REPUBLIC COLLEGES OF GUINOBATAN, INC

School of Gradute Studies and Research

G. Alban Street, Guinobatan , Albay

Activity 13 – EDUCATIONAL SUPERVISION

Learning Task:
How is Laissez faire type of school supervision is different from coersive type of supervision?

In Laissez-faire supervision, the supervisor utilizes inspectorial supervisory methods unaided by any
objective control, in which the teachers are observed, but nothing is done to help them improve the
work they are doing. In other words. The teachers are left free; they are not to be imposed upon or
directed. While in Coersive type of supervision, the supervisor visits the teachers in order to observe
them and the teachers acquired ready-made- procedure or standard prescribed by the supervisors.

Learning Assessment

The scope of educational supervision can be further understood by defining its primary functions.
These may be enumerated as follows :
(i) Providing Leadership : The educational enterprise calls for the share and contribution of people of diverse
temperaments, abilities and capacities. Their efforts are to be coordinated so that they can work in cooperation with a
common mind and purpose.
Reflect on Providing Leadership:

The leadership quality of an organization will determine their overall effectiveness in daily operations. Leadership
positions hold the key to business growth and development. By providing initial and ongoing leadership courses and
classes, organizations can ensure they'll have: well-rounded leaders, improved employee retention, managers with
leadership skills, and the preparations for future growth.

(ii) Formulating Policies : Education is a purposeful activity aiming at the development and growth of the
individual’s powers and capacities and meeting the needs and demands of society So as to develop a better self and an
improved and richer democratic social order. The principles of democracy and the necessity for practical planning demand
that in policy making there should be an ever wider participation by the public. It is only reasonable that participate in its
making.

Reflect on Formulating Policies:

Policy formulation involves developing strategies for dealing with policy issues which have been placed on an
agenda. Policy formulation takes both the effectiveness and the viability or acceptability of proposed actions into
account. Effectiveness refers to valid, workable strategies that address the situation, while acceptability refers to
those strategies which are more likely to be put into action. Usually, the leaders formulate policies and as well
control and direct the implementation activities of the policy. This situation is not proper as such control and
directive are mostly motivated by selfish personal or political interests.
 (iii) Studying the Teaching-Learning Situation : As states earlier modern supervision is concerned with the
total teaching-learning situation, its ultimate purpose being to bring about all round improvement in the learning
programme and activities.

Reflect on Studying the Teaching – Learning Situation

Teacher ensures that teaching progress is running smoothly and efficiently. Once a class period starts and students
and teacher enter the room; teacher’s can exercise control of the events of the classroom by assuming the role of a
manager. Effective management is especially important in the early sessions. The role of an effective manager is to
create a climate that welcomes, supports, and rewards innovative thinking and problem solving”. Teachers are
concerned about whether teaching emphasis is placed primarily on course context, interpersonal relationship, or on
classroom discipline and control. They take into consideration the kind of learning being promoted, whether the
emphasis, is on the acquisition of skill, facts or understanding. They look at the pattern of communication in the
classroom. Student communication, teacher’s keep on eye on the way in which educational tasks are organized
whether students are working on the same task, to see all students at all times. Teaching materials and supplies are
readily available. Students should be able to see instructional presentations.

(iv) Improving the Teaching-Learning Situation : Having studied the situation and having observed it in
operation supervision proceeds to take positive steps for its improvement. These steps should be planned and undertaken
with the cooperation of all the workers. Teachers possess knowledge and necessary professional training but these are not
enough. There is constant need of their on-the-job improvement by keeping them abreast of the current researches and
developments in educational theory and practice.

Reflect on Improving the Teaching-Learning Situation:

There are a couple of questions we can consider first. One is about why teaching and learning is not yet good
enough. That can perhaps give us some insight. I’m not one for looking backwards, preferring to focus on how
we want the future to look. But, the thing to explore is, if we know we want to improve teaching and learning,
why has it not improved already? Do we know the root cause? It’s important we at least consult about this so
we don’t just keep doing the same thing and then of course, get the same result.

We won’t dwell there though, instead we could focus on what great learning might look like, but again, we
have to ask, if (and it is an if) you all know what it might look like (and it can look like many different things)
what’s holding you back? This is the time to consider that perhaps, in order to achieve great teaching and
learning and improved outcomes for learners we have to focus on something else.

Rather than focusing on what teachers and learners need to do differently in lessons, we need a big step back.
We need to consider the conditions in which improvement can happen. Before we try and improve individual
aspects of learning, we need to build the type of team that is likely to be able to do that. We have to stop
asking about how we improve learning and instead focus on how we improve our teams. We have to help our
teams get to a place where they can find their own answers.

(v) Improving Human Relations : The attitudes and values of a person depend upon the type of experiences he
has had with other people. If others treat him well, give him understanding, respect and love, he develops a healthy
personality with a sense of security and self confidence.

Reflect on Improving Human Relations:

Disputes happen and the major reason is bad human relations. The thinking that we people have in our
mind creates the differences between people and this causes the major destruction. Yes, the major one
and the history speaks itself to justify our words. Why do you think world war happened? It is because
humans were not wise enough to improve their relations with each other.
 (vi) Improving Group Interaction : Human relations are very tough to improve but it is important to make them
healthy because this is a desperate need of this time. There are a couple of things that you can, in fact, should do to
improve human relationships so that we all can live in a beautiful and peaceful world. ation is a cooperative group
enterprise. It is the function of supervision to secure and maintain cooperation so that each worker is enabled to make his
best contribution to group effort toward the desired goals.

Reflect on Improving Group Interaction :

Good communication is as stimulating as black coffee and just as hard to sleep after. Successful group
communication is often associated with writing and speaking well, being articulate or proficient with words.
linguist observes that meaning lies within us, not in the words we use. Indeed, communication in this text is
defined as the process of understanding and sharing meaning.

(vii) Improving Supervision : It may sound strange to some readers when we say that another important function
of supervision is to improve itself. The significance of this statement will be clear if we remember that supervision sets
forth its own purposes and procedures and so it essential constantly to evaluate whether and how far it is fulfilling its
appointee tasks.
Reflect on Improving Supervision :

Improving supervision one of the roles of a supervisors in a team even in itself. Supervisors bear the
responsibility to improve their leadership skills using different kinds of strategies. As a leader or supervisor,
it is a great importance is your ability to improve their leading, managing, supervising and motivating your
subordinates or staff effectively.

(viii) Improving Morale of Teachers : Morale refers to a specific mental state of an individual. It is Notes an attitude
towards the achievement of a goal. If the individual feels and says that he can achieve the goal, it is inferred that his
morale is high.

Reflect on Improving Morale of Teachers

Teachers who are enthusiastic and genuinely enjoy their job will typically see better academic results when
compared to teachers who do not exhibit those characteristics. Every administrator should want a building full
of happy teachers. It is critical that administrators recognize the value of keeping teacher morale high. They
should have several strategies in place designed to boost teacher moral throughout the year. The demands of
the job are continuously changing and increasing. These factors along with others have forced administrators
to make a conscious effort when examining, maintaining, and boosting teacher morale. It will take more than
one approach to boost teacher morale successfully. A strategy that works well in one school may not work well
for another.

(ix) Generating Favourable Learning Climate : Climate refers to the psycho-social characteristic of the
environment. These characteristics greatly influence learning of students and teaching by teachers. These characteristics
have been variously named as socio-emotional climate, social interaction, inter-personal relations, environmental ethos or
thrust.

Reflect on Generating Favourable Learning Climate :

If you’re a school leader, you have problems to solve: bullying, teacher burnout, disengaged students,
casual vandalism and litter, and cultural and socio-economic differences, among others. Big issues
that affect a lot of people. Researchers have found that a positive school climate can help solve a lot
of those problems. Studies find that it decreases absenteeism, suspensions, substance abuse, and
 LEARNING REFLECTION

1. As a Future School head, How do the following statement be a guidepost in the discharge of your function
as Supervisor of instruction?
“Supervision is a creative and dynamic process giving
friendly guidance and direction to teachers and pupils
for improving themselves and the teaching-learning
situation of the accomplishment of the desired goals
of education.”
Supervision plays a vital role to improve the teaching-learning process. Thus supervision is a creative and
dynamic process giving friendly guidance and direction to teachers and pupils for improving themselves and
the teaching-learning situation of the accomplishment of the desired goals of education. As a future school
head, all the effort of the school officials directed towards providing leadership to teachers and other
educational workers for the improvement of institution. It involves both human and material elements. The
human elements are the pupils, parents, teachers and other employees, the community and other officials of the
state. On the material side money, building, equipment, playgrounds etc. are included. Besides these, the
curriculum, methods and techniques of teaching also come under the scope of supervision. Supervisors actively
participate in the school's instructional program; for instance, they constantly evaluate the program and work
with teachers so as to get the best results with students. Instructional leaders improve the quality of
instruction by furthering professional growth for all teachers; in-servicing contributes toward accomplishing
this end. The supervisory function is best utilized as a continuous process rather than one that responds only to
personnel problems. Administrators with supervisory responsibility have the opportunity to have tremendous
influence on the school program and help ensure the benefits of a strong program of instruction for children