4/26/23, 11:25 PM Copy of (GIT & Endocrine) Post-Test

Copy of (GIT & Endocrine) Post-Test

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4/26/23, 11:25 PM Copy of (GIT & Endocrine) Post-Test

* The nurse is caring for a female client with active upper GI bleeding. What is.1
?the appropriate diet for this client during the first 24 hours after admission

Regular diet

Skim milk

Nothing by mouth

Clear liquids

* :Gastric wash in cases of hematemesis can be done with.2

Ringer solution

Cold saline solution

Tab water

None of the above

* :The most common cause of intestinal obstruction is.3

Adhesions

Hernia

Volvulus

Neoplasms

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4/26/23, 11:25 PM Copy of (GIT & Endocrine) Post-Test

* Which ONE of the following statements is TRUE regarding the aetiology of .4

?peptic ulcer disease (PUD)

NSAID s are more commonly associated with gastric rather than duodenal

90-95% of patients with gastric and duodenal ulcers are infected with helicobater
pylori (H. Pylori)

Prevalence of (H. Pylori) is higher in patients with complicated duodenal ulcers

(bleeding or perforation) than in those with uncomplicated disease

Up to 80% of people infected with H. Pylori will develop PUD

* :The commonest cause of hematemesis in Egypt is .5

Mallory Weiss syndrome

Oesophageal varices

Uremia

Reflux esophagitis

* :The most common cause of intestinal obstruction is .6

Adhesions

Hernia

Volvulus

Neoplasms

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4/26/23, 11:25 PM Copy of (GIT & Endocrine) Post-Test

* The nurse caring for a client with intestinal obstruction would plan to.7
?implement which nursing intervention first

Administering pain medication

Obtaining a blood sample for laboratory studies

Preparing to insert a nasogastric tube

Administering I.V fluids

* A 73 year old man presents with several episodes of hematemesis. .8

Examination shows signs of orthostatic hypotension and melena. What is the
?first priority in caring for this patient

Nasogastric tube placement and gastric lavage.

Resuscitation with adequate IV access and appropriate fluid and blood product
fusion.

Intravenous infusion of H2-receptor antagonists to stop the bleeding.

Urgent upper panendoscopy

* Which one of the following is TRUE regarding the clinical manifestation of.9
?upper GIT bleeding

The presence of melena is associated with poorer outcomes

It is always accompanied by haematemesis, melena or hematochezia

A negative nasogasteric aspirate for blood as well as the absence of haematemesis

excludes upper GIT bleed

The presence of melena requires at least 150-200 ml of blood

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4/26/23, 11:25 PM Copy of (GIT & Endocrine) Post-Test

* Which diagnostic test would be used first to evaluate a client with upper GI .10
?bleeding

Endoscopy

Upper GI series

Hemoglobin (Hb) levels and hematocrit (HCT)

Arteriography

* :Bicarbonate blood level (HCO3) in DKA(diabetic ketoacidosis) is .11

<15mmol/l

>15mmol/l

22-26mmol/l

None of the above

* :The laboratory investigation in DKA includes measurement of .12

Venous blood glucose and venous blood gas values.

Electrolytes, urea, creatinine, osmolarity and ketones.

Urinanalysis for ketones

All of the above

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4/26/23, 11:25 PM Copy of (GIT & Endocrine) Post-Test

* :The aims of fluid resuscitation in DKA (diabetic ketoacidosis) are to.13

Restore circulatory volume.

Clear ketones

correct electrolyte imbalance

All of the above.

* A client in the late stage of ketoacidosis, his breath has a fruity odor. Which .14
?substance is responsible for the fruity smell in the breath

Iodine

Acetone

Alcohol

Glucose.

* A pat
patient is admitted with thyroid storm. On physical assessment, the nurse .15
:would expect to find

Hoarseness and laryngeal stridor.

Bulging eyeballs and arrhythmias.

Elevated temperature and signs of heart failure.

Lethargy progressing suddenly to impairment of consciousness

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4/26/23, 11:25 PM Copy of (GIT & Endocrine) Post-Test

* ?Which of the following features is NOT usually present in case of HHNS .16

Severe hyperglycemia

Neurologic symptoms

Ketosis

profound dehydration.

* :Clinical picture of thyroid storm characterized by .17

Bradycardia, shallow respiration, vomiting and stupor.

Decreased body temperature, and increased sweating.

Tachycardia, shallow respiration and increased sweating.

Tachycardia, deep respiration and increased sweating.

* ?Which of the following signs and symptoms characterize HHNS .18

Moderate hyperglycemia, Ketosis and dehydration

Kussmaul's breathing, dehydration and ketonuria.

Hyperglycemia, Ketosis and osmotic dieresis.

Severe hyperglycemia and profound dehydration

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4/26/23, 11:25 PM Copy of (GIT & Endocrine) Post-Test

* ?A
A pat
patient is experiencing thyroid storm. Which drug is contraindicated .19

IV beta-adrenergic blockers

Aspirin

Propylthiouracil

Corticosteriods.

* :A Characteristic respiratory symptoms seen in diabetic ketoacidosis is .20

Shallow breaths.

Deep rapid respiration.

Wheezes and rales

Stridor.

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