NAMA : BAIQ ELMALIA MISLAH PUTRI

NIM : P07134121007
PRODI : SARJANA TERAPAN TLM
KELAS :A
SEMESTER : II (DUA)

Based on the topic on day 4 (describing Illness). Please describe at least 10

illness/diseases along with their symptoms that commonly found soon after the sample
are examined.
1. Coronary heart
Coronary heart disease is a condition when the coronary arteries are blocked by fatty
deposits. This disease causes complaints in the form of chest pain, shortness of breath, and
symptoms of a heart attack. If left untreated, coronary heart disease can lead to heart failure.
Coronary arteries are blood vessels that carry oxygen-rich blood to the heart. Coronary
arteries branch from the aorta or the great vessels. There are two types of coronary arteries,
namely the main left coronary artery and the right coronary artery.
 Symptoms of coronary heart disease
 Pain in the chest (angina).
 Cold sweat appeared.
 Nauseous.
 Hard to breathe.

2. Arrhythmia
Arrhythmias are disturbances in the rhythm of the heart. People with arrhythmias may
feel their heart rhythm is too fast, too slow, or irregular.
 Symptoms of arrhythmia disease
 Heart pounding.
 Fast or slow heartbeat.
 Dizzy.
 Chest pain.
 Hard to breathe.
 Sweating.
 Fainting (syncope) or near fainting.
 Palpitations (missed heartbeats and palpitations).
3. Diabetes
Diabetes is a chronic disease characterized by high blood sugar (glucose) levels.
Glucose is the main energy source for the cells of the human body.
Glucose that accumulates in the blood due to not being absorbed by the body's cells
properly can cause various disorders of the body's organs. If diabetes is not controlled
properly, various complications can arise that endanger the patient's life.
 Symptoms of Diabetes
Type 1 diabetes can develop rapidly within a few weeks, even days. Whereas in type 2
diabetes, many sufferers do not realize that they have had diabetes for years, because the
symptoms tend to be non-specific. Some of the characteristics of type 1 and type 2 diabetes
include:

 Often feel thirsty.

 Frequent urination, especially at night.
 Often feel very hungry.
 Weight loss for no apparent reason.
 Reduced muscle mass.
There are ketones in the urine. Ketones are a by-product of the breakdown of muscle
and fat as the body cannot use sugar as an energy source.

 Weak.
 Blurred vision.
 Wounds that are difficult to heal.
 Frequent infections, such as the gums, skin, vagina, or urinary tract.

4. Kidney Failur
Acute kidney failure is a term for a condition in which a person's kidneys are damaged
suddenly, so they cannot function. Usually, acute kidney failure occurs as a complication of
another serious illness. Kidney disease like this is generally suffered by the elderly or
intensive care patients in hospitals.
Acute kidney failure can cause permanent injury (kidneys stop functioning) or be fatal if
not treated properly. However, if treated on time and the patient's general health condition is
good, then he has the possibility of a full recovery.
 Symptoms of Kidney Failure
 Reduced urine production.
 Dazed or confused.
 Nausea and vomiting.
 Hard to breathe.
 Accumulation of fluid in the body or edema.
 Fatigue.
 Dehydration.
  Pain in the chest.
 Back pain.
 Stomach ache.
 High blood pressure or hypertension.
 Sleep disturbances.

5. Vasculitis
Vasculitis is a term used to describe a condition in which there is inflammation of the
blood vessels. This condition can attack any blood vessel in the body, be it arteries, veins,
or capillaries.
 Symptoms of Vasculitis
 Skin. A reddish or purplish rash or bumps, a collection of spots, hives, and itchy
skin.
 joint. Presence of arthritis in the joints.
 Lungs. Shortness of breath, coughing up blood, and so on.
 Digestive tract. Canker sores appear in the mouth, abdominal pain, lack of blood
flow to the intestines so that the intestines are weak and rupture.
 ENT. Ear infections, sinusitis, hearing loss occur.
 Eye. Eyes are red, itchy, sensitive to light, and visual disturbances occur.
 Brain. Complaints of headaches, difficulty thinking clearly, changes in mental
status, symptoms similar to stroke.
 Nerve. Tingling conditions, weakness in the body, numbness.

6. Endocarditis
Endocarditis is inflammation of the endocardium, which is the inner lining of the heart.
This inflammation is usually caused by bacteria, but it can also be caused by a virus or
fungus.
 Symptoms of endocarditis
 Fever
 Shivering
 Fatigue
 Muscle and joint pain
 Excessive sweating at night
 Fast heart rate
 Cough constantly
 Swelling in the legs or abdomen
 Headache
 Shortness of breath, especially when exercising
 Chest pain, especially when breathing
 Abnormal heart sound
 pale skin
7. Anemia
Anemia is a condition when the body lacks healthy red blood cells or when red blood
cells do not function properly. As a result, the organs of the body do not get enough oxygen,
making people with anemia pale and tired easily.
Anemia can be temporary or long-term, with severity ranging from mild to severe.
Anemia is a blood disorder or hematological disorder that occurs when the level of
hemoglobin (the main part of red blood cells that binds oxygen) is below normal.
 Symptoms of Anemia
 Weak and tired
 Headache and dizziness
 Often sleepy, for example sleepy after eating
 Skin looks pale or yellowish
 Irregular heartbeat
 Short breath
 Chest pain
 Cold in hands and feet

8. Chorn’s diseases
Crohn's disease is inflammation of the lining of the digestive system. This inflammation
can occur from the mouth to the anus, but is more common in the small intestine and large
intestine (colon).
Crohn's disease or Crohn's disease is a disease that occurs in the long term (chronic).
Crohn's disease is one type of inflammatory bowel disease in addition to ulcerative colitis.
 Symptoms of Crohn's disease:
 Stomach ache
 Diarrhea
 Nausea and vomiting
 Loss of appetite
 Weight loss
 Sprue
 Fever
 Anemia
 The formation of an abnormal channel around the anus (anal fistula)

9. Hemophilia
Hemophilia is a blood clotting disorder caused by a deficiency of factors VII and IX.
When you have hemophilia, the bleeding will last longer. This condition is a hereditary
disease that is more common in men.
 Hemophilia is caused by a genetic mutation. The genetic mutation that occurs in
hemophilia causes the blood to lack a protein that forms clotting factors. Deficiency of this
clotting factor will cause the blood is difficult to clot.
 Symptoms of Hemophilia
The main symptom of hemophilia is that it is difficult for blood to clot, causing bleeding to
be difficult to stop or to last longer. Some of the symptoms and signs that will appear in
people with hemophilia are:

 Bleeding in the nose (nosebleeds) that is difficult to stop

 Bleeding in wounds that are difficult to stop
 Bleeding in the gums
 Bleeding after circumcision (circumcision) that is difficult to stop
 Blood in the urine and feces (feces)
 Easy bruising
 Bleeding in the joints characterized by pain and swelling in the elbow and knee
joints

10. HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus)

HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) is a virus that damages the immune system by
infecting and destroying CD4 cells. If more and more CD4 cells are destroyed, the body's
immune system will weaken so that it is vulnerable to various diseases.
HIV that is not treated immediately will develop into a serious condition called AIDS
(acquired immunodeficiency syndrome). AIDS is the final stage of HIV infection. At this
stage, the body's ability to fight infection is completely lost.
 Symptoms of HIV
 Fever to chills
 Rashes appear on the skin
 Gag
 Pain in joints and muscles
 Swollen lymph nodes
 Headache
 Stomach ache
 Sore throat and thrush