Test Bank for Health: The Basics, 13th Edition Rebecca J.

Donatelle

Test Bank for Health: The Basics, 13th Edition

Rebecca J. Donatelle

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Exam
Name___________________________________

MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the
question.
1) Approximately what percentage of Americans consume alcoholic beverages regularly? 1) _______
A) 10 percent B) 75 percent C) 25 percent D) 50 percent

2) What percentage of Americans abstain from drinking alcohol? 2) _______

A) 31 percent B) 21 percent C) 11 percent D) 41 percent

3) Eating food when drinking alcohol 3) _______

A) decreases the absorption of nutrients in food.
B) speeds up alcohol absorption.
C) slows alcohol absorption.
D) increases the absorption of nutrients in food.

4) What is the percentage of alcohol in 100 proof whiskey? 4) _______

A) 40 percent B) 20 percent C) 80 percent D) 50 percent

5) The main site of alcohol metabolism is the 5) _______

A) spleen. B) liver. C) kidney. D) colon.

6) Factors affecting alcohol absorption include all of the following EXCEPT 6) _______
A) the drinker's weight and body mass. B) the type of drink.
C) the time of day the alcohol is D) the drinker's mood.
consumed.

7) Which of the following is NOT true about alcohol absorption? 7) _______

A) Carbonated alcoholic beverages are absorbed less rapidly than those containing no
sparkling additives.
B) The alcohol in wine is absorbed more slowly than the alcohol in a shot of whiskey.
C) Almost 80 percent of alcohol is absorbed in the small intestine.
D) Alcohol can be diffused from the stomach lining into the bloodstream.

8) One standard drink equals 8) _______

A) 12 ounces of beer or 1.5 ounces of 80 proof liquor.
B) 10 ounces of wine or 1 ounce of 80 proof liquor.
C) 6 ounces of malt liquor or 8 ounces of beer.
D) 16 ounces of beer or wine.

9) How long does it take for the average adult to metabolize four 12-ounce beers? 9) _______
A) 5 hours B) 3 hours C) 4 hours D) 2 hours

10) Before leaving for a party, Kristina took two "100% percent pure caffeine" pills containing 200 10) ______
mg caffeine each. Which of the following is likely to happen at the party?
A) Kristina is likely to feel exhausted and leave the party early.
B) Kristina is likely to experience an intolerance reaction of nausea and vomiting prompted
by her consumption of both caffeine pills and alcohol.
C) Kristina is likely to drink much more heavily than she would have if she had not taken
the caffeine pills.
 D) Kristina is likely to pass out after having only two or three drinks.

11) A standard rum and cola will be absorbed faster than a 5-ounce glass of wine because 11) ______
A) carbonated beverages have less alcohol.
B) carbonation causes the pyloric valve to relax.
C) a rum and cola has more alcohol than the glass of wine.
D) distilled beverages are absorbed more slowly than nondistilled.

12) A driver is "usually impaired" at a blood alcohol concentration of 12) ______

A) 0.01 to 0.04 percent. B) 0.15 to 0.24 percent.
C) 0.05 to 0.07 percent. D) 0.08 to 0.14 percent.

13) After a night of heavy drinking, John still appears sober while his friends are obviously 13) ______
intoxicated. It is likely that John has developed
A) nonalcoholic personality. B) alcohol consumption tolerance.
C) alcoholic acceptance. D) learned behavioral tolerance.

14) The toxic chemical byproduct of alcohol metabolism that causes nausea and vomiting is called 14) ______
A) alcohol dehydrogenase. B) acetaldehyde.
C) acetate. D) transacetate.

15) One reason that the effects of alcohol are different for women and men is that 15) ______
A) women are not affected by congeners.
B) women have lower levels of body fat than men.
C) women have less water in their tissues than men.
D) men are not affected by congeners.

16) The ratio of alcohol to total blood volume is the 16) ______
A) complete blood count. B) red blood cell volume.
C) ethyl alcohol density. D) blood alcohol concentration.

17) An addictive drug produced by fermentation is 17) ______

A) congener. B) acetaldehyde.
C) ethyl alcohol. D) dehydrogenase.

18) A driver is always impaired when he or she has a blood alcohol concentration of 18) ______
A) 0.05 percent or higher. B) 0.10 percent or higher.
C) 0.08 percent or higher. D) 0.03 percent or higher.

19) Which of the following is NOT true about a hangover? 19) ______
A) Toxic forms of alcohol known as congeners may be a contributing factor.
B) Irritation of the stomach lining from increased production of hydrochloric acid can
prompt nausea.
C) It usually takes 1-2 hours to recover from a hangover.
D) Hangover signs and symptoms can include diarrhea and depression.

20) Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of alcohol poisoning? 20) ______
A) yellowish tint to the skin B) inability to be roused
C) irregular breathing patterns D) weak, rapid pulse

21) Alcohol consumption during pregnancy can cause significant brain damage and other imp airmen
ts in the 21) ____
fetus; this __
condition
is known
as
A) teratogenic paralysis. B) fetal cirrhosis.
C) fetal alcohol syndrome. D) alcoholic hepatitis.

22) The reduction in alcohol-related driving fatalities since the 1980s is due to 22) ______
A) an increased number of rehabilitation facilities.
B) less restrictive enforcement of laws in some states.
C) a decreased drinking age in many states.
D) zero tolerance laws and increased drinking age.

23) Urinating frequently after alcohol consumption occurs because 23) ______
A) alcohol shrinks the bladder.
B) alcohol is a diuretic.
C) alcohol can be a gastrointestinal irritant.
D) alcohol filters through the kidneys faster than water.

24) The water that is pulled out of the body when someone drinks heavily is taken from 24) ______
A) skeletal muscle. B) fat stores.
C) cerebral tissue. D) cerebrospinal fluid.

25) Jeff has been drinking a lot over the past few months, including frequent binges. His friends are 25) ______
concerned that this behavior puts him at risk for a condition that involves a potentially lethal
blood alcohol concentration. Which condition is this?
A) alcoholic hepatitis B) cirrhosis
C) coronary artery disease D) alcohol poisoning

26) The effects of fetal alcohol syndrome include 26) ______

A) Down's syndrome. B) abnormally large head size.
C) mental retardation. D) passive and calm behavior.

27) Which of the following is TRUE of drinking and driving? 27) ______
A) Over the last 20 years, the percentage of intoxicated drivers involved in fatal crashes has
decreased.
B) The majority of alcohol-impaired driving fatalities occur in the 16- to 20-year-old age
group.
C) More than 50 percent of college students report that they have driven after consuming
alcohol.
D) Twenty percent of all traffic fatalities are alcohol-related.

28) A form of alcohol that metabolizes slowly and produces toxic byproducts is a(n) 28) ______
A) intoxicator. B) congener.
C) ethyl alcohol product. D) distilled alcohol product.

29) The last stage of liver disease that can result from years of heavy drinking is 29) ______
A) fibrosis. B) alcoholic hepatitis.
C) cirrhosis. D) hepatic amyloidosis.

30) Long-term alcohol abusers can develop a chronic and dangerous inflammation of the liver kno wn as
30) ______
A) cirrhosis. B) hepatic amyloidosis.
C) alcoholic hepatitis. D) fibrosis.

31) Which of the following statements about college drinking is TRUE? 31) ______
A) Few students experience negative consequences as a result of alcohol consumption.
B) The majority of college students drink alcohol on a daily basis.
C) Female college students' alcohol consumption is close to that of male college students.
D) Three-quarters of college students are classified as heavy episodic drinkers.

32) Binge drinking is defined for the typical adult as 32) ______
A) 5 or more drinks for females or 6 or more drinks for males in about two hours.
B) 3 or more drinks for females or 4 or more drinks for males in about two hours.
C) 4 or more drinks for females or 5 or more drinks for males in about two hours.
D) 5 or more drinks for both females and males in about two hours.

33) Drinking games result in the consumption of large quantities of alcohol in a short period of 33) ______
time and have been associated with
A) muscle and joint disorders. B) paranoid behavior.
C) developing respiratory problems. D) death from alcohol poisoning.

34) An NIAAA approach to reducing alcohol consumption on campus is 34) ______

A) motivational speakers with recovery messages.
B) Brief Alcohol Screening and Intervention for College Students.
C) the Alcohol e-Check Up to Go (e-Chug).
D) efforts to change the perceived frequency of drinking on campus.

35) Colleges have implemented programs to reduce alcohol use that include a nonjudgmental 35) ______
approach to working with students known as
A) detoxification centers. B) pharmacological therapy.
C) motivational interviewing. D) 12-step programs.

36) If you know you will be at an event where alcohol will be served, what can you do to drink 36) ______
responsibly?
A) Eat shortly before you go and alternate alcoholic and nonalcoholic drinks.
B) Make sure that someone else has volunteered to be a designated driver.
C) Attend with friends who drink more than you do.
D) Don't eat for several hours before the event.

37) When alcohol is inhaled rather than swallowed, 37) ______

A) it is not metabolized prior to entering the bloodstream.
B) it takes about 30 minutes longer to enter the bloodstream.
C) it stimulates the gag reflex.
D) the risk for alcohol toxicity is reduced.

38) Which of the following is TRUE with respect to global health and alcohol use? 38) ______
A) At the same consumption level, men are more likely than women to develop cancer.
B) The highest consumption levels can be found in the developing world.
C) Almost 4 percent of all deaths worldwide are attributed to alcohol.
D) Alcohol is a factor in 30 types of diseases and injuries.
39) Which of the following is TRUE about women and alcoholism? 39) ______
A) Women get addicted faster with less alcohol use than men.
B) Married women are at the highest risk for alcoholism among females.
C) As opposed to men with alcoholism, women with alcoholism have a lower risk for
cirrhosis.
D) Alcoholism death rates are lower for women than for men.

40) The process by which addicts get an addictive substance out of their system as part of ending 40) ______
their dependence on it is
A) intervention. B) resistance. C) detoxification. D) confrontation.

41) When personal and health problems related to alcohol use have become severe and a person 41) ______
suffers withdrawal symptoms if they don't drink, they have reached the point of alcoholism or
A) binge drinking. B) inebriation.
C) tolerance. D) alcohol dependence.

42) Scott spends most of his weekends either drinking or recovering from drinking, and as a result 42) ______
is unable to keep up with his studying and assignments. Scott
A) is a functional alcoholic. B) has drunkorexia.
C) has an alcohol use disorder. D) is alcohol dependent.

43) How many Americans suffer from health disorders caused by tobacco? 43) ______
A) half a million B) 2 million C) 16 million D) 7 million

44) Which of the following is a TRUE statement? 44) ______

A) Tobacco is known to cause about 20 diseases.
B) Tobacco is the second leading cause of preventable death in the United States.
C) More deaths are due to illegal drug use than are due to tobacco use.
D) Twenty-five percent of all regular smokers die of smoking-related diseases.

45) Marketing of tobacco products currently targets all of the following EXCEPT 45) ______
A) college students through music festivals and other targeted events.
B) low-income groups through billboards and posters.
C) men through ads implying masculinity and ruggedness.
D) affluent citizens through community-based events.

46) Which of the following statements about college students and tobacco use is true? 46) ______
A) College women have higher smoking rates than college men.
B) Smoking has decreased among college students during the past decade.
C) In 2016, about 20 percent of college students reported smoking within the past 30 days.
D) College students who identify themselves as social smokers are unlikely to suffer
negative health consequences of their behavior.

47) Which statement BEST summarizes what happens when particulate matter condenses in the 47) ______
lungs?
A) It forms carbon monoxide.
B) It causes delirium tremens.
C) It forms tar, which is a thick, brownish sludge.
D) It paralyzes the cilia for up to an hour.

48) Which of the following statements about nicotine is TRUE? 48) ______
 A) It decreases production of adrenaline.
B) It causes a drop in blood pressure.
C) It is mildly addictive.
D) It is a powerful central nervous system stimulant.

49) What effect does carbon monoxide have on the body? 49) ______
A) It diminishes the oxygen-carrying capacity of the red blood cells.
B) It diminishes hormone production.
C) It binds with dopamine receptors to produce the pleasurable effects associated with
smoking.
D) It irritates nasal passages and lung tissue.

50) Bidis are becoming increasingly popular because they are viewed as safer than regular 50) ______
cigarettes. Research shows that bidis
A) produce five times less tar than cigarettes.
B) produce 20 percent less tar than cigarettes.
C) decrease the smoker's exposure to carbon monoxide as compared to cigarettes.
D) produce three times more nicotine than cigarettes.

51) Which of the following is FALSE about smokeless tobacco? 51) ______
A) Snus is a stringy form of chewing tobacco.
B) It contains more nicotine than cigarettes.
C) Young people's use of smokeless tobacco has been declining steadily since 1999.
D) It is just as addictive as smoking.

52) Which of the following statements about hookas is true? 52) ______
A) Hookah use has been linked to an increased risk for periodontal disease.
B) Hookah use originated in Africa.
C) Hookah use has not been associated with lung cancer or other respiratory disease.
D) A hookah is a type of pipe that uses smokeless tobacco.

53) What substance in cigarettes is a highly addictive stimulant? 53) ______

A) menthol B) carbon monoxide
C) tar D) nicotine

54) The action of nicotine on the cilia of upper respiratory passages prevents them from 54) ______
A) stimulating the cough reflex. B) cleaning out foreign matter.
C) participating in gas exchange. D) producing mucus.

55) What substance in cigarettes is a thick, brownish sludge containing carcinogens? 55) ______
A) nicotine B) carbon monoxide
C) menthol D) tar

56) What substance in certain cigarettes numbs the throat to allow for deeper inhalation? 56) ______
A) tar B) carbon monoxide
C) menthol D) nicotine

57) Risk for developing lung cancer varies among smokers due to all of the following EXCEPT 57) ______
A) age of onset of smoking. B) frequency of smoking.
C) amount of inhalation of cigarette D) tolerance to nicotine.
smoke.
58) Smokeless tobacco users 58) ______
A) have an easier time quitting than cigarette smokers.
B) generally develop cancer after first use more slowly than smokers.
C) rarely "graduate" to cigarette smoking.
D) are significantly more likely to develop oral cancers than nonusers.

59) Which of the following is TRUE about environmental tobacco smoke (ETS)? 59) ______
A) Between 1988 and 2008, detectable levels of nicotine exposure in nonsmokers decreased.
B) As of 2016, all workplaces throughout the United States are required to be 100 percent
smoke-free.
C) ETS has far fewer carcinogens, tar, and nicotine than mainstream smoke.
D) Whereas mainstream smoke is the smoke exhaled by smokers, sidestream smoke is the
smoke emitted from the end of a burning cigarette.

60) A disease associated with smoking in which alveoli are destroyed is known as 60) ______
A) emphysema. B) chronic bronchitis.
C) hepatitis. D) alveolitis.

61) Which of the following is TRUE with respect to the health effects of smoking? 61) ______
A) Women who smoke are more likely to have fertility problems than non-smokers.
B) Nicotine slows the body's use and elimination of medications, increasing their effects.
C) Women can smoke occasionally during pregnancy without ill effects.
D) Smoking can cause erectile dysfunction in men, but not impotence.

62) Smoking contributes to heart disease by doing all of the following EXCEPT 62) ______
A) thinning the plaque in the major blood vessels.
B) weakening tissues.
C) decreasing HDL ("good") cholesterol.
D) increasing platelet adhesiveness.

63) Chewing tobacco can lead to a condition characterized by leathery white patches inside the 63) ______
mouth known as
A) alcoholic hepatitis. B) leukoplakia.
C) oral cancer. D) leukemia.

64) Symptoms of nicotine withdrawal include all of the following EXCEPT 64) ______
A) weakness in the limbs. B) nausea and vomiting.
C) irritability. D) restlessness.

65) Which nicotine replacement product requires a prescription? 65) ______

A) nicotine gum B) nicotine nasal spray
C) nicotine lozenges D) nicotine patch

66) Which of the following statements about nicotine replacement products is true? 66) ______
A) It is easy to overdose with the nasal spray.
B) Nicotine inhalers deliver an unsaturated dose of nicotine to the lungs.
C) A nicotine patch requires a prescription.
D) A piece of nicotine gum delivers about twice the nicotine in a cigarette.

67) Which of the following is a smoking cessation medication? 67) ______

 A) Ambien B) Concerta C) Vicodin D) Zyban

68) Which of the following occurs within 24 hours of quitting smoking? 68) ______
A) Circulation improves.
B) Coughing and shortness of breath decrease.
C) Cilia regrow in the lungs.
D) Chance of heart attack decreases.

TRUE/FALSE. Write 'T' if the statement is true and 'F' if the statement is false.
69) Mixing alcohol with energy drinks reduces the level of alcohol impairment. 69) ______

70) An alcoholic beverage that is 80 proof would be 20 percent alcohol by volume. 70) ______

71) Alcohol and tobacco result in more deaths each year than all illicit drugs combined. 71) ______

72) Worrying about an upcoming test would be likely to increase the alcohol absorption rate in the 72) ______
body.

73) Alcohol intoxication increases the risk of having unprotected sex. 73) ______

74) If a friend passes out and cannot be roused after drinking heavily for hours, you should call 74) ______
9-1-1.

75) Drunkorexia is a term used to describe behavior that combines heavy drinking and disordered 75) ______
eating.

76) Consumption of alcohol is the number-one cause of preventable death among U.S. college 76) ______
students.

77) Most people who are withdrawing from alcohol addiction experience delirium tremens. 77) ______

78) Geneticists have now identified a specific "alcoholism gene" that causes alcohol addiction. 78) ______

79) Advertising for cigarettes targets specific groups in society. 79) ______

80) College students who smoke are more likely to have lower levels of perceived stress than 80) ______
nonsmokers.

81) Cigars are less of a health risk than cigarettes. 81) ______

82) Cigarettes made with ground cloves deliver lower levels of tar and carbon monoxide than 82) ______
regular cigarettes.

83) People who breathe tobacco smoke from another person's cigarette are known as sidestream 83) ______
smokers.

84) Smoking increases the risk for one of the most common causes of blindness in older adults. 84) ______

85) More than half of U.S. smokers make a serious attempt to quit each year. 85) ______

86) Even 15 years after smoking, the risk of death from lung cancer is twice the risk of people who 86) ______
never smoked.
ESSAY. Write your answer in the space provided or on a separate sheet of paper.
87) Explain why any individual, male or female, weighing 140 pounds or less who has had an alcoholic
beverage within the last thirty minutes should not get behind the wheel of a car.

88) Identify three reasons that alcohol consumption increases an individual's risk for suicide.

89) List and describe three possible long-term effects of alcohol intake.

90) List six reasons why college students seem particularly susceptible to alcohol-related problems. What steps
can you take to reduce your risk of having these problems?

91) What treatment options are available for an individual who has a drinking problem?

92) Give two examples of how the tobacco industry Master's Settlement Agreement funds are to be used. Do
you think this use is appropriate? What other productive ways could these funds be spent?

93) How does tobacco use affect the local, state, and national economy?

94) Identify at least two health-related concerns associated with e-cigarettes.

95) Ida has smoked for twenty years. She wakes each morning breathless and coughing persistently. Identify
the respiratory diseases other than lung cancer that Ida is at greatest risk for, identifying her increase in
mortality risk over that of nonsmokers.

96) Domenic is attempting to quit smoking. When the urge to smoke hits, what "four Ds" can help him
overcome it?
 1) D
2) B
3) C
4) D
5) B
6) C
7) A
8) A
9) C
10) C
11) B
12) C
13) D
14) B
15) C
16) D
17) C
18) C
19) C
20) A
21) C
22) D
23) B
24) D
25) D
26) C
27) A
28) B
29) C
30) C
31) C
32) C
33) D
34) B
35) C
36) A
37) A
38) C
39) A
40) C
41) D
42) C
43) C
44) A
45) D
46) B
47) C
48) D
49) A
50) D
51) C
52) A
53) D
54) B
55) D
56) C
57) D
58) D
59) A
60) A
61) A
62) A
63) B
64) A
65) B
66) A
67) D
68) D
69) FALSE
70) FALSE
71) TRUE
72) TRUE
73) TRUE
74) TRUE
75) TRUE
76) TRUE
77) FALSE
78) FALSE
79) TRUE
80) FALSE
81) FALSE
82) FALSE
83) FALSE
84) TRUE
85) TRUE
86) FALSE
87) Males and females weighing 140 pounds or less who have had even one drink in the past hour are sometimes
impaired, and women who weigh 100 pounds or less are usually impaired. Moreover, many variables can affect
blood alcohol concentration and level of impairment, including the amount of food eaten, the volume of alcohol in
the drink consumed, the individual's level of body fat and body water, and more.
88) Alcohol is theorized to increase suicide risk by causing an increase in the intensity of depressive thoughts; by
lowering an individual's inhibitions to harm himself or herself; and by impairing an individual's ability to think
through the future consequences of his or her actions.
89) (Any three of the following)
• Nervous system: Even moderate drinking can cause shrinkage in brain size and weight and loss of some degree
of intellectual ability.
• Cardiovascular system: Moderate consumption may reduce coronary artery disease by increasing HDL ("good")
cholesterol and reducing inflammation. However, heavy alcohol use contributes to high blood pressure, increasing
the risk of heart attack and stroke.
• Liver disease: Cirrhosis or inflammation of the liver can be fatal.
• Cancer: Alcohol use is linked to cancers of the esophagus, stomach, mouth, liver, colon, rectum, and breast.
Alcohol can be considered carcinogenic.
Test Bank for Health: The Basics, 13th Edition Rebecca J. Donatelle

• inflammation of pancreas; inhibits enzyme production and affects nutrient metabolism; blocks absorption of
Other: calcium, thereby affecting bone development; decreased immunity.
90) • Alcohol exacerbates the already high rate for suicide, crashes, and falls.
• Norms and traditions in college encourage dangerous patterns of alcohol use.
• University campuses are a target for alcohol advertising.
• Beer and other drink specials enable students to consume large amounts of alcohol cheaply.
• College students are particularly vulnerable to peer influences.
• College administrators often deny that alcohol problems exist on their campuses.
Steps to reduce risk include setting a limit for consumption, using a designated driver, and avoiding parties where
you expect heavy drinking.
91) There are support groups such as Alcoholics Anonymous, private treatment facilities, hospitals, and community
mental health facilities. Psychologists can also provide therapy (group, individual, or family) aimed at examining
the underlying causes of addiction and providing positive coping strategies.
92) Smoking cessation education and advertising; research to determine the effect of smoking cessation strategies;
reduce tobacco industry promotions and advertising directed at youth. Answers to the questions will vary based
on student opinion.
93) Tobacco production benefits economies in tobacco-growing states, and cigarette taxes benefit local, state, and
federal governments. However, the diseases associated with tobacco use are so numerous and so severe that they
impose a staggering financial burden–between $289 and $333 billion–in costs of medical treatment and lost
productivity. These costs far exceed the revenues from taxes on tobacco products.
94) Answers will vary but should include two or more of the following:
• No reliable research evidence yet exists on the health effects of the chemicals present in the aerosolized vapors
emitted from e-cigarettes.
• Carcinogenic chemicals have been found in secondhand e-cigarette vapors.
• The health effects of e-cigarettes are not fully understood.
• The nicotine in e-cigarettes is as addictive as the nicotine in traditional cigarettes.
95) Ida is up to 25 times more likely to die of respiratory disease than nonsmokers. The respiratory diseases other than
lung cancer she is most at risk for are chronic bronchitis, which is characterized by lung inflammation and a
persistent cough, and emphysema, in which the alveoli (tiny air sacs) of the lungs are destroyed and breathing
becomes difficult.
96) Domenic should:
• Take a deep breath.
• Drink water.
• Do something else, such as chewing a piece of gum or carrot stick, calling a friend, or going for a walk.
• Delay; that is, wait ten minutes.

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