Non-communicable diseases are not caused

by pathogens or disease causing organisms

such as bacteria or viruses, but rather, by how
people live, by the conditions with which they
are born or by the hazards around them. It
also includes diseases caused by a breakdown
of the body tissues (degenerative diseases),
poor diet, environmental and occupational
hazards, stress and tension.
 NON- COMMUNICABLE DISEASES
Allergy- is a misguided reaction to
foreign substances by the immune
system.
Asthma- is a chronic lung disorder
that causes airways to become
inflamed, which means that they
swell and produce lots of thick
mucus.
SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS
The substances that trigger allergy are
called allergen. Examples include
pollens, dust mite, molds, dander and
certain foods. The most common signs
and symptoms include: Runny nose,
Stuffy nose, Sneezing, Nasal itching
(rubbing) Itchy ears and throat, Post
nasal drip (throat clearing)
The signs and symptoms of asthma are
shortness of breath, wheezing, coughing,
chest tightnes
 NON- COMMUNICABLE DISEASES
Cardiovascular disease- is the
disease of the heart and blood
vessels
Cancer- is caused by abnormal
cells growing without control.
SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS
Cardiovascular Diseases -Chest pain, chest
tightness, chest pressure and chest discomfort
(angina), Shortness of breath, Pain, numbness,
weakness or coldness in your legs or arms if the
blood vessels in those parts of your body are
narrowed.
C-hange in bowel or bladder habits
A- sore that does not heal
U- nusual bleeding or discharge
T- hickening or lump in breast or elsewhere
I- ndigestion or difficulty in swallowing
O- bvious change in wart or mole
N- agging cough or hoarseness
U- nexplained weight loss
P- resistant hoarness
 NON- COMMUNICABLE
DISEASES
Diabetes- is a disease that
prevents the body from
converting food into energ
Arthritis- refers to the
inflammation of joints. It
usually occurs during old age. restricted movement of the joints, warm red skin over
Kidney or Renal Failure- is a
medical condition in which
the kidneys fail to adequately
filter waste products from
the blood.
SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS
Excessive - urination (polyuria), thirst
(polydipsia), hunger (polyphagia)
The signs and symptoms are joint pain, tenderness and
stiffness, inflammation in and around the joints,
the affected joint, weakness and muscle wasting.
The signs and symptoms are decreased urine output,
although occasionally urine output remains normal fluid
retention, causing swelling in your legs, ankles or feet,
shortness of breath, fatigue, confusion, nausea,
weakness, irregular heartbeat, chest pain or pressure.
NCDs Four Major Risk Factors
WHO has prioritized the following four: ‒ Physical inactivity, ‒
Tobacco use, ‒ Alcohol use, and ‒ Unhealthy diets (increased fat
and sodium, with low fruit and vegetable intake).

Behavioral Risk Factors

Modifiable behaviors, such as tobacco use, physical inactivity,
unhealthy diet and the harmful use of alcohol, all increase the
risk of NCDs.
Tobacco accounts for over 7.2 million deaths every year
(including from the effects of exposure to second-hand smoke),
and is projected to increase markedly over the coming years. (1)
4.1 million annual deaths have been attributed to excess salt/sodium
intake. (1)
More than half of the 3.3 million annual deaths attributable to alcohol use
are from NCDs, including cancer. (2)
1.6 million deaths annually can be attributed to insufficient physical
activity. (1)

Metabolic Risk Factors

Metabolic risk factors contribute to four key metabolic changes that
increase the risk of NCDs:
• Raised blood pressure
• Overweight/obesity
• Hyperglycemia (high blood glucose levels) and
• Hyperlipidemia (high levels of fat in the blood
MYTHS AND FALLACIES ABOUT NON-
COMMUNICABLE DISEASES
Myths and fallacies have existed ever since
societies began, influencing the perceptions
about health, and the cause and cure of health
related problems. Given the increase of the
burden of non-communicable diseases (NCD) and
the possibility to avoid it, it is urgent to
implement or strengthen NCD preventive
programs in the Philippines.
However, many myths hinder the implementation of NCD
programs. Here are few myth and fallacies that can
directly or indirectly impact our health:
• Taking a bath on a Friday will make one sick
• An amulet or anting-anting protects the wearer from
diseases and helps counteract witchery
• Relapse or “binat” caused by eating certain kinds of
food or by cutting the hair too soon after illness. This best
treated by fumigating the patient with smoke produced
by burning the offending food or the patients hair.
Our NCD Protection Shield Objective:
This activity will help learners know more about the
healthful ways in preventing and controlling non-
communicable diseases.
Directions:
1. Make a poster about preventing non- communicable
diseases. Use a clean bond paper for your poster
2. Formulate brief explanation about your poster.