Test Bank for Core concepts in health 2nd Canadian Edition by Insel

Test Bank for Core concepts in health 2nd Canadian

Edition by Insel

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Exam

Name___________________________________

MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.

1) Which of the following fats also contains cholesterol? 1)

A) margarine B) olive oil C) butter D) corn oil
Answer: C
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

2) The risk of death from coronary heart disease increases up to _____ among those 2)
exposed to environmental tobacco smoke.
A) 10% B) 15% C) 25% D) 30%
Answer: D
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

3) A test that uses a computer to construct a picture of the brain using X-ray images is 3)
A) an angiogram. B) radionuclide imaging.
C) an MRI scan. D) a CT scan.
Answer: D
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

4) The form of cholesterol that carries cholesterol out from the liver to other parts of the 4)
body and leads to cholesterol deposits on the artery walls is
A) LDL. B) triglyceride. C) VLDL. D) HDL.
Answer: A
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

5) It is estimated that patients can reduce their risk for heart attack by 2 percent for every 5)
_____ percent they reduce their total cholesterol.
A) 4 B) 8 C) 1 D) 2
Answer: C
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

1
 6) Evidence suggests that after a heart attack the risk of _________ rises. 6)
A) obesity B) high blood pressure
C) cancer D) diabetes
Answer: D
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

7) A cerebrovascular accident is another name for a 7)

A) ruptured blood vessel. B) stroke.
C) cerebral hematoma. D) cerebral thrombosis.
Answer: B
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

8) All of the following increase risk for cardiovascular disease, EXCEPT 8)

A) low socioeconomic status. B) high educational attainment.
C) social isolation. D) alcohol abuse.
Answer: B
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

9) First Nations adults with diabetes are _____ times as likely to have heart diseases as their 9)
counterparts without diabetes.
A) 2 B) 4 C) 8 D) 10
Answer: B
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

10) TIAs (transient ischemic attacks) 10)

A) are also known as ministrokes. B) usuallyoccur after a major stroke.
C) require bed rest following an attack. D) produce permanent paralysis.
Answer: A
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

2
11) Exercise alters blood fat levels by 11)
A) raising HDL levels. B) raising triglyceride levels.
C) lowering HDL levels. D) raising LDL levels.
Answer: A
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

12) Smoking contributes to approximately how many deaths each year in Canada? 12)
A) 7000 B) 27000 C) 37000 D) 17000
Answer: C
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

13) The portion of the circulation governed by the right side of the heart is the 13)
_______________ circulation.
A) extremity B) pulmonary C) cerebral D) systemic
Answer: B
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

14) Among the following treatment options for mild to moderate hypertension, which should 14)
be the LAST option tried, after the others have failed to produce an improvement?
A) drug therapy B) reduced salt intake
C) weight loss D) change in exercise habits
Answer: A
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

15) For every kilogram increase in weight, the risk of diabetes increases by approximately 15)
____________.
A) 5% B) 9% C) 17% D) 30%
Answer: B
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

3
16) High uric acid levels in the blood may cause all of the following, EXCEPT 16)
A) hypertension. B) diabetes. C) gout. D) kidney stones.
Answer: B
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

17) Blood viscosity can be reduced by 17)

A) menopause. B) limiting fluid intake.
C) donating blood regularly. D) taking iron supplements.
Answer: C
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

18) A slightly higher intake of unsaturated fats may be recommended for people with 18)
A) hypertension. B) high HDL levels.
C) low triglyceride levels. D) metabolic syndrome.
Answer: D
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

19) What type of stroke is caused by the rupture of a blood vessel on the brain's surface 19)
resulting in bleeding into the space between the brain and the skull?
A) subarachnoid hemorrhage B) embolic
C) thrombotic D) ischemic
Answer: A
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

20) Which of the following does NOT raise triglyceride levels? 20)
A) excess body fat B) physical inactivity
C) very low carbohydrate diet D) cigarette smoking
Answer: C
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

4
21) The small blood vessels that connect the arteries and veins are the 21)
A) arterioles. B) capillaries. C) venules. D) vascules.
Answer: B
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

22) A test that measures the electrical activity of the heart is called a(n) 22)
A) coronary arteriogram. B) electroencephalogram.
C) echocardiogram. D) electrocardiogram.
Answer: D
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

23) Adequate potassium intake is _____ grams per day. 23)

A) 2.2 B) 4.7 C) 6.9 D) 10.7
Answer: B
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

24) Which of the following combinations would place someone at greatest risk for 24)
cardiovascular disease?
A) high HDL and low LDL B) low HDL and low LDL
C) high HDL and high LDL D) low HDL and high LDL
Answer: D
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

25) Approximately what percentage of Canadians have metabolic syndrome? 25)

A) 11% B) 19% C) 15% D) 27%
Answer: B
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

5
26) Daily oral aspirin is recommended for all of the following patients, EXCEPT those 26)
having had experienced
A) a prior MI. B) unstable angina.
C) a prior ulcer. D) a prior stroke.
Answer: C
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

27) Which of the following is a treatment for heart disease? 27)

A) balloon angioplasty B) angiogram
C) electrocardiogram D) angina pectoris
Answer: A
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

28) Chest pain caused by lack of oxygen to the heart is called 28)
A) infarction. B) angina. C) hypertension. D) thrombosis.
Answer: B
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

29) Which of the following is NOT a heart-healthy food choice? 29)

A) beet greens B) cookies C) spinach D) walnuts
Answer: B
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

30) The recommended level of LDL cholesterol for adults is 30)

A) between 2.6 and 3.3 mmol/L. B) less than 1 mmol/L.
C) between 3.3 and 4.9 mmol/L. D) 5 mmol/L or more.
Answer: A
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

6
31) Which of the following statements is TRUE about rheumatic fever? 31)
A) It affects mostly older adults.
B) It occurs because of untreated diabetes.
C) It permanently damages the liver.
D) The incidence of it has declined significantly in Canada since introduction of
antibiotics.
Answer: D
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

32) Diabetics also have higher rates of all of the following, EXCEPT 32)
A) atherosclerosis. B) obesity.
C) dermatitis. D) hypertension.
Answer: C
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

33) Congestive heart failure is 33)

A) a condition caused by the heart's inability to maintain its regular pumping force.
B) severe chest pain caused by insufficient blood supply to the heart.
C) sustained abnormally high blood pressure.
D) thickening of artery walls by deposits of fatty substances.
Answer: A
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

34) Arnold is 56 years old and considers himself to be in good health. He has a family 34)
history of heart disease, stroke, and diabetes. He recently had a routine physical exam.
He was told that his blood pressure was 130/85, his total cholesterol was 8 mmol/L (LDL
was 7 and HDL was 1), and his glucose levels were normal. Arnold was also informed
that his weight of 190 pounds made him about 10 pounds overweight.

Arnold's physician expressed some concern about the results of the exam. What finding is
most likely the key cause of her concern?
A) Arnold's cholesterol levels B) Arnold's weight
C) Arnold's blood pressure D) Arnold's age
Answer: A
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

7
35) Rheumatic fever is a disease process that begins with 35)
A) strep throat. B) influenza.
C) a viral infection. D) staph infection.
Answer: A
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

36) Sustained high blood pressure is an indicator of 36)

A) emotional stress.
B) an unhealthy ratio of HDLs to LDLs.
C) heart strength.
D) excessive force being exerted against artery walls.
Answer: D
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

37) The most common congenital heart defect in children is 37)

A) transposition of the aorta and pulmonary artery.
B) underdeveloped left side of the heart.
C) coarctation of the vena cava.
D) holes in the wall that divides the ventricles or atria.
Answer: D
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

38) Consuming aspirin on a regular basis reduces the risk of 38)

A) ulcers. B) gastrointestinal bleeding.
C) hemorrhagic stroke. D) platelets forming clots.
Answer: D
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

39) The two upper chambers of the heart in which blood collects before passing to the lower 39)
chambers are called
A) ventricles. B) valves. C) atria. D) septum.
Answer: C
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

8
40) What is thought to be the closest thing we have to a magic bullet against heart disease? 40)
A) aspirin B) exercise C) red wine D) weight loss
Answer: B
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

41) Arnold is 56 years old and considers himself to be in good health. He has a family 41)
history of heart disease, stroke, and diabetes. He recently had a routine physical exam.
He was told that his blood pressure was 130/85, his total cholesterol was 8 mmol/L (LDL
was 7 and HDL was 1), and his glucose levels were normal. Arnold was also informed
that his weight of 190 pounds made him about 10 pounds overweight.

What is the nature of the physician's concern?

A) Arnold's risk for heart valve problems
B) Arnold's risk for coronary heart disease
C) Arnold's risk for diabetes
D) Arnold's risk for obesity
Answer: B
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

42) C-reactive protein is released into the bloodstream in response to 42)

A) inflammation. B) free radicals.
C) phytochemicals. D) antioxidants.
Answer: A
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

43) Which one of the following factors is not associated with elevated levels of 43)
homocysteine?
A) low intake of folic acid B) low intake of vitamin B-6
C) being female D) low intake of vitamin B-12
Answer: C
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

9
44) When a coronary artery becomes blocked, the result is 44)
A) arrhythmia. B) an obstructive embolism.
C) a heart attack. D) angina.
Answer: C
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

45) Approximately what percentage of Canadians that have a heart attack are 65 years of age 45)
and older?
A) 50% B) 65% C) 85% D) 90%
Answer: C
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

46) The LDL particle size that poses the greatest risk for CVD is 46)
A) pattern A. B) pattern B. C) pattern C. D) pattern D.
Answer: B
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

47) Men have a greater risk of heart attack and stroke than women do because 47)
A) women have larger coronary arteries than men do.
B) fewer women than men have hypertension.
C) men have more severe heart attacks than women do.
D) premenopausal women seem to be protected from heart disease by estrogen.
Answer: D
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

48) Angina pectoris is caused by 48)

A) a need for oxygen in the heart that exceeds supply.
B) sustained high blood pressure.
C) a disruption of the electrical system of the heart.
D) the complete blockage of a coronary artery.
Answer: A
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

10
49) What is the estimated annual financial burden of CVD in Canada? 49)
A) 31 billion B) 11 billion C) 21 billion D) 5 billion
Answer: C
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

50) The arteries that branch from the aorta and provide blood to the heart muscle itself are 50)
_______________ arteries.
A) femoral B) coronary C) systemic D) pulmonary
Answer: B
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

51) Which of the following statements about gender and CVD is true? 51)
A) In Canada, CVD is the leading killer of men but not of women.
B) The incidence of hypertension is higher in women than in men before age 55.
C) Estrogen may offer premenopausal women some protection against CVD.
D) Women are more likely than men to have classic heart attack symptoms like chest
pain.
Answer: C
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

52) Which of the following is a noninvasive test that evaluates CVD by using sound waves 52)
to examine the heart?
A) electron-beam computed tomography B) angioplasty
C) magnetic resonance imaging D) echocardiography
Answer: D
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

53) The College of Family Physicians of Canada recommends all adults over age ____ talk 53)
with their physician about whether cholesterol testing is appropriate for them.
A) 40 B) 20 C) 30 D) 50
Answer: B
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

11
54) Which of the following statements about taking aspirin is false? 54)
A) It has an anticlotting effect. B) It reduces inflammation.
C) It decreases adhesiveness of platelets. D) It can affect blood cholesterol levels.
Answer: D
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

55) Atherosclerosis is 55)

A) the thickening of artery walls by deposits of fatty substances.
B) a condition resulting from the heart's inability to maintain its regular pumping force.
C) severe chest pain caused by insufficient blood supply to the heart.
D) sustained, abnormally high blood pressure.
Answer: A
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

56) A blood-filled pocket bulging out from a weak spot in the artery wall is called a(n) 56)
A) thrombus. B) embolism. C) fibrillation. D) aneurysm.
Answer: D
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

57) Cholesterol is an important component of each of the following, EXCEPT 57)

A) fluid that coats the liver. B) sex hormones.
C) cell membranes. D) protective nerve sheaths.
Answer: A
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

58) The most common type of heart valve disorder 58)

A) usually affects exercise ability.
B) involves the mitral valve.
C) is treated with surgery in the majority of cases.
D) is very likely to cause symptoms.
Answer: B
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

12
59) Approximately what percentage of Canadian adults have hypertension? 59)
A) 10% B) 15% C) 20% D) 25%
Answer: C
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

60) Which of the following is associated with metabolic syndrome? 60)

A) low triglycerides B) insulin resistance
C) low blood pressure D) high HDL
Answer: B
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

61) Sudden cardiac death most often occurs because of 61)

A) low blood pressure. B) arrhythmia.
C) blocked cerebral arteries. D) coronary thrombosis.
Answer: B
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

62) When the heart contracts, called ____________, blood pressure ____________; when 62)
the heart relaxes, called ____________, blood pressure ____________.
A) systole; increases; diastole; decreases B) diastole; decreases; systole; increases
C) systole; decreases; diastole; increases D) diastole; increases; systole; decreases
Answer: A
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

63) Higher homocysteine levels are found in individuals with diets low in all of the 63)
following, EXCEPT
A) Vitamin B3 B) Vitamin B12 C) Folic acid D) Vitamin B6
Answer: A
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

13
64) Cardiovascular disease in children is usually the result of 64)
A) childhood obesity. B) rheumatic heart disease.
C) congestive heart failure. D) congenital heart defect.
Answer: D
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

65) All of the following CVD risk factors can be changed, EXCEPT 65)
A) physical inactivity. B) cholesterol levels.
C) cigarette smoking. D) family history of CVD.
Answer: D
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

66) Which of the following is TRUE about homocysteine? 66)

A) It is another type of cholesterol, similar to triglycerides.
B) It helps repair the linings of arteries.
C) Levels are higher in women than in men.
D) Levels are higher in people whose diets are low in folic acid.
Answer: D
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

67) The recommended level of HDL cholesterol for adults is 67)

A) less than 2.6 mmol/L. B) less than 1.6 mmol/L.
C) above 2.6 mmol/L. D) above 1.6 mmol/L.
Answer: D
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

68) Symptoms of a myocardial infarction include 68)

A) low back pain. B) sore throat.
C) headache. D) difficulty breathing.
Answer: D
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

14
69) Hypertension probably contributes to atherosclerosis by 69)
A) affecting sodium balance in the body. B) causing injury to the artery walls.
C) dilating arteries. D) influencing cholesterol levels.
Answer: B
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

70) An arrhythmia is 70)

A) another name for high blood pressure.
B) a blood clot found near the heart.
C) a ruptured blood vessel.
D) an irregular heartbeat.
Answer: D
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

71) Recent research concluded that which of the following is TRUE about taking vitamin E 71)
supplements?
A) Vitamin E supplements provide no protection against heart disease in men.
B) All adults should take additional vitamin E supplements.
C) Vitamin E supplements prevent heart disease.
D) Vitamin E supplements can reduce blood cholesterol levels.
Answer: A
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

72) Which of the following is a good source of omega-3 fatty acids? 72)
A) kidney beans B) egg whites C) salmon D) pork chops
Answer: C
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

73) Blood cell fragments that are necessary for the clotting of blood are called 73)
A) leukocytes. B) macrophages. C) erythrocytes. D) platelets.
Answer: D
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

15
74) A desirable level of total cholesterol for adults is less than _______________ mmol/L. 74)
A) 8 B) 4 C) 6 D) 10
Answer: C
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

75) Repeat clogging of an artery after balloon angioplasty is called 75)

A) rethrombus. B) angiography. C) edema. D) restenosis.
Answer: D
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

76) Atherosclerosis is most closely associated with which type of stroke? 76)
A) embolic B) thrombotic C) infarct D) hemorrhagic
Answer: B
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

77) Nutritional experts recommend that saturated fat intake should be ____________ of total 77)
daily calories.
A) 2% B) 35% or less C) 30% or less D) 7% or less
Answer: D
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

78) How many chambers does the heart contain? 78)

A) four B) two C) three D) six
Answer: A
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

79) What is the number-one killer of Canadian women? 79)

A) cancer B) heart disease C) stroke D) accidents
Answer: A
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

16
80) Abdominal obesity is defined as having a waist circumference greater than _____ 80)
centimetres in women.
A) 95 B) 102 C) 88 D) 110
Answer: C
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

81) Damage to the heart muscle because of lack of blood supply is called 81)
A) angina pectoris. B) cardiac arrest.
C) myocardial infarction. D) ischemia.
Answer: C
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

82) The best prevention for rheumatic fever is 82)

A) treatment of influenza with large doses of vitamin C.
B) treatment of strep throat with antibiotics.
C) eradication of disease-transmitting mosquitoes.
D) immunization.
Answer: B
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

83) Treatment for congestive heart failure may include all of the following, EXCEPT 83)
A) treatment with drugs that eliminate excess body fluid.
B) reducing the workload of the heart.
C) heart transplant.
D) increasing salt intake.
Answer: D
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

84) A wandering clot that causes a stroke is called a(n) 84)

A) embolus. B) vascular accident.
C) thrombus. D) hemorrhage.
Answer: A
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

17
85) Diastole is the 85)
A) main valve in the heart. B) largest vein in the body.
C) contraction of the heart. D) relaxation of the heart.
Answer: D
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

86) Most deaths from heart attacks occur within ___________ from the onset of symptoms. 86)
A) 1 hour B) 30 minutes C) 3 hours D) 2 hours
Answer: D
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

87) The form of cholesterol that draws cholesterol out of the walls of the arteries and returns 87)
it to the liver for recycling is
A) LDL. B) triglyceride. C) HDL. D) VLDL.
Answer: C
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

88) A hemorrhagic stroke may occur as a result of 88)

A) an aneurysm. B) a thrombosis.
C) low platelet levels. D) an embolus.
Answer: A
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

89) Which of the following Type A personality characteristics is least closely associated with 89)
heart disease?
A) hostility B) cynicism C) anger D) hurrying
Answer: D
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

18
90) The type of stroke that is caused by a rupture of blood vessels is called 90)
A) hemorrhagic. B) ischemic. C) embolic. D) thrombotic.
Answer: A
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

91) All of the following groups are more likely to experience heart attack without chest pain, 91)
EXCEPT
A) older adults. B) ethnic minorities.
C) people with diabetes. D) men.
Answer: D
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

92) Smoking increases cardiovascular risk in all of the following ways, EXCEPT 92)
A) increasing oxygen in the blood. B) increasing blood pressure.
C) reducing high-density lipoproteins. D) increasing heart rate.
Answer: A
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

93) Heart attacks are most likely to occur during which hours of the day? 93)
A) midnight and 6:00 am B) noon and 6:00 pm
C) 6:00 am and noon D) 6:00 pm and midnight
Answer: C
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

94) Among young adults, those with high hostility levels were more than ____ times as 94)
likely to develop coronary artery calcification (a marker of early atherosclerosis) as those
with low hostility levels.
A) 2 B) 3 C) 4 D) 5
Answer: A
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

19
95) What is the number-two killer of Canadian women? 95)
A) ovarian cancer B) heart disease
C) stroke D) breast cancer
Answer: B
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

96) The largest artery in the body is the 96)

A) coronary. B) atria. C) aorta. D) carotid.
Answer: C
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

97) High blood pressure is best described as 97)

A) a disease.
B) a side effect of cardiovascular disease.
C) a risk factor for cardiovascular disease.
D) a risk factor for cardiovascular disease and a disease itself.
Answer: D
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

98) Abdominal obesity is defined as having a waist circumference greater than _____ 98)
centimetres in men.
A) 102 B) 88 C) 95 D) 110
Answer: A
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

99) All of the following may result from a stroke, EXCEPT 99)
A) memory loss. B) language deficits.
C) hormonal imbalances. D) paralysis.
Answer: C
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

20
100) Smoking harms the cardiovascular system in all of the following ways, EXCEPT 100)
A) reducing level of high-density lipoproteins.
B) increasing adhesiveness of platelets.
C) increasing blood pressure.
D) decreasing plaque formation.
Answer: D
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

101) What type of cells line the inside of arteries, help regulate blood flow, and prevent 101)
platelets from sticking?
A) epithelial cells B) exocrine cells
C) exothelial cells D) endothelial cells
Answer: D
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

102) The large blood vessel through which waste-laden, oxygen-poor blood travels is called 102)
the
A) vena cava. B) ventricle.
C) aorta. D) pulmonary artery.
Answer: A
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

103) High blood pressure is a health risk when it is 103)

A) the product of sexual excitement. B) the product of emotional excitement.
C) the product of exercise. D) high most of the time.
Answer: D
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

104) Systole is the 104)

A) normal pause between heartbeats. B) contractionof the heart.
C) relaxation of the heart. D) normal rhythm of the heart.
Answer: B
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

21
105) If an artery in a limb becomes blocked, it causes 105)
A) heart attack. B) arthritis.
C) peripheral arterial disease. D) stroke.
Answer: C
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

106) Which one of the following is NOT a symptom of strep throat? 106)
A) fever B) nausea and vomiting
C) gradual onset of a sore throat D) swollen glands
Answer: C
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

107) All of the following are characteristics of Type D personality, EXCEPT 107)
A) general negativity. B) pessimism.
C) angry outbursts. D) unhappiness.
Answer: C
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

108) The most common symptom associated with angina is 108)

A) shortness of breath.
B) tightness or pressure in the chest.
C) nausea.
D) pain or numbness in the shoulder or in the arm.
Answer: B
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

22
109) Arnold is 56 years old and considers himself to be in good health. He has a family 109)
history of heart disease, stroke, and diabetes. He recently had a routine physical exam.
He was told that his blood pressure was 130/85, his total cholesterol was 8 mmol/L (LDL
was 7 and HDL was 1), and his glucose levels were normal. Arnold was also informed
that his weight of 190 pounds made him about 10 pounds overweight.

Arnold's physician will likely suggest that Arnold make all of the following lifestyle
changes, EXCEPT
A) increasing trans fat intake.
B) increasing physical activity.
C) increasing viscous (soluble) fiber intake.
D) decreasing saturated fat intake.
Answer: A
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

110) Essential hypertension is responsible for what percentage of hypertension cases? 110)
A) 10% B) 35% C) 65% D) 90%
Answer: D
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

111) People with or at risk of hypertension should aim to consume no more than _____ 111)
milligrams of sodium per day
A) 1000 milligrams B) 1500 milligrams
C) 2000 milligrams D) 2500 milligrams
Answer: B
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

112) The left side of the heart pumps blood in the _______________ circulation. 112)
A) coronary B) systemic C) cerebral D) pulmonary
Answer: B
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

23
113) The incidence of stroke more than doubles each decade after what age? 113)
A) 55 B) 75 C) 65 D) 45
Answer: A
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

114) The cutoff point for blood pressure at or above which an adult is diagnosed with 114)
hypertension is
A) 150/90. B) 140/90. C) 120/80. D) 130/80.
Answer: B
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

115) People with no CVD risk factors should have their blood pressure measured by a 115)
professional
A) once a year. B) once every 5 years.
C) once a month. D) once every 2 years.
Answer: D
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

116) Individuals who are most vulnerable to early onset of cardiovascular disease include all 116)
of the following, EXCEPT
A) smokers.
B) sedentary individuals.
C) individuals with uncontrolled hypertension.
D) individuals with low cholesterol levels.
Answer: D
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

117) Compared to Caucasian Canadians, the incidence of cardiovascular disease among 117)
African Canadians is
A) higher. B) about the same.
C) lower. D) undetermined.
Answer: A
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

24
118) The large artery that receives blood from the left ventricle and distributes it to the rest of 118)
the body is called the
A) pulmonary vein. B) aorta.
C) pulmonary artery. D) vena cava.
Answer: B
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

119) A sphygmomanometer is an instrument used to measure 119)

A) blood pressure. B) blood flow.
C) cardiac output. D) heart sounds.
Answer: A
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

120) Which one of the following blood pressure readings would be considered optimal for a 120)
young adult?
A) 110/70 B) 144/90 C) 135/92 D) 120/88
Answer: A
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

121) The most common cause of sudden death among athletes younger than 35 is 121)
A) myocardial infarction. B) aneurysm.
C) hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. D) stroke.
Answer: C
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

122) A blood pressure reading of 121/81 is classified as 122)

A) low normal. B) high normal.
C) normal. D) high blood pressure.
Answer: C
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

25
SHORT ANSWER. Write the word or phrase that best completes each statement or answers the question.

123) Choose one of the major forms of cardiovascular disease described in your text. 123)
Briefly describe it, and then list typical symptoms and treatments. In addition, list
at least two strategies for preventing the disease.
Answer: Answers will vary
Explanation:

124) Briefly describe the current thinking about the risks and benefits of hormone 124)
replacement therapy for post-menopausal women.
Answer: Answers will vary
Explanation:

125) List at least eight specific lifestyle strategies for reducing individual risk for 125)
CVD. In addition, list two additional strategies that might be recommended for
someone who currently has heart disease.
Answer: Answers will vary
Explanation:

126) At Betty's most recent medical check-up, her doctor found that she had high 126)
blood pressure, excessive abdominal fat, and a low HDL count. What condition
might Betty be suffering from? What specific lifestyle strategies might be
recommended to help her lower her risk of CVD?
Answer: Answers will vary
Explanation:

127) Choose one of the CVD risk factors under study that is described in your text, 127)
and briefly explain the mechanism by which it increases CVD risk.
Answer: Answers will vary
Explanation:

128) List the major controllable risk factors for CVD. For each, list one lifestyle 128)
strategy for reducing the associated risk.
Answer: Answers will vary
Explanation:

129) Describe how blood is pumped and circulated through the body. Include the roles 129)
of the four chambers of the heart, the major blood vessels leading in and out of
the heart and lungs, and the arteries, capillaries, and veins found in the body.
Answer: Answers will vary
Explanation:

26
TRUE/FALSE. Write 'T' if the statement is true and 'F' if the statement is false.

130) The aorta is the body's largest artery. 130)

Answer: True False
Explanation:

131) The most common surgical treatment for heart disease is an angiogram. 131)
Answer: True False
Explanation:

132) Both the expression of anger and the suppression of anger may contribute to heart 132)
disease.
Answer: True False
Explanation:

133) Systole is the period of the heart's contraction. 133)

Answer: True False
Explanation:

134) Hypertension usually has no warning signs. 134)

Answer: True False
Explanation:

135) Hemorrhagic strokes occur when a blood vessel in the brain bursts. 135)
Answer: True False
Explanation:

136) The most common congenital heart defects are holes in the walls of the heart that 136)
separate the chambers.
Answer: True False
Explanation:

137) The coronary arteries supply the heart muscle itself with oxygenated blood. 137)
Answer: True False
Explanation:

138) Arteries carry blood away from the heart. 138)

Answer: True False
Explanation:

139) Transient ischemic attacks (TIAs) are complications that follow a major stroke. 139)
Answer: True False
Explanation:

140) Men are more likely than women to have a heart attack in their forties. 140)
Answer: True False
Explanation:

27
141) Alcohol use provides protection against CVD by lowering blood pressure. 141)
Answer: True False
Explanation:

142) Increased physical activity may reduce one's triglyceride levels. 142)
Answer: True False
Explanation:

143) High LDL levels and low HDL levels lower the risk of heart disease. 143)
Answer: True False
Explanation:

144) The most common type of stroke is an ischemic stroke. 144)

Answer: True False
Explanation:

145) Diets high in folic acid raise levels of homocysteine and CVD risk. 145)
Answer: True False
Explanation:

146) A stroke occurs when the blood supply to the brain is cut off. 146)
Answer: True False
Explanation:

147) Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is the most common cause of sudden death among athletes 147)
younger than age 35.
Answer: True False
Explanation:

148) Prehypertension or mild hypertension can often be treated by changes in lifestyle alone. 148)
Answer: True False
Explanation:

149) Insulin resistance is a marker for metabolic syndrome. 149)

Answer: True False
Explanation:

150) High socioeconomic status is associated with increased risk for CVD. 150)
Answer: True False
Explanation:

151) C-reactive protein is associated with inflammation and increased CVD risk. 151)
Answer: True False
Explanation:

28
152) Angina pectoris is another name for a heart attack. 152)
Answer: True False
Explanation:

153) Sudden cardiac death is most often caused by angina pectoris. 153)
Answer: True False
Explanation:

29
Answer Key
Testname: C7

1) C
2) D
3) D
4) A
5) C
6) D
7) B
8) B
9) B
10) A
11) A
12) C
13) B
14) A
15) B
16) B
17) C
18) D
19) A
20) C
21) B
22) D
23) B
24) D
25) B
26) C
27) A
28) B
29) B
30) A
31) D
32) C
33) A
34) A
35) A
36) D
37) D
38) D
39) C
40) B
41) B
42) A
43) C
44) C
45) C
46) B
47) D
48) A
49) C
50) B
30
Answer Key
Testname: C7

51) C
52) D
53) B
54) D
55) A
56) D
57) A
58) B
59) C
60) B
61) B
62) A
63) A
64) D
65) D
66) D
67) D
68) D
69) B
70) D
71) A
72) C
73) D
74) C
75) D
76) B
77) D
78) A
79) A
80) C
81) C
82) B
83) D
84) A
85) D
86) D
87) C
88) A
89) D
90) A
91) D
92) A
93) C
94) A
95) B
96) C
97) D
98) A
99) C
100) D
31
Answer Key
Testname: C7

101) D
102) A
103) D
104) B
105) C
106) C
107) C
108) B
109) A
110) D
111) B
112) B
113) A
114) B
115) D
116) D
117) A
118) B
119) A
120) A
121) C
122) C
123) Answers will vary
124) Answers will vary
125) Answers will vary
126) Answers will vary
127) Answers will vary
128) Answers will vary
129) Answers will vary
130) TRUE
131) FALSE
132) TRUE
133) TRUE
134) TRUE
135) TRUE
136) TRUE
137) TRUE
138) TRUE
139) FALSE
140) TRUE
141) FALSE
142) TRUE
143) FALSE
144) TRUE
145) FALSE
146) TRUE
147) TRUE
148) TRUE
149) TRUE
32
Test Bank for Core concepts in health 2nd Canadian Edition by Insel

Answer Key
Testname: C7

150) FALSE
151) TRUE
152) FALSE
153) FALSE

33

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