0.

When I was growing up

Page 8
1. Personal answer
2. a) 2016 b) 2016 c) 2010 d) 2010 e) 2015 f) 2013 g) 2019 h) 2011 i) 2014
My world
Possible answers: Portugal won the 2016 Euro Cup; there were tragic forest fires like Pedrógão
Grande; Salvador Sobral won the Eurovision Song Contest

Page 9
1.1 A. Gangnam style – Psy
1.2 C. Orange is the New Black
1.3 A. Fortnite – Battle Royale
1.4 B. Ed Sheeran – Shape of you
1.5 B. Green Book
1.6 C. Lady Bird

Page 10
1. A. Freezing for a cause B. Crazy chase C. Ripped up treasure

Page 11
1. Possible answers: Art can speak as it interacts with our emotions and it usually conveys strong
messages and often offers a critique on social, political and economic issues.
2. A. It suggests that there can always be a peaceful resolution for our conflicts. B. It suggests that
people are falling into a spiral of consumerism.
3. a) likes b) combine c) will see / will have seen / must have seen d) started e) had f) was
released g) was nominated h) didn’t attend i) doesn’t sell j) have attempted k) have left

Page 12
1.
a) 4 b) 3 c) 5 d) 7 e) 6 f) 2 g) 1
2.
a) out b) down c) up d) away e) away f) away g) away h) down
3. Possible answer: Both the song and the video remind us that we have the tools and the strength
we need to face our future life and pursue our goals. The important thing is never to give up.

Page 13
1. 1.1 d 1.2 c 1.3 a 1.4 c 1.5 b 1.6 d
2. a) used to listen to b) I were you, I would c) will be visited by d) would have stayed longer e) if
he realised what f) been to Manchester since g) were scored by

1. We are the world

1.1 English-speaking countries
Page 16
1.1 Check the interactive map at Aula Digital
1.2
1. Canada 2. Ireland 3. Nigeria 4. South Africa 5. Pakistan 6. Papua New Guinea
a) South Africa b) Nigeria c) Canada d) Pakistan e) South Africa f) Papua New Guinea g) Pakistan
h) Ireland i) Papua New Guinea j) Nigeria

Page 17
1. a) music b) traditions c) beliefs d) art e) values f) fashion g) literature h) history i) sports
j) folklore k) cuisine
Key word: STEREOTYPES
2. a) belief b) members c) features d) differences
3.
UK: a, b, d, f, i
US: c, e, g, h, j

Page 19
2.1 b 2.2 c 2.3 b 2.4 a 2.5 a 2.6 b
Master Speaker
Thank you: c, d, f, g
You’re welcome: a, i, j, l
Sorry: b, e, h, k

Page 20
1. a) am flying b) choose c) seems d) am; going to love e) posts f) am reading g) stretch h) lands
i) are going to watch/are watching
2. a) are you doing/are you going to do b) are planning c) am working d) will finish e) will be f) am
meeting g) don’t; come h) Will; pick

Page 21
1. a) Haka (New Zealand) b) Holi (India) c) Groundhog Day (US)
2.
Groundhog Day: b, d, h
Holi: b, c, g, h
Haka: a, e, f, g
3. a) hands, arms, feet, eyes and tongue. b) prepare the players for the challenge ahead.
c) coloured water and powder at one another. d) caste, gender, age, and status. e) 2nd February
f) if spring will arrive early or not.
Page 23
1. a) broke b) couldn’t c) did; smell d) walked e) smelled/smelt f) didn’t; know g) were; doing
h) were; trying i) wanted j) had been k) became l) was reading m) was thinking n) were bullying

Page 25
2. a) 3 b) 1 c) 4 d) 2
3. a) openness b) guessed c) cajoling d) shabby e) foreign f) insults
4.1 Akunna says she won the lottery because America would give her a better life and more
opportunities, such as a car and a house.
4.2 Some think she’s from Jamaica because of her accent and because she’s black.
4.3 Selling dried fish and plantains was common; money was tight; teachers were bribed to give
good marks.
4.4 Americans’ openness; food waste; lack of style and fashion sense; obesity amongst poor people.
4.5 “many did not have a big house and car; you still were not sure about the guns, though” (lines
29-30)
Words at work
a) 5 b) 3 c) 1 d) 4 e) 2

Page 26
1. A. to; so B. although; even though; however; whereas C. because; due to D. therefore; that’s
why; as a result of
2. 1. e, 8 2. c, 6 3. a, 9 4. f, 7 5. d, 10

Page 27
3. a) As b) Although c) As a result d) In spite of e) so f) in order to g) while
4. a) I’m checking some websites so that I can find out more about backpacking adventures.
b) Despite not speaking English very well, I’d like to work in London for a year. c) It was very cold in
Canada, so Louise didn’t enjoy her stay there during winter.
5. Possible answer: Every day the young man goes out to the wilderness to read to his favourite
elephant because nobody seems to understand his passion for mystery, adventure and stories of
faraway countries. However, deep down he’d like to share his dreams with someone special. This
morning, a neighbour his age followed him in order to see what he was up to. Despite not being
adventurous, he loved the young man’s story and they decided they were going to travel and have
similar stories to tell. The elephant would be at their side always.

Page 28
1. a) striped, floral, checked, polka-dot, spotted b) tight, loose-fitting, clingy, oversized, baggy
c) vintage, boho, funky, ethnic, sporty d) extravagant, sleek, flattering, polished, stunning
2. a) clingy b) oversized; baggy c) vintage; boho d) flattering e) boho
3. a) extravagant b) stunning c) funky d) loose-fitting

Page 30
a) Scotland b) India c) Ireland d) Australia e) Jamaica f) USA
Page 31
1.1 b 1.2 a 1.3 b 1.4 b 1.5 a 1.6 c 1.7 b 1.8 b 1.9 a 1.10 a
2. Possible answer: Language reflects the values and beliefs of a culture, and it is the way by which
we communicate and create a sense of community. However, even countries which speak the same
language may develop different accents, dialects and traditions depending on their cultural origins
and historical and local relationships.

1.2 Cultures go global

Page 32
1.1 a) obvious b) skin c) confuse d) white e) seas f) wonders g) women h) same i) type j) alike
k) alike
1.3 The message is that although everyone is different, we actually have more things in common
that unite us than things that keep us apart.
2. a) apart b) sharing c) backgrounds d) ethnicities e) collaborative f) genetic g) coexist
h) together

Page 33
1.1 They are all British.
1.2 A: athlete B: writer C: actor D: singer E: footballer
1.3 They have the same nationality although their names may make us think otherwise.
1.4 That nationalities are now made up of people from different origins and backgrounds.
2.1 a) 1 b) 2 c) 4 d) 1 e) 3 f) 4 g) 1 h) 2
3. Possible answer: A child who grows up in a different culture from the one in which his/her
parents grew up.

Page 35
2. a) 5 b) 2 c) 4
3. a) Singapore b) her friends c) Singapore d) her father
4.1 She feels sad and nostalgic, already missing places and friends.
4.2 She realised she was seen as a foreigner there and didn’t really fit in.
4.3 Personal answer.
4.4 A TCK is a person who has spent a significant part of his or her developmental years outside
his/her parents’ culture.
Master speaker
a) simple b) rich c) afraid d) calm e) easy f) dirty g) expensive h) clean i) beautiful j) difficult

Page 36
1.1 b 1.2 a 1.3 b 1.4 c 1.5 c 1.6 b 1.7 b 1.8 c

Page 38
1. at: b, d, k
in: c, h, o
on: e, f, l
by: g, j, m
for: a, i, n
2. a) at all costs b) at once c) in vain d) at a loss e) on purpose f) for fear of g) On behalf of
3. a) in favour of b) by means of c) by surprise d) for a change e) for the sake of

Page 39
1. a) 5 b) 2 c) 3 d) 1 e) 7 f) 4 g) 6
2. a) Identity b) expats c) mindset d) citizen e) acculturation f) background g) heritage

Page 40
1.1 a) 3, 5, 8 b) 2, 6 c) 1, 4, 7
2. a) colour of my skin b) within c) their ways d) says e) better days f) see g) different from me h)
equality
2. Possible answers:
2.1 She feels discriminated against and undervalued because of the colour of her skin.
2.2 The melting pot society, where differences are supposed to melt into the dominant culture.

Page 41
2. Make: a speech, plans, money, a suggestion, a list, a meal, a promise, a prediction, an offer,
arrangements
Do: a good job, your hair, a course, the shopping, a favour, a project, the homework, the right thing,
research, business
3. a) doing a project b) make a speech c) make plans d) do the right thing e) make money f) doing
the homework g) made arrangements

Page 42
1. a) 3 b) 1 c) 4 d) 2

Page 43
2. a) hang out b) what the hell c) to get jumped d) that’s that e) Just my luck
3. a) he was the only white student there and everyone seemed to have a troubled background.
b) with students from their own social or ethnic group. c) is that he would only have to
deal with popular kids who think they’re superior. d) he feels a bit threatened and out of place in
the classroom.
4. Possible answer: Either way, I think this isn’t the place for me. I have to try to swap classes or else
I’m doomed. If things blow up, I’m going to be as discrete as possible.
Words at work
1. b
2. a) slip my mind b) speak her mind c) came to mind d) lost your mind e) mind your language

Page 44
1.1 c 1.2 b 1.3 a 1.4 c 1.5 a

Page 45
2. a) anybody b) somewhere c) nobody d) Everybody e) Nothing
3. a) nothing – 3. Everything b) anyone – 5. Everything c) somewhere – 2. anywhere
d) Everybody – 1. Nowhere e) someone/anyone – 4. Nobody
4. a) Everyone congratulated me b) he can’t go / won’t go / isn’t going anywhere in c) I couldn’t /
didn’t remember anything d) someone finds out about my e) understood nothing
5. Personal answers.

Page 47
1.
(line 1) feeling – passion
(line 5) New York – Hollywood
(line 8) stars – sun
(line 23) train – plane
(line 27) zones – codes
(line 29) world – globe
2.1 Lines 9 to 12
2.2 Lines 5 to 8; lines 23 to 25
2.3 Possible answer: I agree, as they are a mixed group of teens, each coming from a different
country and culture and still working perfectly as a whole.

Page 48

Page 49
1.1 c 1.2 a 1.3 c 1.4 c 1.5 a 1.6 b 1.7 b 1.8 b 1.9 a 1.10 c
2. Possible answer: Whenever you feel you have trouble adapting to a new place or situation, you
shouldn’t try to be a different person just to fit in or be accepted; you should be yourself, be flexible
and openminded and show people your true self.

1.3 Stronger together

Page 50
1. a) tonight b) sun c) chest d) fight e) mind f) war g) seen h) hand i) better
2.1 Optimistic. We see it in the vocabulary used like “faith”,” no fear”, “build it better”.
2.2 “You’ve faith and no fear for the fight”; “Army of lovers”; “people of the open hand”. These
people are ready to fight for a better world because they have hope for the future, they are kind,
generous and open to the world.
Page 51
1.1 The different smiley in picture A feels sad among the crowd and in picture B it feels happy.
1.2 to 1.4 Personal answers.
2.1 b, e
2.2 “White privilege” refers to the rights and benefits white people have simply because they are
white. It exists when in their everyday life they are treated differently and sometimes with more
respect; when other people seem to trust them more or assume they may be smarter or wealthier.
2.3 Personal answer.
3. a) Garden Heights b) their people live there c) the local school d) Williamson
4. Possible answer: She may be saying that because sometimes we have to behave differently
from our real selves in order to fit in or to be accepted, we have to pretend to be someone we are
not, our “version 2”.

Page 53
2. a) white friends b) sneakers c) Maya, Hailey, Chris d) black persons
3. a) flipping the switch (lines 2-3) b) holds her tongue (line 6) c) approachable (line 7)
d) nonconfrontational (line 8) e) scan (line 11)
4. a) She never uses slang; she never answers back when annoyed; she’s approachable and
nonconfrontational. b) She can’t stand herself for doing it. c) “Luckily, I was born with one” (line
13); “Because apparently when… of our grade” (lines 16-18)
5.1 She can’t be herself at school because she believes that would change the way her friends see
her and she wouldn’t be easily accepted.
5.2 It’s divided into two different worlds.
5.3 Her mother believes she can date whoever she wants, but her father would probably want her
to date another black kid.
Words at work
a) really cool b) show off c) upset d) lie e) over the top

Page 54
1. a) of b) to c) for d) about e) with
2. a) popular b) beneficial c) scared d) serious e) patient
3. a) is not typical of b) so many people indifferent to c) be responsible for d) crazy about travelling

Page 55
1. a) their role in the world b) diversity c) the world works d) a local and global level e) social
injustice f) a more sustainable place g) their actions and interactions h) Flexible; Creative; Proactive
i) Problem-solving; Decision-making; Critical thinking; Communication; Collaboration
2. a) with purpose b) all cultures c) between us d) future first e) differences aside f) one another
g) for all h) we grew i) we hoped j) tied together
My views
The poem talks about the need for union, equality, no divides, no discrimination, of a human race
tied together in harmony; these ideals will only be achieved if we strive to become global citizens
as defined above.
Page 56
1. a) animosity b) minority c) bigotry d) xenophobia e) exclusion f) prejudice g) segregation
h) bias i) inequity j) scapegoat k) hatred
2. a) solidarity b) fairness c) privilege d) openness

Page 59
2. a) title b) include c) gather d) awareness e) expanding f) willingness g) beyond h) creating
3. a) 4 b) 1 c) 2 d) 3
Master speaker
1. 5, 2, 3, 4, 1
2. a) through b) thorough c) Though d) tough e) thought

Page 60
1. a) have heard; since b) So far; haven’t felt c) haven’t understood; yet d) has taken; since
2. a) ✓ b) have suffered… since / suffered… when c) Did you read / Have you ever read
3. She has travelled by plane twice. She has lived in a nice house with her family for two years now.
She hasn’t adapted to her new school yet. She hasn’t found a BBF yet. She visited Buckingham
Palace last month. She rode the London Eye a few months ago. She has never eaten fish’n’chips.

Page 61
1. a) has been leaving – 3 b) has been crying – 1 c) have been studying – 2
2. a) have been volunteering b) has been c) have already helped d) has been teaching e) have
been trying f) have encountered g) have gained h) Have you ever felt i) have been doing

Page 62
1. a) 6 b) 4 c) 1 d) 7 e) 2 f) 5 g) 3
2. a) black and white b) paint a black picture c) black market d) white lie e) black sheep f) black
spot g) as white as a sheet
3. Possible answers:
3.1 They have to answer yes/no questions related to different forms of discrimination.
3.2 “tWitch” answered yes every time whilst Allison only answered yes once.
3.3 To highlight racial disparities and the fact that black people face different forms of
discrimination, which demonstrates the reality of white privilege.

Page 64
1.1/1.2
3. Stand By Me : Sam Smith & John Legend
2. Smile: Lady Gaga
1. Wonderful World : Camila Cabello & Shawn Mendes
2. A. Stand By Me B. Wonderful World C. Smile

Page 65
1.1 c 1.2 a 1.3 c 1.4 b 1.5 b 1.6 b 1.7 a 1.8 c 1.9 b 1.10 c
2. Possible answer: Injustice shouldn’t be tolerated anywhere as it’s a question of human dignity.
We all have a moral responsibility to take a stand when we witness injustice. The change should start
within ourselves.

1.4 A helping hand

Page 66
1. a) Anyone who needs help or is going through a difficult situation. b) There will always be a
helping hand for those in need.
2.1/2.2 A. A homeless person. B. A man carrying a wounded girl in a war zone. C. Refugees or
displaced people in a refugee camp. D. A displaced person in an area devastated by a natural
disaster.
2.3–2.5 Personal answers.

Page 67
1. See Apresentação at Aula Digital.
2.1 Refugees and migrants need to be accepted, helped, treated with dignity and protected as stated
in the posters.
3. a) Kosovo b) one year old c) the UK d) making negative judgements and turning a blind eye
e) 20,000 f) to reach out and embrace families in need. g) racism and indifference. h) for attitudes
to change and for us to take action.
4. Personal answer.

Page 69
2. a) 3 b) 4 c) 2 d) 1
3.1 c 3.2 a 3.3 d 4.1 b 4.2 c 4.3 a 4.4 a

Page 70
1. a) hadn’t helped – 2 b) 5 – would feel c) will be – 1 d) 4 – would you choose e) 3 – had known
2. a) had chosen b) wouldn’t have found c) lost/had lost d) would want/would have wanted
e) will/could buy f) keep/kept g) get h) will be

Page 71
1. a) Unless b) if c) unless d) If
2. a) knew how to communicate with them, I wouldn’t need your help. b) Leo watches this
documentary, he won’t understand the refugees’ hardships. c) they hadn’t been rude to the
displaced families, Matilda wouldn’t have got so upset. d) you ask Xavier nicely, he won’t help you
with the campaign. e) Syria wasn’t in a civil war, Fatimah wouldn’t need to flee her country.
3. Possible answers:
a) she will use her iPad to find her way. b) I would make children/ education a priority. c) they
wouldn’t have argued about it later.

Page 73
1. a) 8 b) 7 c) 5 d) 2 e) 1 f) 6 g) 3 h) 4
2. a) 1 b) 3 c) 1 d) 2 e) 3 f) 1 g) 3 h) 2
Page 75
2. a) Independent, sustainable, volunteer organisation b) Local community c) Rescue good food and
feed people in need d) Non-profit (incurs only costs and investment) e) Provide food to everyone in
need with the active participation and responsibility of citizens
3. a) dignity b) benevolence c) mission d) harmony e) difference f) gratitude
4. a) Volunteer service b) Gratitude c) Inclusion d) Respect/Equality
Words at work
1. The words are homophones: they have the same pronunciation but have different meanings and
spelling.
2. a) mail b) male c) piece d) peace e) brake f) break

Page 76
1. Dwayne Johnson: a, c, g
Lady Gaga: d, f, h
Miley Cyrus: b, e, i
2. a) T b) T c) F d) F e) T f) T g) F h) F

Page 77
1. a) 3 b) 2 c) 1 d) 3 e) 4 f) 4 g) 1 h) 2

Page 78
1. a) could do b) had c) had known d) were e) knew
2. a) hadn’t lost his job. b) were not so hard to find. c) hadn’t moved to a smaller house. d) could
contribute more. e) were nicer and more supportive.

Page 80
1.
a) 2 b) 11 c) 10 d) 5 e) 4 f) 6 g) 1 h) 8 i) 3 j) 9 k) 7

Page 81
1.1 c 1.2 c 1.3 a 1.4 a 1.5 b 1.6 b 1.7 c 1.8 a 1.9 b 1.10 a
2. Possible answer: You can intend all you want, but unless you act on those intentions, then you
won’t have helped anybody. A small gesture will help others more than the best plan you have in
mind if you do nothing with it.

Page 82
Photo A
1.1 Jesse Owens won four gold medals (100-meter dash, 200-meter dash, long jump, 4-by-100-meter
relay).
1.2 1936, Olympic Games in Berlin.
1.3 He became the first black man to win a medal in the Olympics and became a symbol by proving
Hitler’s myth of Aryan supremacy wrong.
Photo B
1.1 The refugee crisis in Kosovo.
1.2 3rd March 1999, refugee camp in Albania.
1.3 It was a wake-up call to the world for the atrocities being committed.
Photo C
1.1 A terrorist attack on the World Trade Center by members of al-Qaeda.
1.2 September 11, 2001, in New York.
1.3 Many governments across the world passed legislation to combat terrorism.
Photo D
1.1 Coronavirus pandemic.
1.2 It started in China at the end of 2019 and spread across the world.
1.3 Massive change in people’s behaviour for health reasons.
All photos
1.4 They raised awareness of the problems that we, globally, may face and how it’s important to
unite and use our common strengths to deal with challenges. Several social, political, and economic
measures were taken on a global scale after certain events. This shows that every country can play
an active role in creating a more peaceful and fairer world.

2. There’s no planet B
2.1 The world under threat
Page 88
1. a) renewable b) fuels c) emission d) deforestation e) flora f) forests g) habitats h) warming
i) greenhouse j) energy

Page 89
1. Personal answer.
2. a) 5 b) 1 c) 4 d) 2 e) 3
3. Personal answer.

Page 90
1. a) home b) civilization c) species d) inhabitants e) privileged f) vastness g) stand h) humbling
i) preserve

Page 91
2. a) par. 3 b) par. 1 c) par. 2 d) par. 4
3. b) vast b) momentary c) endless d) fervent
4. a) folly b) tiny c) underscores d) cherish
5. a) mote of dust suspended in a sunbeam b) very small stage; dot; pixel c) point of pale light;
lonely speck d) tiny world; pale blue dot
6.1 In order to emphasise how such a tiny dot as planet Earth can be home to everything and
everyone that has ever existed.
6.2 There’s so much conflict and hatred for so little. It all seems absurd.
6.3 No, we aren’t. Our planet is very small when compared to the universe and as we stand alone in
a vast area, we depend solely on each other to survive.
6.4 To highlight how important it is for us to unite and care for planet Earth.
What if
Possible answers: climate change, global warming, plastic pollution, deforestation, air pollution,
increased carbon footprint…

Page 92
1. a) greenhouse effect b) global warming c) ozone layer d) climate change e) melting glaciers
f) sea level g) natural habitats h) endangered species i) fossil fuels j) renewable energies
My world
a) efeito de estufa b) aquecimento global c) camada de ozono d) alterações climáticas
e) degelo dos glaciares f) nível do mar g) habitats naturais h) espécies em vias de extinção
i) combustíveis fosseis j) energias renováveis

Page 93
1. a) so b) such an c) so d) such a e) so
2. a) had such devastating consequences that the government declared a state of emergency.
b) such an obvious decision to join the strike for climate change that we didn’t even question it.
c) environmental campaign is so impressive that we want to participate as well.

Page 94
1. a) fifth: sixth b) animals: mammals; pets: livestock c) 17%: 70% d) creations:
connections; will: peril e) ageing: growing; production: consumption
2. a) limited b) common; overpopulation; environmental c) negative d) evolution; entire e) cheap;
pollution f) deforestation; bottled
3. Possible answer: It’s a problem that arises when people neglect the well-being of society in the
pursuit of short-term personal gain. This leads to overconsumption and depletion of natural
resources.

Page 96
1. a) 2 b) 1 c) 4 d) 3

Page 97
2.1 b 2.2 c 2.3 a 2.4 d
Master speaker
1. a) tremendous b) dizzying c) gorgeous
2. a) massive, sizable, substantial b) astonishing, mind-boggling, unimaginable c) dazzling, stunning,
ravishing
3. compelling, engrossing, enthralling: very interesting

Page 98
1. a) harder than b) more pleasant c) safer d) more important than e) the most harmful f) more
sustainable than g) the most common h) deadlier than i) smaller j) the most fulfilling

Page 99
1. a) higher and higher b) worse and worse c) more and more aware
2. a) The more harmful; the more dangerous b) The higher; the greater c) The more informed;
the more sensible
3. a) I listened to his speech, the more interested I became b) is getting wider and wider c) harder
the environmental campaigns, the more rewarding they are d) are becoming more and more severe
e) sensitive your skin is, the more careful you need to be

Page 100
1. a) bee – 4 b) cat – 2 c) fish – 5 d) ants – 1 e) rat – 3
2. a) smell a rat b) had a bee in his bonnet c) had ants in her pants d) let the cat out of the bag
e) other fish to fry
3. a) Hold your horses b) as the crow flies c) gone to the dogs d) donkey work e) the early bird

Page 102
A. jumping stick; tropical forests B. poodle moth; Venezuela C. streaked tenrec; Madagascar
D. mantis shrimp; subtropical waters E. pangolin; savannah grassland F. platypus; freshwater lakes
G. tarsier; Southeast Asia H. quokka; Western Australia I. red-lipped batfish; Galapagos

Page 103
1.1 a 1.2 c 1.3 c 1.4 a 1.5 b 1.6 b 1.7 c 1.8 c 1.9 a 1.10 b
2. Possible answer: In the past, nature gave us the tools to know how to survive and prosper.
Currently, we are destroying nature so as to satisfy our immediate needs, challenging the natural
evolution process and even putting some parts of it at risk of extinction.

2.2 A global call

Page 104
1.1 count – matter; very little – tiny; delicate – fragile; common – ordinary; issue – question
1.2 Possible answer: This is a call to action, an appeal for people to speak up and start moving away
from this overconsumption society which is ruining the planet.
2. Personal answer.

Page 105
1.1 a) sea level rise b) droughts c) fire tornados d) wildfires e) tropical storms f) hurricanes
g) cyclones h) heat waves i) downpours j) floods
1.2 a) legislation and bills; emissions; weather forecasting b) agriculture; fuel and energy;
freshwater supplies; livestock
2. Possible answer: He may be trying to apply his money to new technologies to fight climate
change.
3./4. Personal answers.

Page 107
2. a) former (line 21) b) experts (line 23) c) well versed (line 23) d) data (line 24) e) dent (line 28) f)
deploy (line 28)
3. a) 51 billion: tons of greenhouse gases emitted per year; zero: future target for greenhouse gas
emissions. b) Because our modern lifestyle still involves releasing greenhouse gases into the
atmosphere. c) We must invent and use new tools and work swiftly. d) Two former Microsoft
colleagues and two climate scientists. e) Greenhouse gas emissions are connected to (or cause)
climate change. f) They aren’t enough to get us to zero carbon emissions.
4. It’s important to create innovative technologies that will help us achieve the goal of zero carbon
emissions.
Words at work
1. b
2. a) go along with b) go for c) go over d) go about e) go against

Page 108
1. a) scientists and tech developers can help solve the global warming issue. b) bystanders or
change makers with an active role in the process. c) politicians nor common citizens should ignore
what is happening. d) the planet but also human survival on the planet.
2. a) Raising our voice for the environment is not only an urgent call but also our moral duty as
citizens. b) Some countries are neither acknowledging the threat nor doing their part. c) Being
environmentally friendly involves a change both in eating habits and in shopping behaviour.
d) Either we stop global warming or we deal with the consequences.

Page 109
1. a) shine b) teacup c) nine d) rainy day e) rainbows f) storm g) clouds h) check
2. a) on cloud nine b) a storm in a teacup c) chase rainbows d) have your head in the clouds e)
take a rain check f) come rain or shine g) save up for a rainy day h) calm before the storm
3. a) come rain or shine b) on cloud nine c) a storm in a teacup d) chasing rainbows e) take a
rain check f) head in the clouds g) calm before the storm h) save up for a rainy day
My world
Possible answers: a) faça chuva ou faça sol b) tempestade num copo de água c) estar nas nuvens
d) fazer um pé de meia e) perseguir quimeras f) calmaria antes da tempestade g) ter a cabeça na
lua h) deixar/ficar para a próxima

Page 110
1.1 a 1.2 b 1.3 c 1.4 b 1.5 a 1.6 c 1.7 c

Page 112
1. a) We have no hidden agenda b) You are one of us c) I am in the same boat as you

Page 113
2. a) times of darkness (line 1) b) ordinary folks (line 2) c) courage (line 2) d) closer (line 6)
e) insight (line 8) f) unique (line 9)
3. a) 3 b) 4 c) 1
4.1 Contrary to young people, adults lack the energy and motivation to fight and are more willing to
conform.
4.2 They are seen as less biased or influenced by society and their goals are more authentic and
legitimate.
4.3 Young people shouldn’t be afraid of taking a stand and speaking their mind about what they
believe to be right.
4.4 To provide guidance to those who want to become activists for a cause.
Master speaker
1. a) tired b) difficult
2. a) sturdy b) wrecked c) tricky d) no sweat
3. a) wrecked b) tricky c) no sweat d) sturdy

Page 114
1. a) must b) might c) can’t d) Could
2. a) may/might/could/should/can b) would c) should d) mustn’t/ shouldn’t; may/might/can/could
e) could/may/ might

Page 115
1. a) can’t b) must/should c) should
2. a) Marla must have left her speech at home because it’s not here. b) Chris should have
congratulated Sue on her outstanding campaign. c) Ann might have forgotten to tell her parents
about the climate strike. d) Peter can’t have noticed the hotel wasn’t eco-friendly or he wouldn’t
have come.

Page 116
1.1 a) T b) T c) F d) F e) T
1.2 a; b; d; f; g
1.3 The climate change problem won’t be resolved by individual actions; we need a systematic,
and global change supported by governments and world leaders.
2. a) lots of people will get hurt or die b) natural disasters (such as hurricanes and floods) c) loss of
biodiversity d) free bus passes e) bike lanes f) regulations for single-use plastics

Page 118
1. True statements
A. When animals start to gobble up its leaves, the tree increases tannin production to levels that
are toxic to animals. The tree then emits a cloud of ethylene gas that travels through the air,
reaching other trees.
C. Sharks kill an average of four people per year while cows kill an average of 22 annually (mainly
due to road accidents).
D. African buffalo herds are known to select the direction they’ll travel by voting. One by one, the
adult females of the herd will stand up, look in a particular direction. Whichever direction gets the
most looks is where the herd travels.
G. There have been numerous reports that if you shoot an armadillo, the bullet will ricochet off the
animal's armor.
H. The world boasts of over 7 billion people, while the number of ants is 100 trillion. Interestingly,
the total combined weights of the 100 trillion ants is greater than that of human beings.
False statements
B. Paper can be recycled a maximum of six times, after which, its fibres become too weak to hold
together.
E. Hurricanes release the energy of 10,000 nuclear bombs. If you measure it in terms of rainfall,
though, a hurricane releases the force of 10,000 atomic bombs over an area about 413 miles wide.
F. Scientists estimate that there are between 200-400 billion stars in our galaxy. But there are an
estimated 1 trillion trees on Earth surpassing the number of stars in the Milky Way.
I. The ocean produces up to 85 percent of the Earth’s oxygen. Phytoplankton live in the upper layers
of water and use photosynthesis to convert sunlight into energy, creating oxygen in the process.

Page 119
1.1 c 1.2 a 1.3 b 1.4 c 1.5 c 1.6 b 1.7 a 1.8 b 1.9 c 1.10 a
2. Possible answer: Earth is our home and therefore it’s our collective responsibility to save and
protect it. We should all raise awareness of the challenges the planet faces and participate actively
to reduce pollution.

2.3 Playing my part

Page 121
1.1 Air pollution is clouding the city and then the sky is clear.
1.2 The lockdown period due to the pandemic
1.3 Personal answer.
2. inside – home; quiet – still; neighbours – shadows; cruel – heartless; dreams – images
3.1 When people stay home and consume less, the environment is cleaner.
3.2 All the concepts on the right are consequences of excessive consumption of a huge amount of
products.
4. Personal answer.

Page 122
Step 1: Turn it off; Step 2: Invest in eco-friendly technology; Step 3: Check your diet; Step 4: Don’t
waste food; Step 5: Recycle everything; Step 6: Buy local; Step 7: Choose wisely

Page 123
2. a) 3; pointlessly / essentially b) 4; evidently / unremarkably c) 1; sensibly / foolishly d) 2;
genuinely / questionably
3. DOs: Hit the off switch; Buy energy-efficient technology; Recycle everything you can; Buy local.
DON’Ts: Don’t leave your electricals on standby; Don’t have red meat so often; Don’t waste food;
Don’t use products with microbeads.
4. a) Don’t use products with microbeads. b) Don’t leave your electricals on standby / Hit the off
switch. c) Buy local. d) Don’t waste food. e) Buy energy-efficient technology.
Master speaker
1. a) 6 b) 3 c) 5 d) 2 e) 2 f) 1 g) 4

Page 124
1. a) pay b) save c) keep d) break e) come
1.1 a) a visit b) yourself the trouble c) someone posted d) even e) to an end
2. a) pay a fine – 3 b) 4 – saving money c) break the news – 1 d) 2 – come close
3. a) pay the price b) came into view; keep… safe c) save yourself the trouble d) keep me posted;
saving energy
Page 125
1. a) 3 b) 6 c) 2 d) 1 e) 5 f) 4
2. clothing tags, desiccants, saran wrap, plastic sticker, produce stickers, credit card, plastic price tag
holders, lids, gaffer’s tape, plastic straws, hair accessories, curtain pull, synthetic bow, band aids,
sock, wristbands; food packaging, ribbons from gifts.
3. Personal answers.

Page 127
1. a) some b) any c) some d) no e) any
2. Possible answers: a) little b) a lot of c) many d) few e) some
3. a) 3 b) 5 c) 1 d) 4 e) 2
4. a) equipments – equipment b) much – many c) few – little d) many – a lot of

Page 129
2. a) 6 b) 5 c) 1 d) 4
3. a) recycled (line 17) b) DIY shop (line 20) c) homeware specialist (line 20) d) upcycled (line 23)
4.1 It’s appealing and attractive; no stigma associated with it.
4.2 We can buy sports equipment, toys, paints, curtains, accessories for pets, for example. All the
items are either recycled or upcycled.
4.3 Anna cut her daughters’ pocket money and offered to buy second-hand clothes.
Words at work
1. practical/advantageous
1.1 It looks and sounds similar to a word in Portuguese but has a different meaning.
2. a) an argument b) polite c) remember d) intends e) investment

Page 130
1. a) contraction: She has b) possession c) contraction: It is
2. a) standards b) He’s c) children’s d) needs; brand’s e) week’s
3. a) manufacturers’ b) company’s c) Paul’s d) year’s e) She’s

Page 131
1. a) Stella b) Emma c) Stella d) Jessica e) Emma f) Stella g) Emma
2. a) trafficked b) employment c) vulnerable d) Duchess e) carbon f) greenhouse g) recycled
h) upcycled i) organic

Page 132
1. a) 1 b) 4 c) 2 d) 1 e) 3 f) 4 g) 3 h) 2 i) 2 j) 3

Page 133
2. Personal answers.
3. 1 – C; 2 – D; 3 – A; 4 – B; 5 – E
Page 136
1. a) set of jars; lamp b) computer box; postbox c) telephone booth; lounge sofa d) TV set or
computer; cat’s bed e) bunch of magazines; mirror f) set of plastic crates; modern furniture

Page 137
1.1 c 1.2 c 1.3 a 1.4 a 1.5 c 1.6 b 1.7 b 1.8 a 1.9 b 1.10 c
2. Possible answer: The most impactful change we can make to become more eco-friendly is to
reduce our consumption patterns to the bare minimum. Recycling and upcycling instead of
purchasing more items will reduce the impact on the environment. Adopting a zero-waste lifestyle
prevents resource extraction, reduces the amount of materials sent to landfills and reduces pollution
from producing, transporting or disposing of materials.

2.4 Ads all around

Page 138
1.1 & 1.2 a) 2 – Television ads b) 5 – Hoarding c) 1 – Online ads d) 3 – Cinema ads e) 4 – Product
placement f) 6 – Blank space ads

Page 139
1. a) everywhere b) don’t need c) rich; smart; hot d) missing out e) needy; ugly; uncool
2. a) dedicated b) followers c) advertising d) promote
3. A. 2 B. 3 C. 1 D. 4

Page 141
2.1 b 2.2 c 2.3 d 2.4 a
Master speaker
1. a) jealous, wealth, bread, treasure b) treaty, cheat, sneak, breathe c) pearl, search, rehearse,
learn d) appear, ear, idea, hear

Page 142
1. a) will be remembered for a long time. b) is slowly being influenced by commercials. c) can be
offered outstanding results by influencer marketing. d) are used by more than 80% of people.
e) was given an opportunity to help in the advertising process by Carol. f) about the impact of ads
on consumer behaviour have been written. g) was being paid to showcase our products on
Instagram until last week.

Page 143
1. a) is believed that ads are becoming more invasive. b) was suggested that we respond negatively
to obvious attempts at persuasion. c) is known that influencers impact their followers’ shopping
choices.
2. a) doesn’t like b) were created c) have taken/have been taking d) improves e) is believed f) will
be replaced g) continue/will continue h) see i) are encouraged j) were made

Page 144
1. a) 7 b) 5 c) 6 d) 3 e) 1 f) 4 g) 8 h) 2
2. a) commercial breaks b) prime time c) celebrity endorsements d) logo e) word of mouth
f) jingles g) slogans

Page 145
1. Ethos: a) honesty, credibility b) authority figures; celebrities
Pathos: a) emotions b) a cute animal, a devastated family; a love story
Logos: a) logic and reason b) figures, charts; statistics, surveys, facts
2. Ad 1: logos; Ad 2: ethos; Ad 3: pathos; Ad 4: pathos; Ad 5: ethos; Ad 6: logos

Page 147
2. a) refund b) take action against c) side with d) prepaid returns label e) issue f) open a case
against
3. a) 5 b) 4 c) 6 d) 3 e) 2 f) 1
Words at work
1. a) It means non-stop.
2. a) 3 b) 2 c) 4 d) 1

Page 148
1.2 a) can b) can’t c) have to/can d) can e) have to f) can g) can h) don’t have to
2. a) The month before. b) One year. c) Exchange it for a new one. d) It overheats. e) Checking
emails and writing articles for a blog. f) Run hardware diagnostics. g) None. h) Using it in bed
covers the ventilation system. i) To use it so as to allow air to flow freely through the vents.

Page 149
1.1
Greeting: Good afternoon. This is… [name] speaking.
Offering assistance: How can/ may I help/assist you?
Taking ownership of the situation: Sure! I can help you with that. / I’d be happy to assist you with
that. / I’m sorry about the difficulties you’re having. / I’ll try my best to help you solve this problem.
Transferring the call (when you don’t know how to help them or you are not the right person):
Actually, we have another department which handles these issues. / I will transfer you to someone
right away who can help you with this.
Putting someone on hold (when you can figure out the solution yourself): Would you mind if I put
you on hold for a few minutes while I look into this issue?
Retaking the call: Thank you so much for holding. I have fixed the problem.
Offering further help: Is there anything else I can help you with?
Thanking someone for calling: Thank you for calling.

Page 150
1. a) had it replaced b) am going to have them delivered c) had it written d) have it checked
2. a) am having anti-spam software installed b) had the luggage taken c) has the budgeted expenses
checked d) will have her problem solved

3. Possible answers:
3.1 Yes, I have. I had my purse stolen.
3.2 The last time I had my eyes tested was last year.
3.3 I’m going to have my room tidied.
3.4 I have my hair cut every two months.

Page 152
A. Binggrae – banana-flavoured milk B. Pedigree DentaStix – dog dental sticks against bad breath C.
Samsung – Hotblast big capacity microwave D. Denim – deodorant for men E. Volvo – car with
external airbags for pedestrian protection F. Hefty – garbage bags “beastly” strong G. Timotei –
shampoo for soft Hair

Page 153
1.1 b 1.2 c 1.3 c 1.4 a 1.5 c 1.6 b 1.7 c 1.8 a 1.9 b 1.10 b
2. Possible answer: Good advertising should create an unforgettable brand and a lasting relationship
with the consumer. It must go beyond the product itself and create connections, stir emotions, make
people dream of a better life. The product itself becomes less important than the ideas and feelings
it conjures up in the consumer’s mind and that’s what makes people want to buy it.

Page 154
1.1
A. Artur Bordalo was born in 1987 in Lisbon, Portugal. He is famous for using street garbage to
create stunning animal sculptures so as to warn people about pollution and endangered species. His
works are considered as “trash art”. This work is called “Lince Ibérico” and it is on display Parque das
Nações, Lisbon.
B. Pejac was born in 1977 in Santander, Cantabria, Spain. His works always touch on sensitive
social themes and topical issues like peace or global warming. This work, called “Stain”, is in
Santander, Spain.
C. Blu is an Italian street artist who currently lives in Bologna, Italy. He is known for painting
“epic scale murals” around the urban and industrial landscape. This one can be seen in Berlin.
D. Roa is a muralist from Ghent, Belgium. Very little is known about the artist and even less is
documented. He is primarily known for his strong obsession with animals, especially rodents. Roa
uses animals native to the place he is working in. This work is called “The House in Johannesburg”, in
South Africa.

Page 156
1.1 Ad A implies the biased thought that black people might be dangerous; Ad B the bias that
people of minority cultures or religions are all foreign and don’t belong among the majority.
1.2 Personal answer.
1.3 The goal might be to deconstruct these biased thoughts and make people aware of the
prejudices that exist against specific groups of people.
1.4 Personal answer.
3. My job, my choices
3.1 The future ahead
Page 160
1.1 People working/Workplaces/The world of work
1.2 They show us a world that has changed from manual work and collective workplaces to a world
where technology has developed and people have less and less physical contact with one another.
1.3 The first one takes us to the beginning of the 20th century, when industries were the hub of a
great part of the working force; the second one implies that technology invaded our working
lives so much we can’t help but be surrounded by it, which happened at the end of the 20 th
century; the last one shows people in their cubicles, working back-to-back, hardly seeing each other
or communicating, typical of the beginning of the 21st century.

Page 161
1. a) A society of numb people, leading a boring and repetitive life, who don’t look happy. b) The
father conforms to the modern pattern of life, working hard from 9 to 5; the son is still happy, eager
to enjoy the nice and simple things that surround him. c) The paler you get, the more numb you are;
if you have colour you are still happy, creative, passionate about life. d) Don’t let modern life
suppress your creativity, your joy of living; spend more time doing what makes you happy rather
than just working hard to fit the standard.
2.1 Jacob’s grandparents are an example of a standard way of living which many people strived
for in the past (the father in the video); Jacob represents a change of mentality.
3. and 4. Personal answers.

Page 163
2. a) nomads (line 7) b) income (line 14) c) employees (line 16) d) freelance assignments (line 21)
3.1 c 3.2 a 3.3 d 3.4 b 3.5 a

Page 164
1. a) on condition that b) provided c) even if d) Suppose e) in case f) as long as
2. Possible answers: a) in case b) as long as c) provided / as long as / on condition that d) even if
e) in case

Page 165
2. Speaker 1: c, e; Speaker 2: a, d; Speaker 3: b, f

Page 166
1.1 Across: 1. description 2. transferable 3. prospects 4. benefit 5. portfolio 6. personnel 7. intern
8. resign 9. commute 10. background 11. leave
Down: 12. workload 13. gig 14. soft 15. satisfaction 16. promote 17. overtime 18. probation
19. perks
Page 167
1.1 Possible answer: People want to work online to: feel safer; enjoy a better quality of life; have the
freedom to take productive breaks. People want to be on site to: have easier access to technology;
collaborate with colleagues; benefit from consistent routines.

Page 169
2. a) crazy b) personal c) willing d) talented e) insight f) approaches g) niche h) boundaries
i) shape j) connect k) shift l) grow
3. a) “we are so much more comfortable (…) and shape our personal experiences.” (lines 4-6)
b) “robots and software (…) humans can and should do” (lines 11-12) c) “This is a generation of
employees with technological fluency (…) a company they truly want to work for.” (lines 19-21)
d) “Allowing workers (…) help employees grow and to retain them.” (lines 26-29) e) “Boundaries to
working (…) are disappearing” (lines 34-35)
Words at work
1. It means that no matter what, or without any doubt, Millennials are the largest generation ever to
enter the workforce.
2. a) 2 b) 4 c) 1 d) 3

Page 170
1. a) hardships b) unforgettable c) unemployed d) reschedule e) disagreements f) unbeatable
2. A. a) courageous b) discouraged c) discouraging
B. a) useful b) reusable c) misuse d) unused

Page 171
1. a) E-commerce manager b) Cyber security expert c) Supply chain manager d) Content creator e)
Personal finance manager f) Craftsperson
2. a) business of an online shop b) large companies; individual projects c) guarantee the security of
a website d) logistics; delivery e) bloggers; photographers; vloggers f) mobile phone g) lose track
of their finances h) manage their finances i) manual work j) plumbers, glaziers, floor layers,
painters, bakers,…

Page 172
1. a) patterns b) workforce c) performance d) promoted e) focus f) quality g) costcutting h) space
i) facilities
2. a) telecommuting b) part-time working c) compressed workweek d) job sharing e) flexitime
employment

Page 174
A. SPACE TOUR GUIDE – Future lunar tourists will want to learn about the moon from qualified space
tour guides, scientists who know the ins and outs of Earth’s natural satellite.
B. DIGITAL FOOTPRINT REMOVALIST – As Generation Z starts to enter the workforce,
digital removalists will be in high demand to erase any regretful digital footprint that could impact
future job opportunities.
C. REMOTE DRONE PILOT – Companies will soon need to employ an entire fleet of drones
with skilled pilots who can navigate the futuristic delivery landscape.
D. SELF DRIVING CAR MECHANIC – While some cars can already drive themselves, they won’t be able
to repair themselves so we should soon see the demand for driverless car mechanics soar.
E. ASTEROID MINER – Asteroids contain vast deposits of valuable minerals, making asteroid mining a
potentially super-profitable business.
F. URBAN FARMER – The growing population will gradually inhabit agricultural lands, leading to the
necessity of finding new types of farming. Rooftop farming, vertical planting, every piece of surface
can be used. But plants still have to be looked after, and that’s where urban farmers will be in
demand.

Page 175
1.1 c 1.2 a 1.3 b 1.4 a 1.5 c 1.6 b 1.7 c 1.8 b 1.9 b 1.10 a
2. Possible answer: In this fast-paced world, the ability to adapt and be open to change is an
essential key to success. People who are not able to find other strengths, skills or areas of interest
won’t progress and may miss out on a brilliant future. Learning from your past experience and being
aware of the present situation will allow you to adapt to the changing circumstances in life.

3.2 Choosing my path

Page 176
1. a) our reasons b) our burdens c) look back d) heal and grow e) to show f) see it g) holding on
h) believe in i) holding on
2. a) line 5 b) lines 6-7 c) line 10 d) line 19 e) line 20
3. Personal answers.

Page 177
2.1 a) dream b) skills c) goals d) research e) colour f) answer g) time h) help i) love

Page 179
2. a) paragraph 3 b) paragraph 5 c) paragraph 2
3. a) 3 b) 5 c) 2
4.1 b 4.2 c 4.3 d

Page 180
1. a) had left/left b) attended c) moving d) has been e) began f) to do g) thought h) received
2. a) appearing b) has; achieved c) have been living d) belonged e) is f) to have g) revisited h)
were taking i) has become/ became j) symbolises

Page 181
1. a) 2, 5 b) 1, 4 c) 3, 6
2. a) 2 b) 4 c) 2 d) 1 e) 3 f) 3 g) 4 h) 1

Page 182
1. a) graduate scheme b) salary; security; stability; skills; progression c) one year d) twenty-five jobs
2. a) T b) F c) T d) F
3.1 b 3.2 b 3.3 c 3.4 c
Page 185
2. a) the ability to communicate effectively b) companies c) attitude d) employees
3. a) rare b) consistent c) strong d) flexible e) quick
4.1 All jobs require good communication skills as you need to speak and write well, be it in person or
online with others.
4.2 By the way we interact and communicate with the interviewer.
4.3 Yes, they are. We may be promoted in the future if we have strong leadership skills.
4.4 People who have an optimistic mindset generally cope better in tough situations; they are
resilient, adaptable and committed.
4.5 They can be useful when we have to deal with certain problems that need quick solutions and
decisions.
Master speaker
1. a) hour, Christmas, echo, ghost b) resign, campaign, gnome c) ballet, castle, mortgage

Page 186
1. a) should be taken b) have anybody c) were you, I would d) have your vocational skills
tested e) I had f) unless she studies g) such a difficult decision
2. a) have b) when c) felt d) most e) yet f) myself g) how h) that i) should j) much k) both l) lots
m) anyone

Page 187
1. a) plate b) eyes d) candle e) finger c) feet
2. a) on my feet b) enough on my plate c) burn the candle at both ends d) up to my eyes e) lift a
finger
3. a) Climb b) Take on c) Hold d) Make e) Land f) Breathe
4. a) 5 – take on; staff b) 3 – climb the career ladder c) 1 – hold a job down d) 6 – landed a job
e) 4 – breathing down my neck f) 2 – make a name for herself

Page 188
1.2 a) farmer, vet b) personal trainer, dancer c) social content creator, police officer d) scientist,
entrepreneur e) writer, translator f) architect, fashion designer
1.3 Possible answers: a) nurse b) athlete c) shop assistant d) engineer e) lawyer f) illustrator
2. a) Individual plants and species / how animals behave and how everything in nature is connected
b) Individual muscles in their bodies c) Read someone’s body language and sense what they’re
feeling d) Solving technical problems e) Craft messages in an engaging way f) Their ability to
visualise and imagine complex images in their head

Page 190
1.1 a 1.2 b 1.3 b 1.4 c 1.5 a 1.6 d 1.7 d 1.8 a

Page 191
1.1 c 1.2 a 1.3 b 1.4 c 1.5 b 1.6 c 1.7 b 1.8 c 1.9 a 1.10 c
2. Possible answer: It is not easy to decide on a future job, as it implies taking a lot of factors into
consideration, including salary and employability prospects. However, all things considered, we
should have the courage to follow our heart and choose what we really love to do and are skilled at
doing. Only this choice can lead us to a happy and fulfilled life.

Page 192
1.1 A. knocker-upper B. radio actor C. telegraph operator D. ice-cutter
1.2 A. A knocker-upper’s job was to awaken sleeping people so they could get to work on time. It
was a job found mainly in Britain and Ireland during the Industrial Revolution. B. A radio actor was a
performer who worked in radio, mainly from the 1920s to the 1950s. C. A telegraph operator used a
telegraph key to send and receive the Morse code in order to communicate by land lines or radio
when the telegraph industry grew fast starting in the 1830s. D. An ice-cutter was a job that involved
going out onto the frozen rivers and cutting huge blocks of ice, which were then stored until spring.
The ice industry prospered in the 1920s.
1.3 A. By the 1940s and 1950s, this profession had died out, when alarm clocks became more
accessible. B. The rise of television in the 1950s brought an end to radio drama and the careers of
radio actors. C. As forms of communication evolved, the job became obsolete, but the quick relaying
of information made possible by this invention immensely impacted human communications.
D. After the refrigerator was invented, the ice cutter’s job disappeared.

Page 194
1. Check the presentation Through Other Eyes available at Aula Digital.
2. and 3. Personal answers.

EXTENSIVE READING
Page 198
1. a) teen rapper b) creative writing c) film d) a producer e) aspiring writers f) a prequel

Page 199
1.1 The explanation about health precautions concerning sexual issues.
1.2 That he is afraid of the police and teaches his children how to avoid possible problems.
2. a) a song by the rapper Tupac. b) turns the music down, pulls over and stops the car. c) isolated
and dark. d) drugs or guns.

Page 200
3. a) angry; sceptical, pessimistic b) worried; supportive c) condescending; sympathetic; conciliatory
d) anxious; uneasy; fearful

Page 201
4.1 There is a demonstration against what happened.
4.2 She’s part of an organisation called Just Us for Justice and an attorney.
4.3 She wants to help Starr to speak up for the cause and protect her legally to do so.
5. a) “as of now we see no reason to arrest the officer.” (lines 3-4) b) “because he’s not the first one
to do something like this and get away with it” (lines 9-10) c) “If being silent means I’m safe, he’s all
for it” (line 15) d) “So I can’t be silent.” (line 14); “My silence isn’t helping Us” (line 17)
Page 202
6. a) giving his side of the story b) trash-talk c) thug d) in a hot second e) a verbal slap

Page 203
7. a) will be decided by a grand jury. b) there won’t be a judge or an attorney present, just the DA.
c) not being able to answer all the questions. d) a hairbrush. e) is appearing up on TV. f) to be
Khalil’s voice.

Page 204
8.1 Khalil’s death has mobilised public opinion as it is not the first time it has happened, and the
media is expecting to catch reactions first-hand.
8.2 Sometimes, when controversial cases come into the public eye, it may influence their outcome.
8.3 To show us all the time and procedures cases like this have to go through before coming to an
eventual conclusion.
8.4 To make an analogy between the collision of a meteor and the impact the decision will have: you
know it’s coming, you’re just not sure when and what the damage will be, and there is nothing you
can do.

Page 205
9. a) Not to indict the officer who had killed Khalil. b) She feels all she did has been useless. c) They
are out on the streets, honking horns, shouting, standing on top of cars, crowding the streets. d) The
riot police intervene, marching down the street with tanks following, shouting messages over
loudspeakers for protesters to disperse. e) She seems to be leading a group of protesters, standing
on a police car wearing a Khalil t-shirt. f) To speak out, to make her voice heard by the crowd.

Page 208
1. a) mother b) childhood friend c) father d) uncle e) attorney f) the police officer who killed
Khalil
2.1 She was twelve. 2.2 She’s a registered nurse. 2.3 He drove a Chevy impala. 2.4 He was sixteen.
2.5 He is a police officer. 2.6 It’s one-fifteen. 2.7 He was reaching for an hairbrush. 2.8 It was three
hours long. 2.9 The officer was not charged. 2.10 There were protests and demonstrations on the
streets.

MyGIF
Page 210
1. a) are having/are going to have b) celebrate c) won’t take d) is meeting
2. a) was surfing; found b) got; had already visited c) hadn’t visited; offered d) didn’t arrive; had
left
3. a) don’t have b) are writing; will call c) saw; hadn’t bought d) were visiting; hit
4. a) because of b) nevertheless c) Although
5. a) due to b) In spite of c) so d) because
6. a) Despite being cold and rainy, we went for a snack at Burrough’s market. b) My friends went
surfing at Bondi beach whereas we relaxed in a glassbottomed boat. c) The company suffered a
website outage; consequently, I couldn’t book my flight. d) Scotland has appeared in many famous
films because of its stunning scenery.

Page 211
1. a) on b) at c) for d) for
2. a) 4 – in b) 1 – on c) 3 – at d) 5 – on e) 2 – in
3. a) for a purpose b) by chance c) at all costs d) in vain
4.1 b 4.2 a 4.3 c 4.4 a
5. a) something b) Everybody c) anybody d) everything e) anything
6. a) do anything to help Jim. b) my passport anywhere! c) Everybody arrived

Page 212
1. a) with b) to c) about d) of
2. a) thankful for b) indifferent to c) responsible for d) anxious about e) proud of
3. a) Indian restaurant was crowded with Londoners. b) isn’t worthy of (receiving) the award. c) is
famous for its biased articles.
4. a) all morning b) yet c) ever d) for
5. a) has been working b) have been learning c) hasn’t faced d) has been resting e) haven’t had
6. a) have you known Amira? b) has been writing emails c) hasn’t finished reading the d) haven’t
visited Cardiff since

Page 213
1.1 b 1.2 c 1.3 a
2. a) share b) had approved c) had seen d) won’t understand
3. a) didn’t live in refugee camps, they would have better education opportunities. b) you leave me
alone, I’ll call Joe. c) had told me it was your birthday, I wouldn’t have forgotten.
4. a) were b) could go c) would help d) had asked
5. a) wouldn’t always complain about your life. b) could provide a house for all refugees. c) had met
you last summer. d) you lived near me at the moment. e) could help me
6. Possible answers: a) I had got here b) were more tolerant towards one another. c) could relax
for a while. d) would be/were more patient e) could be as good an artist

Page 214
1. a) met b) were dancing c) don’t remember d) kissed e) get f) smile g) ’ll… love h) has… faded i)
’m gonna love j) ’d start k) met l) got m) knew
Think it over
1. He’s making a promise. 2. It is a situation he is imagining. 3. Since/As

Page 215
1. a) such a b) so c) so d) such an
2. a) 3 – such b) 2 – so c) 1 – so d) 4 – such
3. a) was such a surprise that I didn’t know what to say. b) was such a large number of
contaminated fish products that they had to recall them. c) was so heart-rending that she got a
standing ovation. d) was such a disappointing meeting that they decided to leave.
4. a) busier b) more harmful c) quieter d) worst
5. a) The largest b) the best c) the most highly populated d) more common e) the deepest
6. a) most creative person during the campaign. b) is more polluting than travelling by train.

Page 216
1. a) bolder and bolder b) warmer and warmer c) more and more optimistic d) greedier and
greedier
2. a) 1 – the poorer b) 3 – the more efficient c) 2 – the worse
3. a) is getting higher and higher b) more worried I c) longer we wait; more impatient we
4.1 c 4.2 c 4.3 b
5. a) either; or b) neither; nor c) not only; but also d) both; and
6. a) Greg either in London or in Slough. b) neither eco- nor employee-friendly. c) not only sent the
company emails but also tried to set up a meeting

Page 217
1.1 c 1.2 a 1.3 b
2. a) should b) may/might c) couldn’t d) mustn’t/can’t e) can’t
3. a) Can you estimate the damage caused by the hurricane? b) I couldn’t meet you at the Town Hall
to discuss environmental issues. c) Tim may/might/could agree to buy solar panels.
4. a) should b) must c) must d) can’t
5. a) 3 – can’t b) 2 – couldn’t/can’t c) 4 – may/might d) 1 – shouldn’t
6. a) can’t have agreed with their views on global warming. b) must have important friends because
he always gets his way. c) may have approved legislation for the use of plastic bags in shops.

Page 218
1. a) few b) much c) any d) a little
2. a) no b) some/a few/lots of c) much d) little
3. a) 2 – many b) 1 – Some c) 4 – much d) 3 – any
4. a) its b) women’s c) Sarah’s d) parents e) Jim’s; Charles’s
5. a) Who’s b) There’s c) days’; Ann’s d) Here’s; world’s e) guests’
6. a) whose: who’s; companys: company’s; aunts: aunt’s b) Theres: There’s; plates’: plates
c) estates: estate’s; it’s: its; hotels: hotel’s d) Ben’s

Page 219
1. a) are exposed b) helps c) will be hired d) were/ are considered e) has grown
2. a) relationship with consumers can be created by ads. b) were handed a note by the manager as
we arrived. c) will be spent by brands on 30-seconds spots for Super Bowl. d) are made based on
values the brands uphold.
3. a) It is claimed (by some studies) that people rely on emotions to make purchasing decisions. b) It
was suggested (by us) that businesses rethink the kind of ads they’re making. c) It is believed that
ads are more intrusive nowadays.
4.1 a 4.2 b 4.3 b
5. a) has it delivered b) had it taken c) will probably have it written
6. a) are having our project outline done right now. b) have the faulty items registered every day.
c) had my purchases stolen yesterday. d) will have the decor of my office changed.
Page 220
1. a) could b) older c) ’ll learn d) Can e) ’ve been f) would g) Can h) turning i) answer’s j) ’ve
been
Think it over
1. “She” may be the singer’s daughter and “you” may be his mother or father who have died.
2. He’s referring to a future possibility, though hypothetical.
3. What do you think I should do? / What would you do if you were me?

Page 221
1. a) even if b) as long as c) in case d) Providing e) on condition that
2. a) in case b) even if c) provided/providing d) Suppose/Supposing e) as long
3. a) Here’s my number in case you’d like to schedule a meeting some time. b) I don’t travel by
plane even if the flights are cheap. c) Supposing you decided to resign, what would your family say?
4.1 b 4.2 c 4.3 a
5. a) disagreement b) hesitation c) unavailable
6. a) profitable b) illogical c) disapproval d) nervous e) unhelpful

Page 222
1. a) haven’t seen; went b) had been waiting; were informed c) is going; has been looking forward
to d) saw; didn’t like; had read e) was going; met; helped
2. a) went/was better than we b) so that she could c) weren’t allowed d) until he had finished
e) unless he works f) am hardly ever g) do you feel about
3. a) wish I hadn’t missed your graduation ceremony. b) I had time, I would send him an outline of
my campaign. c) Julie nor Charles were happy with my work. d) weren’t many people waiting for
the conference call. e) can drive my car as long as you are careful. f) asked me what I thought of my
new boss.
4. a) play tennis anymore. b) had a GPS, we wouldn’t have got lost on our way to the job interview.
c) have forgotten to cancel the order. d) having arrived late at the meeting, Russell’s presentation
was awesome. e) Nicola since I was in New York.