Conditional clauses

Conditional clauses
What is a condition?
CONDITION

If you don’t pass your English test…

What will happen???

CONSEQUENCE
 CONDITION

If you don’t pass your English test…

You will be grounded

the whole summer in
your room!!!

CONSEQUENCE
 Conditional clauses
Things that always happen like that, routines.
0 CONDITIONAL
Example: If we don’t do our homework, Cristina gets angry.

Things that are likely to happen.

1 CONDITIONAL Example: If it rains tomorrow, we won’t go to the beach.

Things that are not likely to happen, wishes for the present
2 CONDITIONAL and future.
Example: If I had more money, I would buy a bigger house.
3 CONDITIONAL Things that happened or didn’t happen in the past and
there’s nothing we can do to change them. Regrets and
reproach.
Example: If you had paid more attention, you would have
passed the test.
 Conditional 0
IF + present simple /, / present simple

Present simple / / IF + present simple

Things that always happen like that, routines.

(You could replace “if” for “every time” or “whenever”)

Example: If we don’t do our homework, Cristina gets angry.

(Every time / whenever we don’t do our homework, Cristina gets angry)

-s (he, she, it)

Don’t / doesn’t Exercise
Do / does
 Conditional 1
IF + present simple /, / WILL + infinitive

WILL + infinitive / / IF + present simple

Things that are likely to happen on just this

occasion, not “usually” (that’s the zero conditional)

Example: If it rains tomorrow, we won’t

go to the beach. (We are talking just about
tomorrow, not every rainy day)

-s (he, she, it)

Don’t / doesn’t Exercise
Do / does
 Conditional 1
IF + present simple /, / imperative

Imperative / / IF + present simple

ORDERS
Example: If you have any problems, call me.
Call me if you have any problems.
 Conditional 1
UNLESS IF NOT
IF + negative // will = UNLESS + positive // will

If it doesn’t rain, we’ll go to the beach = Unless it rains, we’ll go to the beach.

Exercise
 Conditional 2
IF + past simple /, / WOULD + infinitive

WOULD + infinitive / / IF + past simple

Things that are not likely to happen, wishes for the present
and future. We imagine and fantasize about a different
world.

Example: If I had more money, I would buy a bigger house.

(Obviously, we don’t have enough money, so we fantasize
about having more)

-ed / 2nd column

Didn’t Exercise
Did
Conditional 2
VERB TO BE:
If I was / were rich.
If he / she / it was / were rich.

If you were rich.

If we were rich.
If they were rich.

Click here
 Conditional 3
IF + HAD + PP /, / WOULD + HAVE + PP

WOULD + HAVE + PP / / IF + HAD + PP

Things that happened or didn’t happen in

the past and there’s nothing we can do to
change them. Regrets and reproach.

Example: If you had paid more attention, you

would have passed the test.

HAD + PP
HADN’T + PP Exercise
 MODAL VERBS
WILL MAY / MIGHT/ CAN
WOULD COULD
If you want, we CAN go to the cinema.
If I don’t have much work, I MIGHT/MAY go to your house.
If I were rich, I COULD buy that house.
MIXED CONDITIONALS
1. CURRENT CONSEQUENCE OF A PAST ACTION

CONDITIONAL 3 + CONDITIONAL 2
If I had passed all my exams, now I would be in Bachiller.

2. PAST CONSEQUENCE OF A PRESENT ACTION

CONDITIONAL 2 + CONDITIONAL 3
If I had enough money, I wouldn’t have asked my dad.

Exercise
Conditionals without IF (I)
AS LONG AS INFORMAL
(SPOKEN)
PROVIDING (THAT)
When we want to impose STRICT
CONDITIONS or set LIMITS.
SO LONG AS
FORMAL
PROVIDED (THAT) (WRITTEN)
ON CONDITION THAT
•You can go to the party AS LONG AS you
finish your homework.
•I’ll lend you my calculator PROVIDING you
promise you’ll take care of it.
•They may do whatever they like PROVIDED
(THAT) it is within the law.
•I’ll let you go ON CONDITION THAT you
phone me every day.
Conditionals without IF (II)
SUPPOSE Used in Conditional 1-2-3. The
speaker invites the listener to
SUPPOSING imagine a situation and normally
there’s a question in the second
part of the sentence.

•SUPPOSE my flight is delayed, will you be

able to pick me up?
•SUPPOSING I lost my wallet while
travelling abroad, would I have to report
it to the police?
•SUPPOSE we hadn’t met at school, would
we have ended up together anyway?
Conditionals without IF (III)
OR Used in conditional clauses, they
mean “IF NOT”
OTHERWISE

•Tidy up your room OR you won’t go out at the weekend.

(If you don’t tidy up your room, you won’t go out at the weekend)

•We need to set off right now, OTHERWISE we’ll be late.

Exercise 1 Exercise 2 Exercise 3

We have ALMOST finished!
Here you have some exercises with
CONDITONALS I, II and III.

Exercise 1 Exercise 2
Finally, here you have three webpages with lots
of exercises for you to practise. Don’t be lazy!

Webpage 1 Webpage 2 Webpage 3

Thanks for
your effort!