musculoskeletal
problems (MSDs). Anthropologist who study the actual quality of races use generally the
technique for seriation. They give the level of instances of the arrangement which fall between
specific cutoff points.

Musculoskeletal problems

Business related agony, wounds and distress are the most widely recognized sort of
musculoskeletal issues brought about by manual taking care of and workplace. These business
related issues are a huge and expanding problem.About 25% of laborers consider that their work
influences their wellbeing as back agony and uneasiness, which best the rundown of all detailed
business related issues. MSDs may have genuine outcomes to laborers, and may confine their
capacity to attempt a wide scope of work and relaxation exercises for the rest of their lives.
Hence, anticipation is crucial.

METHODOLOGY

OBJECTIVES
 To observe the current design of the chosen work room
 To gather relevant data like illuminance, noise level, and temperature from the work
room and analyze them.
 To recommend based on standard and proper illuminance, noise level, and temperature
of the work room that allows maximum efficiency and productivity to the user using the
work room reducing risk to fatigue, comfort and musculoskeletal disorders.
EQUIPMENT
Tape Measure

A tape measure or measuring tape is a flexible ruler used to measure size or distance. It consists
of a ribbon of cloth, plastic, fibre glass, or metal strip with linear-measurement markings. It is a
common measuring tool.

Sound Level Meter

A sound level meter is used for acoustic (sound that travels through air) measurements.
It is commonly a hand-held instrument with a microphone. The diaphragm of the microphone
responds to changes in air pressure caused by sound waves. In this experiment, it is used to
measure the sound level in the laboratory in two phases: Normal Condition and With Noise.
Thermometer

A thermometer is an instrument that measures temperature. It can measure the temperature of

a solid such as food, a liquid such as water, or a gas such as air. The three most common units of
measurement for temperature are Celsius, Fahrenheit, and kelvin. The Celsius scale is part of the
metric system.

PROCEDURE

Data Gathering Data Analysis Lab Report



Illuminance Measuring Prepare

Noise Level Measuring Analyze

Temperature Measuring Recommend

i. Data gathering
1) Prepare all the tools needed in getting data.
2) Proceed to the work room.

 Illuminance Measuring:
1) Measure the dimensions of the work room specifically the length and the width using
the tape measure.
2) Record data.

 Noise Level Measuring:

1) The sound level in work room is measured with the use of a sound level meter.
2) Two categories are measured: Normal Condition and With Noise Condition.
3) 5 trials per category is recorded for the accuracy of the data, 5 mins interval per trial.
4) Record all data.

 Temperature Measuring:
1) Temperature in the work room should be measured using a thermometer in three
different time of the day.
2) Record all data.

ii. Data Analysis and Report

1) Prepare and analyze the data gathered.
2) Recommend proper measurements: illuminance, noise and temperature for the work
room.
3) Prepare the Laboratory Report.
EXISTING DESIGN:
ASSESSMENT OF THE EXISTING DESIGN:
Illuminance
The work room uses an 80 watts light bulb. Which doesn’t give enough illumination for the whole
room especially in the part where the computer desk is located. The suggested power of the light
bulb to be used in the work room is at least 132.56 watts (computation showed in the appendix).
Noise
The average noise levels of the work room are categorized into two conditions: (1) Normal
Condition where there average noise level is at 51.08 dBA and (2) With Noise Condition with
noise level of 71.28 dBA. The user occupies the work room around 6-8 hrs daily. The permissible
noise exposure is up to 92 dBA sound level based on Table 2 in the Appendices Section which
means that both category did not exceed and are even lesser than the allowable value which
implicates that the noise exposure experienced by the user is not hazardous for his hearing
health.
Temperature
As shown on Table 3 are the temperature taken at a single day at three different time in which
the user usually uses the work room. It showed a result of an average of 20.66 degrees celcius
throughout the three different times temperature was taken from the room. The average
temperature as per the Workplace (Health, Safety and Welfare) Regulations 1992, which place a
legitimate commitment on employers to give a 'sensible' temperature in the working
environment, the Approved Code of Practice proposes the base temperature in a work
environment ought to typically be at any rate 16°C. On the off chance that the work includes
thorough actual exertion, the temperature ought to be at any rate 13°C. So based on the average
temperature compared to the typical temperature in a work environment the current work room
does not meet the suggested temperature based on the Workplace(Health, Safety and Welfare)
Regulations 1992.

PROPOSED DESIGN:
IMPROVEMENTS MADE AND ITS IMPACT:

Illuminance
The previous work room has an 80 watts light bulb which is below the required watts a light bulb
must be of used with the dimension of the current work room. With the help of a new light bulb
with the power of a minimum of 132.56 watts the issue on the illumination of the room will be
solved.

Noise
Based on the observation done which we compared the noise average of both categories to the
permissible noise and resulted to a lower figure it implicates that the work room has no problem
regarding the noise level the user is experiencing while working on the work room. As observed
in the design we did not eliminate the windows regardless of the addition of the air conditioner
since the windows play a great role in the toleration of the noise echoes present in the work
room which is the main reason why the windows were not removed and was retained in the new
design of the work room

Temperature
As observed in the new design of the work room is the addition of air conditioner to the room
because one problem the previous design of the room has is the temperature which does not
meet the suggested temperature based on the Workplace(Health, Safety and Welfare)
Regulations 1992. Through the help of the air conditioner the user can now adjust the room
temperature based on the suggested temperature a work room must have. So the problem
having excessive occupational heat on the room will now be eliminated.

APPENDIX
 i. Data

Illuminance
Preferred watts
Work Room Dimension
Length: 311 cm or 10.20 ft
Width: 263 cm or 8.67 ft
[(10.20)(8.67)](1.5) =132.51 watts

TRIAL (5 NORMAL CONDITION (dBA) WITH NOISE (dBA)

mins per trial)
1 54.8 65.4
2 48.6 75.0
3 49.7 75.3
4 51.8 63.0
5 50.5 77.7
AVERAGE 51.08 71.28
Table 1: Noise level

Table 2. Permissible Noise Exposures

Time of the Day TEMPERATURE (°C)
8:00 AM 19
2:00 PM 23
6:00 PM 20
AVERAGE 20.66
Table 3. Temperature data
ACTUAL PHOTOS OF THE WORK ROOM
 REFERENCES

Occupational Safety and Health Branch, Labour Department (December 2008), Lighting
Assessment in the Workplace, Retrieved from
http://www.hse.gov.uk/temperature/law.htm
https://www.hunker.com/13412836/how-to-calculate-how-much-light-a-room-needs
https://www.nationalgeographic.org/encyclopedia/thermometer/#:~:text=A%20thermometer%20is%20
an%20instrument,part%20of%20the%20metric%20system.

https://www.jstor.org/stable/2763seq=1#page_tab_contents
http://www.hse.gov.uk/temperature/law.htm