Working Principle of Boiler

Understanding the working of the boiler is very simple. The boiler is a closed vessel in which the
water is stored. Hot gases are produced by burning fuel in the furnace. These hot gases are made to
come in contact with the water vessel where the heat transfer takes place between the water and the
steam. Therefore, the basic principle of the boiler is to convert water into steam by using heat
energy.

Parts of Boiler
The parts of a boiler can be classified into two divisions:

SARAMILLAS- Boiler mounting

These are the essential parts that defined the performance of the boiler.

Water level indicator

This is used to check the water level inside the boiler which is fitted in the front of the boiler consisting
of three cocks and a glass tube.

Pressure gauge
This is used to measure the pressure inside the boiler which is fitted in the front of the boiler.

CAPADOCIA- Safety valve

This is fitted on the drum and is used to prevent the explosion of the boiler due to high pressure which
blows off when the pressure inside exceeds the limit. These are always present two.

Stop valve
This is used to control the flow of steam from the boiler to the steam pipe.

Blow off cock

This is fitted at the bottom of the drum and is used to blow off mud and water and is used to empty
the boiler.

FRANCISCO - Feed check valve

This is used as a Non-Return Valve which is fitted slightly below the normal water level on the drum.
It is used to regulate the supply of water.
Grate
It is the space in the furnace used to burn the fuel.

Boiler accessories
These are the parts that are responsible for the efficiency of the boiler.

GIRMALDO- Feed pump

It is used to pump the water into the boiler for continuous working. Either electricity or steam turbine is
used for the running of the feed pump.

Super heater
This is used to superheat the steam before it is passed in the turbine as saturated steam causes
corrosion.

MANONGSOG - Economizer
It is used to increase the efficiency of the boiler as the flue gases from the boiler is made to flow
through the economizer before releasing it to the atmosphere.

Air preheater
It is also used to increase the efficiency of the boiler by preheating the air.