PRACTICAL RESEARCH 1
Identify the elements by analyzing the general
problem provided below.
To indicate the scope and
delimitation of research.
GROUP ACTIVITY!
Be with your research group.
Formulate the scope and
limitation of your research
study.
What are your considerations in formulating the
scope and delimitation of your study?
SCOPE AND DELIMITATION is an
informative part of your research. It is
informative because it is to where you
declare the things you have to carry
out and follow through the course of
research.
SCOPE OF RESEARCH
-it commonly refers to the depth your
research area or parameters. This includes
restriction of the target population,
research local, specified duration, design,
procedure, and instrument used.
Population
–According to Majid (2018), this stands for the
entire pool from which the sample is drawn.
Consider these examples:
a. Schools operating in Bataan (Private and Public)
b. Senior High School Students of a School
c. Grade 10 Students in a School Division
d. Tricycle Drivers operating in a Barangay
e. All Working Students in a grade level
Research Locale
– It refers to the particular location where the study is
conducted.
Consider these examples:
Lamao National High School Schools Division of
Bataan
Dinalupihan Region III – Central
Luzon
Pampanga Balanga City
Limay Senior High School University of the
Assumption Barangay St. Francis II Bataan
Peninsula State University
Specific Duration
-This stands for the exclusive time frame when the
research is conducted.
Consider these examples:
May 20 to 22 2020
School Year 2020 to 2021
From 2015 to 2020
From January 2020 to May 20202
Research Method
This refers to the systematic plan for
conducting research which includes
strategies, process, techniques, and
procedures for collecting and analyzing
data (MacDonald and Headlam 2008).
Here are the four (4) most commonly used qualitative
designs that you can use.
A. ETHNOGRAPHY – If your research is about a
description or investigation about customs of
individual and culture, this design can be used (Elis
and Bochner 1996).
B. PHENOMENOLOGY – If your research is about the
commonality of lived experience within a group of
individuals or description of a particular phenomenon,
this research design can be used (Singh 2018).
Here are the four (4) most commonly used qualitative
designs that you can use.
C. CASE STUDY – If your research is about an
investigation of a phenomenon within the context of
real-life situation, you can use this design (Kothari
2004) .
D. GROUNDED THEORY – If your research aims toward
a development of a theory in an inductive manner,
you can use this design (VanderStoep and Johnston
2009).
Protocols Followed
-This refers to the standard procedure,
system, or rules that you follow in gathering
data. It can be the permission in the
conduct of the study, communication letter
to the respondents, or agreement on the
conduct of interview.
Data Gathering Procedure
-This refers to the step-by-step
procedures that you employ before and
during the data gathering.
Instrument
-These are measurement devices that you
use in your research. It can be in a form of test,
survey, questionnaire, and the like. However, in
qualitative research, you as the researcher is the
instrument, and your interview guide serve as a
tool in gathering the data (Bahrami, Soleimani,
Yaghoobzadeh, & Ranjbar, 2016).
Data Analysis
-These are the systematical processes
you employ to describe or interpret your
data. It can be thematic network analysis,
dendogramming, structural analysis, text
analysis, and Collaizi procedure.
DELIMITATION
-it refers to choices made by researcher that serves
as boundary (Simon 2011).
-this includes research objectives, questions,
variables, theoretical objectives you adopted, target
samples, and justifications that limits the scope of the
study.
SCOPE AND DELIMITATION is written in three (3)
paragraphs.
The first paragraph contains methods, research design,
research locale, time duration, population, sampling
and class size.
The second paragraph includes the instrument used,
validation and protocols followed in the conduct of the
study.
The last paragraph is the declaration of data gathering
and analysis. It is important that you need to provide
proper justifications of the elements you will be using. It is
done through the wisdom of the experts – citation.
Read carefully the scope and delimitation below. Write “A” if the underlined word is
population, “B” for research locale, “C” for specific duration, “D” for research
method, “E” for protocols followed, “F” for data gathering procedure, “G” for
instrument, “H” for research objective, and “I” for data analysis.
B
Read carefully the scope and delimitation below. Write “A” if the underlined word is population, “B”
for research locale, “C” for specific duration, “D” for research method, “E” for protocols followed, “F”
for data gathering procedure, “G” for instrument, “H” for research objective, “I” for sampling method,
and “J” for data analysis.
1
This qualitative research aims to explores on the lived-
experiences of the PWD grade 11 students about bullying.
According to Mcleod (2019) this kind of research deals with
the description and interpretation of a phenomena based
from how these became meaningful to a person or group of
people. As a phenomenological study, it determines the
coping mechanism of the said students on their distinct
experience about verbal bullying. This is defined by They are
selected using snow ball method. Patton (2001) defined this
sampling as referral sampling wherein it uses a small pool of
initial informants to nominate other participants of the study.
In this qualitative research, the researcher serves as the
main instrument of the study (Pezalla, Pettigrew and Miller-
Day, 2012). Another tool is the interview guide. This
unstructured interview guide is a researcher-made
instrument based from the objectives of the study. It is
composed of five (5) questions. Objectively, interview
questions are formulated to gather necessary information
about the participants’ live experience as well as their
coping mechanism. It is validated by group of experts using
validation matrix to identify its appropriateness of the
questions and suitability to the research participants.
Prescribed standard and necessary protocols are religiously
complied to ethically follow the norms of conducting
research.
In gathering data, individualized and focus group discussion is
employed depending on the preference of the participants.
Because of the impossibility of personalized interview, this will be
carried through social media platforms either through Zoom app or
Facebook Video Conferencing. According to Eysenbach (2019),
these platforms provided opportunities in conducting qualitative
research. Likewise, because of its mass usage, it provides potential
options for this kind of study. Interviews are recorded and transcribed
in verbatim. Translations into English is accomplished through the help
of an expert. Anonymity of participants is secured likewise with the
information they will provide. In analyzing the data, thematic network
analysis is employed. It is explained as a web-like illustrations that
summarizes themes (Stirling, 2001). Particularly, this study seeks to
identify the salient themes through coding. This is to facilitated
structuring and depiction of the themes into an emerging main
theme.
LIVED EXPERIENCE PWD GRADE 11 STUDENTS ABOUT VERBAL BULLYING IN A PROVINCE
This qualitative research aims to explores on the lived-experiences of the PWD
grade 11 students about bullying. According to Mcleod (2019) this kind of research
deals with the description and interpretation of a phenomena based from how these
became meaningful to a person or group of people. This research will consider all
senior high schools students of a province during the school year 2020-2021. They will
be selected using snow ball method.
In this qualitative research, the researcher will serve as the main instrument of
the study (Pezalla, Pettigrew and Miller-Day, 2012). Another tool will be the interview
guide. This unstructured interview guide is a researcher-made instrument based from
the objectives of the study. It is composed of five (5) questions. Objectively, interview
questions are formulated to gather necessary information about the participants’ live
experience as well as their coping mechanism. It is validated by group of experts
using validation matrix to identify its appropriateness of the questions and suitability to
the research participants. In gathering data, individualized or focus group discussion
are employed depending on the preference of the participants. Because of the
impossibility of personalized interview, this will be carried through social media
platforms either through Zoom app or Facebook Video Conferencing.
