HUMSS- PHILIPPINE POLITICS- WEEK No. 6- Mr. ARNOLD V.
DE CASTRO
PHILIPPINE DEMOCRATIC POLITICS
LESSON 1: PRE (BEFORE)-SPANISH GOVERNMENT
Particulars Significant Information
1. Unit of Government - Barangay (from “balangay”, a
Malayan boat) consisting of more or
less 100 families
- some barangays joined together as
confederations for protection against
common enemies.
2. Datu/Rajah/Sultan/Hadji - chief-executive, law-giver, chief-
judge and military head of barangay
- Maginoos- council of elders who
assisted and advised the datu, etc.
- Ways of Becoming a Datu, etc:
inheritance, wisdom, wealth or physical
power
3. Social Classes in Brgy. - a. Nobility/Maharlika- where datu,etc.
belonged
- b. Freemen/Timawa
- c. Serfs/Aliping Namamahay and
Slaves/Aliping Sagigilid
4. Early Laws - a. Written Laws- made by the datu
- b. Unwritten Laws- customs and
traditions
5. Comparison with other ancient - laws of barangay were generally fair
governments - Filipinos had shown high intelligence
and moral virtues
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LESSON 2: GOVERNMENT DURING SPANISH PERIOD
Particulars Significant Information
1. Spain’s Title to the Philippines -started on the basis of discovery made
by Ferdinand Magellan in 1521
-ended by virtue of Treaty of Paris when
Philippines was ceded by Spain to
United States
2. Spanish Colonial Government -1565 to 1821- Philippines was
indirectly governed by King of Spain
thru Mexico because Mexico was
colonized then by Spain
- 1821- Philippines was directly
governed by Spain
- Basic Principle introduced by Spain to
Philippines: union of church and State
3. Government in the Philippine unitary - centralized and national because:
a. Towns/Pueblos- headed by
gobernadorcillos; consolidation of
barangays
b. Provinces- headed by governors;
consolidation of towns
c. Cities- with ayuntamiento or cabildo
(the city council now Sanggunian);
Cebu was the first City established and
Manila was the second
d. Governor-General-with executive,
legislative and judicial powers and the
commander-in-chief of all armed
forces of the Philippines
e. Royal Audiencia- Supreme Court of
Philippines during that time
 EVALUATION OF SPANISH GOVERNMENT IN PHILIPPINES
POSTIVE SIDE
- Spaniards and Filipinos intermarried
and mingled socially
- tribal wars ended
- diverse tribes were molded into one
people, under one God, one King and
one government
- Filipinos were uplifted from the primitive
culture and paganism
- Christianity is introduced
LESSON 3: GOVERNMENTS DURING REVOLUTIONARY
ERA
Particulars
1. Katipunan Government
2. Biak-na-Bato Republic
3. Dictatorial Government
4. Revolutionary Government
5. First Philippine Republic
NEGATIVE SIDE
- government was defective since it was
a government for Spaniards and not for
Filipinos
- Spanish officials were often inefficient
and corrupt
- equality before the law for Filipinos was
denied
Significant Information
- secret society organized by Andres
Bonifacio
- ultimate goal: free and sovereign
Philippines
- established by Emilio Aguinaldo
- Goal: separation of Philippines from
Spain
- established after the outbreak of
Spanish-American war by Aguinaldo
- Greatest Achievement: proclamation of
Philippine Independence on June 12,
1898 at Kawit, Cavite
- headed by Aguinaldo
- Goals: recognition of Philippine
independence & preparation for
establishment of real Republic
- creation of the Malolos Constitution (1st
democratic constitution promulgated in
whole Asia
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- this Republic was not recognized by the
family of nations
- In February 1899, the United States
annexed the Philippines as a result of the
Spanish-American War and Aguinaldo
was captured, thus, the Malolos
Constitution had no opportunity to
operate and the First Republic was
short-lived.
ACTIVITY NO. 4:
As discussed, one of the significant changes made by the
Spanish government in the Philippines was the UNION of church
and State. Make an essay composed of at least 3 paragraphs
expressing your view as to whether the said union should exist
or not. Clearly explain and elaborate your reasons. Your grade
will be based on the originality of your work and the quality of
your reasons. Avoid copy and paste.
You can make it in a Word document in any format with file name (your Last
Name, First Name, Middle Initial) which you may sent to my email address
(arnolddecastro888@gmail.com) or directly to my Facebook messenger (Arnold
Villena De Castro) for confidentiality.
You can also write your output manually in a clean sheet of paper, take a photo/s
of said output and send the photo/s to the above- mentioned email address or
Facebook messenger.
DEADLINE: ON OR BEFORE 11:59 pm, OCTOBER 9, 2020.
ALWAYS KEEP SAFE and GOD BLESS!