PE 2

Name: Glyndee Marr E. Jagonob Grade & Section: BSN1-A

Subject Teacher: Ma’am Thelma Dabon

A. Definition of Terms

1. Rhythm
-in the performance arts, rhythm is the timing of events on a human scale; of musical sounds
and silences that occur over time, of the steps of a dance, or the meter of spoken language and
poetry. Rhythm is music’s pattern in time.
2. Dance
- is a performing art form consisting of sequences of movement, either improvised or
purposefully selected. This movement has aesthetic and often symbolic value. Dance can be
categorized and described by its choreography, by its repertoire of movements, or by its
historical period or place of origin.
3. Folk Dance
- is a dance developed by people that reflect the life of the people of a certain country or region.
Not all ethnic dances are folk dances. For example, ritual dances or dances of ritual origin are
not considered to be folk dances.
4. Ethnic Dance
-this dance represents history, culture and tradition of the people in the ethnic group. For the
minorities and diasporas, it served as a wheel to solidify and express their ethnic pride, as well
as to challenge the hegemonic mainstream values.
5. Modern Dance
- is a broad genre of western concert or theatrical dance which included dance styles such as
ballet, folk, ethnic, religious, and social dancing; and primarily arose out of Europe and the
United States in the late 19th and early 20th centuries.
6. Ballroom Dance
- is a set of partner dances, which are enjoyed both socially and competitively around the world,
mostly because of its performance and entertainment aspects. Ballroom dancing is also widely
enjoyed on stage, film, and television.
7. Creative Rhythm
- are sometimes called fundamental rhythms or natural dances. A creative rhythm is an end
product of exploration and improvisation of movement, as one learns to move the parts of their
body and to use this as an instrument of expression.
8. Dancing
- is simply movement to music. It was mostly done in religious ceremonies but eventually as a
social pleasure choice.

9. Rhythmic

- having a regular repeated pattern of sounds or movements. A rhythmic movement or sound is

repeated at regular intervals, forming a regular pattern or beat.
 10. Recreational Dance
- refers to any form of dancing that is done primarily for its social, educational or health
benefits; it includes social dance and amateur dance instruction and performance.

B. Write down all the dances here in the Philippines. Identify based on its music and definition of
terms.

A. Folk Dance - a popular dance, considered as a part of the tradition or custom of a particular people.

Here are the 12 most popular Philippines folk dances:

1. Tinikling - tinikling is a traditional Philippine folk dance which originated during the Spanish colonial era.
The dance involves two people beating, tapping, and sliding bamboo poles on the ground and against
each other in coordination with one or more dancers who step over and in between the poles in a dance.
2. Itik-Itik – a cultural dance in the Philippines that originated in Surigao del Sur. Itik-itik is a mimetic folk
dance in the Philippines. It is composed of pair dancers, one male dancer and one female dancer. Itwas
discovered in this town by National Artist for Dance Francisca Reyes-Aquino.
3. Maglalatik – an example of Philippine folk dance that originated in Biñan, Laguna. The Maglalatik (also
known as Manlalatik or Magbabao) is a folk dance from the Philippines performed by male dancers.
Coconut shell halves are secured onto the dancers' hands and on vests upon which are hung four or six
more coconut shell halves.
4. Binasuan – binasuan is a tribal dance in the Philippines that originated in Pangasinan. The binasuan is
a Filipino folk dance in which the performer holds full wine glasses in each hand while performing
balancing tricks. Wine may be used to fill the glasses, but other liquids may be substituted.
5. Singkil – singkíl (or Sayaw sa Kasingkil) is a folk dance of the Maranao people of Lake Lanao depicting one
of the episodes in the epic poem Darangen, which was popularised by the Bayanihan Philippine National
Folk Dance Company.

6. Kappa Malong-Malong – one of the significant dances in the Philippines, specifically Mindanao, is
the Kappa Malong Malong. Coined from the tag “kappa”—a derivation of the prefix “ka”—it indicates that
someone has the “ability to act” or “manipulate” the malong. It is a traditional folk dance that originated
from the indigenous Filipino-Muslim tribe collectively known as Maranaos.

7. Carinosa – a local dance in the Philippines that originated in Panay Island. Cariñosa is a Philippine dance of
colonial-era origin from the Maria Clara suite of Philippine folk dances, where the fan or handkerchief
plays an instrumental role as it places the couple in romance scenario.
8. Sayaw sa Bangko – a traditional folk dance in the Philippines that originated in Pangasinan. Another
example of Philippine folk dance that will test your skills is the Sayaw sa Bangko (dancing on a chair). It is
performed on top of a narrow bench. To ace this ethnic dance in the Philippines, dancers need good
balance as they go through a series of movements that include some impressive acrobatics.
9. Pandanggo sa Ilaw – just like Binasuan, Pandanggo sa Ilaw is a game of balancing glasses, only with
candles inside. Dancers have to balance three oil lamps: one on the head, and one in each hand. It’s a
lively Philippine folk dance that originated on Lubang Island in Occidental Mindoro. The music is in 3/4
time and is usually accompanied by castanets.
10. Pandanggo Oasiwas – is a type of dance in the Philippines similar to the Pandanggo sa Ilaw, and is typically
performed by fishermen to celebrate a bountiful catch. In Pandanggo Oasiwas folk dance, the lamps are
placed in cloths or nets and swung around as the dancers circle and sway.
 11. Kuratsa – is considered a courtship dance in the Philippines. This Filipino dance has three parts. First is
where the couple performs a waltz. Second, the music sets a faster pace as the man pursues the woman
around the dance floor in a chase. Lastly, the music becomes even faster as the man wins over the woman
with his mating dance.
12. Pantomina – a type of dance in the Philippines that originated in Bicol. Is another courtship dance in the
Philippines. It is a regular feature of festivities in Bicol, and is said to mimic the movement of doves in
courtship.

B. Ethnic Dances – ancient origin but contemporaneous, ethnic dance lives on in the Philippines. At the
base of ethnic dance are those imitate nature and life while at the social core are performed rituals that
keep an ethnolinguistic group (or a convergence of several) which is spirited and cohesive.

1. Igorot- there are six Igorot ethnolinguistic tribes living in Luzon's mountain terrains:
the Bontoc, Ifugao, Benguet, Apayo, and the Kalinga tribes, which retained much of their anito religions.
Their lives have been centered on appeasing their gods and maintaining a harmonious relationship
between spirits and man. Dances are usually linked to rituals for a good harvest, health, prayers for
peace, and safety in war.

Type of Dance Origin Tribe Purpose

One popular contemporary performance in the Philippines is named after the

large banga pots. This performance originated in the province of Kalinga of the
Mountain Province. As many as seven or eight pots are balanced on the heads of
Banga Kalinga
maidens as they move to the beat of the gangsa, a type of gong, while they go
about their daily routine of fetching water while balancing the banga. This is why
the tribesmen are known as fierce warriors.

The Bendayan, which is also referred to as Bendian, is a dance that was adapted
Benguet
from the tradition of the Benguet Mountain Province in which hunters are
Province,
Bendayan honoured. Although it is an adaptation or rendition of the original, it is still
Northern
included in each festivity in Benguet and its significance remains preserved.
Luzon
Furthermore, the circles lead to an unambiguous meaning.

Manmanok is a dance that dramatizes is a dance that portrait the rooster and
Manmanok Bago the hen, Lady Lien. They try to attract her by making use of blankets that depict
their feathers and wings.

Tachok is a Kalinga Festival Dance that is performed by unmarried Kalinga

women who imitate the movement of the flight of birds as they move through
Lumagen/
Luzon Kalinga the air. People come together and perform this dance to celebrate their birth
Tachok
first-born baby boy, weddings, or people who are able to make peace with each
other. This dance is accompanied with music with the use of gongs.
 The word Gaddang originated from the combination of two words which are
“ga”, meaning heat, and “dang” which is to burn. The Gaddang people live in the
center of Cagayan Valley. Furthermore, some of their groups have resided in
Isabela, Kalinga, and Eastern Bontoc. They are mostly Christian, and are
Cagayan agricultural in nature. Those that have resided in the areas stated mostly
Turayen Gaddang
Valley preserved their culture which is rooted in indigenous and swidden agricultural
traditions. For an instance, they commonly practice the burning of existing crops
to construct short-term plots for farming. Additionally, they also practice hunting
and fishing. In the Gaddang dance, the people emulate the movements of birds
that are drawn to tobacco trees.

Tarektek dramatizes two male tarektek woodpeckers who try to get the
attention of three females. The first woodpecker tries doing this by showing his
good voice. This was portrayed by the banging of a brass gong. On the other
Tarektek Benguet
hand, the second tries impress the females by showing off his feathers. This was
portrayed by the use of colorful blankets that are moved around in bird like
movements.

The Salidsid, or the “cayoo dance”, is known as a romantic dance in which a male
courts a female. That being said, it is commonly performed with one male and a
female dancer. It starts with each of the dancers holding an “ayob” or “allap”
which is a small cloth. Customarily, the most powerful people in the village are in
Salidsid Kalinga the dance following the host's signal of the opening of the affair. Both the
context and the significance of the dance are apparent. Additionally, the male
imitates a rooster that is attempting to gain attention from a hen which is
represented by a female dancer. On the other hand, the female dancer imitates
the gestures of a hen that is being orbited by a rooster.

Tribes from the mountain provinces in Luzon give great importance to their
identity. Thanksgiving, birth, wedding, and victory in war among others, are
some things that these people celebrate through the art of dance. The Kalinga
wedding ritual, to be particular, is a dance wherein a bride is offered protection
Salip Kalinga
and comfort by the groom. The man tries to show his love by imitating the
movements of a rooster. Meanwhile, the bride's friends prepare “bangas”
(earthen pots) that contain fresh water from the mountain spring to offer to the
groom.
 Ragsaksakan dance portrays the walk of the industrious Kalingga women who
climb up the rice terraces in the Mountain Provinces of the Philippines. They
Ragsaksakan Kalinga
carry pots that are placed above their heads. They also wear small hand woven
blankets around their necks which represent the “blankets of life.”

Coined from the word ipugao meaning “coming from the earth” is the term
Ifugao, pertaining to the people of the province who are called to be the
“children of the earth.” As well as to the province itself, according to the
Uyauy/Uyaoy Ifugao Spaniards. Those who belong to the wealthy class, the Kadangyans, have the
privilege to use the gongs that are used at the wedding festival dance. The same
dance is performed by the people who desire to reach the second level of the
wealthy class

2. Moro- the Moro people are the various usually unrelated Muslim Filipino ethnic groups. Most of their
dances are marked by intricate hand and arm movements, accompanied by instruments such as the
agong and kulintang.

Type of
Origin Tribe Purpose
Dance

The Panglay, a dance native to the Badjaos meant to highlight the power of the
Zamboanga upper body, is executed through the rhythmic bounce of the shoulder while
Pangalay Badjao
del Sur simultaneously waving the arms. Most times, this dance is performed in social
gatherings like weddings.

Burung Talo is a dance in the form of martial arts. Performers portray a battle
Burung
Tausug between a hawk and a cat. This dance is accompanied with lively beats from
Talo
gongs and drums as the performers do acrobatic movements.

The Asik is solo dance performance portrays an unmarried young woman who
tries to gain the approval and support of her sultan master. She can dance for
Lanao del two reasons. The first is to try to win the heart of her master and the second is to
Asik Maguindanao
Sur be able to make up for a mistake she has done. In this dance, the performer
dances and poses in doll like motionsand is dressed with fine beads, long metal
finger nails, and heavy make-up.
 Singkil is a Filipino dance that narrates the epic legend of “Darangan” of the
Maranao people of Mindanao. This 14th century epic is about Princess Gandingan
getting trapped in the forest during an earthquake that was said to have been
caused by the forest nymphs or fairies called diwatas. The name “Singkil” is
derived from the bells worn by the Princess on her ankles.

The dance uses props that are representative of the events in the epic. The criss-
Lanao, crossed bamboos are clapped together to signify the falling trees the Princess
Singkil Marano
Mindanao gracefully dodges as they fall while her slave follows her around. The Prince then
finds her and the other dancers begin to dance slowly and progress to faster
tempo with fans or their hands moving in a rhythmic manner which signify the
winds in the forest. With skillful handling of fans, the dancers cross the bamboos
precisely and expertly. In Sulu, Royal Princesses are required to learn the dance.
The Royal Princesses in the dance, specifically in Lanao are usually accompanied
by a waiting lady holding an elaborately decorated umbrella on her head and
follows her as she dances.

Tahing Tahing Baila is a Yakan dance, a low land tribal Philippine folk dance, in which it
Yakan
Baila tries to imitate movements of fish.
From the highlands of Mindanao, is a Musim ethnic group called the Yakan. They
are known to wear body-hugging elaborately woven costumes. One of their
Pangsak Basilan Yakan popular dances, called Pangsak, involves a man and his wife performing
complicated hand and foot movements while their faces are painted white to
hide their identity from evil spirits.

To imitate themovements of the beautiful southern boat (the vinta) with colorful
Panglay ha
Badjao sails which journeys through the Sulu Sea, the Panglay ha Pattong is a dance
Pattong
performed by a royal couple that balances on top of bamboo poles.

Panglay sa Agong is a dance that portrays two warriors who try to gain the
Panglay sa
Tausug-Sulu attention of a young woman. By banging on gongs, it was the way they showed
Agong
their courage and skills.

Maranao people from the around the Lake Lanao have a royal manner of
Lanao del “walking” called the Pagapir. The ladies of the royal court perform this dance for
Pagapir Maranao
Sur important events and to show their good upbringing. It involves a graceful
manipulation of the Aper (apir) or fan while doing the “Kini-kini” or small steps.

Sagayan is a dance often performed before celebrations, and to get rid of bad
spirits and to welcome good ones. The performers are fierce warriors who
portray movements that depict a warrior trying to protect his master in battle.
Sagayan Cotabato Maguindanao This means that many acrobatic movements are involved in this dance. They carry
a shield on one hand and a kampilan on the other, a double-sided sword made of
either wood or metal. These dancers also wear bright colored materials for their
three tiered skirts, toppers and headgear.
 Kapa Malong Malong, also known as Sambi sa Malong, is a dance that shows how
the malong can be used or worn. A malong is a hand woven piece of cloth that is
Kapa
tubular that can come in many colors. For women, they usually make use of it as
Malong
a skirt, shawl, mantle, or headpiece. On the other hand, for men, they make use
Malong
of it as a sash, waistband, shorts or bahag, and headgear for the fields or as a
decorative piece.

3. Lumad- the non-Islamized natives of Mindanao are collectively known as the Lumad people. Like
the Igorot, they still retain much of their animistic anito religions.

Type of Dance Origin Tribe Purpose

The Kuntaw, which originates from the Malay word meaning “fist”, is one
of Mindanao's best-kept secrets. It is a martial arts dance that includes
Kuntaw T’boli
gestures of the fist, accompanied by other actions like jumps, kicks, and
knee bends.

The tribe of T’boli is located in a place where there are vast amounts of
wildlife, most especially birds. Kadal Taho, also considered as the “True
Dance of the T’boli,” is a story about a flock of sister birds who left to look
Lake Sebu, South
Kadal Taho T’boli for food and ended up getting lost. During the journey, one of the sisters
Cotabato
injures her leg and is unable to fly. With her flock by her side, motivating
her and supporting her, she was able to fly again and they were able to
get home safely.

Lemlosnon, Kadal Blelah is a tribal dance wheres dancers try to simulate and imitate
Kadal Blelah T’boli
Cotabato the different movements of birds.

The Binalayan dance emulates movements of a hen, her baby chicks and
a hawk. The hawk has always been seen and symbolized as that which
Binaylan Higaonon Bagobo has power over the welfare of the entire tribe. Although, one day, the
hawk tried to get one of the baby chicks which led to the hawk’s death
for it was killed by hunters.

Bagobo Rice Cycle, also known as Sugod Uno, is a tribal dance which
Bagobo Rice portrays the rice production cycle. This includes the prepping the land,
Davao del Sur Bagobo
Cycle planting rice, watering the rice, and harvesting it. This dance also portrays
rituals to say thank you for the rice that they were able to harvest.

Dugso Bukidnon Talaindig Performances such as a sacrifice dance rite exists in provinces wherein
 religion is given the highest regard, such as the Higaonon of Bukidnon
province in Mindanao place. “Dugso” is performed as a form of
thanksgiving for good harvest, healing of the sick and for the community's
overall well-being. It is also used to get rid of bad spirits, to give luck for
victory in battle and used during the blessing of the newly opened field.
Their costumes are compared to that of the pagpagayok bird because of
the colourful headdresses and the bells wrapped around their ankles
which is considered as the “best music” to the spirits.

Kadal Heroyon, also known as the dance of flirtation, is performed by

Kadal Lake Sebu, South T’boli girl adolescents qualified to get married. Beautification, which was
T’boli
Heroyon Cotabato held of high importance in the tribe, is portrayed through movements
that would imitate how birds flew.

Karasaguyon is a tribal dance that portrays a story of four sisters who try
to get the attention of a polygamous man who is choosing his next wife.
Lake Sebu, South
Karasaguyon T’boli This dance is accompanied with music from the sounds of the beads and
Cotabato
bells as they clink against each other which are wrapped around the
waists and ankles of the performers.

The Kinugsik Kugsik tries to imitate the friendly and endearing nature of
squirrels. The dance portrays an issue of love between two male squirrels
Kinugsik Santa Maria, and one female squirrel who run around the forest. They had created this
Manobo
Kugsik Agusan del Norte dance as a remembrance of the time wherein the tribe of Manobo lived
harmoniously with squirrels who thrived in their area. They named this
dance as such because they called these squirrels, “kugsik.”

A lawin, Philippine hawk eagle, is endemic to the Philippine region. The

lawin-lawin dance tries to imitate how the eagle soars the sky by making
Lawin-Lawin Davao del Sur Bagobo
use of shields to represent the wings. This is performed by males of the
Bagobo tribe.

Sohten was danced before as a way of asking the gods for protection and
Zamboanga del success before going into battle. This is now performed by an all males of
Sohten Subanon
Norte the Subanon tribe who make use of shields and palm leaves to portray
this pre-combat ritualistic dance.

Talbeng, a lively dance accompanied by a guitarist, imitates animals of

Babuklod, Florida
Talbeng the region, most especially the monkeys. This dance originated from the
Blanca, Pampanga
Aetas, also known as the Negritos.
 The Bangkakawan, a fishing ritual, originated from the Tigwahanon
Manobos of Bukidnon. A huge log is carved to replicate the shape of a
Bangkakawan Bukidnon Monobo
palungan (snake) and is used to making steady beats and rhythms to
make fish dizzy and less difficult to catch.

Moral Solanay is a dance performed by indigenous people of B’laan. This

Southern dance is performed by women who portray the spirit of a young lady
Maral Solanay B’laan
Mindanao named Solanay. Through this dance, they try to show grace, beauty, and
diligence which Solanay represents.

After a Pagdiwata ritual, the basal banal dance is usually performed. This
is a traditional dance of the Palawanons wherein they make use of native
Basal Banal Palawan Palawanon
balasbas and cloth to make their movements more prominent and
noticeable.

Well respected Obo Manobo warriors, called Baganis, perform this dance
Palihuvoy Manobo
which showcase their skills in fighting.

Sabay Pengalay is a Subanon courtship dance that contains pantomimic

Sabay Zamboanga del
Subanon gestures. It portrays a smitten bachelor who tries to win the heart of a
Pengalay Norte
kerchief.

Siring is a dance performed by the Lambangian tribe. Their ancestry is

from an intermarriage between the Dulangan Manobo and Teduray, two
Siring Maguindanao Lambangians other indigenous tribes. The siring is a dance that portrays different
activities that occur in their everyday lives. These include planting rice
and catching fish.

Sout is a Subanen dance which aims to be able to showcase a warriors

Sout Zamboanga Subanen skill with the use of a sword and shield (k’lasag) which are covered with
different kinds of shells called blasi.

Talek in a dance usually performed by Subanen women, who hold on to

Talek Zamboanga Subanen
kompas or rattan leaves, during festivals or wedding celebrations.

Kadal Unok Lake Sebu, South T’boli The Kadal Unok is a dance performed by women that is depicted through
Cotabato elegant and fluid movements with the use of the arms that tries to
imitate the movements of the onus bird. They performers make use of
heavy make-up and adornments which represents the tribe’s passion for
beauty and fashion. Their passion for beauty and fashion goes as far as
 wearing wide brimmed hats that are highly decorated in the fields and
wearing interlocked bronze belts, helots, whenever they walk or dance.

Balisangkad comes from Madukayan, eastern side of Mountain Province.

Balisangkad Tagbanau It is a type of hunting dance in which the dancer’s movement imitate
those of an eagle, particularly the flight of the eagle.

A ritual meant for the rice harvest, the Pagdiwata was a nine-day
Pagdiwata Tagbanau demonstration among the Tagbanuas of Palawan to give thanks. This
revolved around the babaylan or priestess and her ministrations.

The Sayagan is a dance meant for courtship wherein a man asks for a
Sagayan Tagbanau womans hand by putting his piz cloth on the ground. For the woman to
answer him back, she must likewise put her own cloth on the ground.

Soryano is a courtship dance that portrays anxious men holding on to

cloths trying to persuade women to turn around and face them. Instead,
Soryano Palawan Tagbanau
these women, turn the opposite way for fun and make the men chase
them.This dance then becomes a lively and energetic dance of chase.

During the tambol, villagers summon their guiding spirit, Diwata. It is a

Tambol Tagbanau
nine-day ritual of a babaylan or priestess.

4. Christianized Filipinos- the majority of Filipinos are the Christianized lowlanders of the islands. Their
dances are heavily influenced by the Spanish, though still retaining native aspects. The dances range
from courtship dances, to fiesta (festival) dances, to performance dances. The traditional attire in these
dances include the balintawak and patadyong skirts for the women, and camisa de chino and colored
trousers for the men.

Type of Dance Origin Tribe Purpose

The name Bulaklakan originates from the numerous flowers

that grow in the area of Bulacan. The dance is dedicated to
Bulaklakan Bulacan
the Virgin Mary performed widely in the month of May as
part of the celebration of their holy week.
 Sakuting was originally performed by male dancers only. It
originates from the province of Abra, performed by both
Ilokano Christians and non-Christians. It depicts a mock fight
Sakuting Abra with sticks for training and combat. During Christmas, the
dance is performed in town plazas or dancers will go door to
door. Spectators give them aguinaldos (5-piso bills) or
refreshments.

For the past centuries, an important part of peasant social life

is the gathering of peasants who collectively work together to
do labor-intensive jobs for the community. Once a week they
would gather to clean the forest, till the soil, do farm work,
Tiklos Leyte
etc. Every noon time, after the peasants have eaten and
started to rest, the Tiklos is usually performed. When the
peasants start to hear the Tiklos music from the flute, guitar,
guimbal or tambora, they start dancing the Tiklos together.

Social gatherings in communities call for customaries that

come in the form of offering wine to guests. The offer is made
by a young lady who chooses a young man from the guest to
dance with. In accepting a glass of wine, the young man also
Abaruray accepts dancing with the lady. It is not advisable to turn down
the offer as it is offensive to the community's etiquette and
the lady. As they dance, the girl's ability is shown through
balancing the glass of wine without spilling a drop. The
audience claps with the music.

In the separation of Loma and Zapote of Binan, Laguna during

the Spanish regime, the two barrios danced the maglalatik.
The Maglalatik or Magbabao is a war dance in portrayal of a
fight over prized latik between Moros and Christians. There
are four parts of the dance, namely, the Palipasan and
Baligtaran, Paseo and Sayaw Escaramusa. In order, the
former two parts depicts the heated relationship between
Maglalatik the two groups mentioned previously while the latter two
parts showcases their reconciliation. Following the legend,
the Moros won in the fight, but the Christians, uncontented,
sent an envoy and offered peace and baptism to the Moros.

The dancers go house to house to dance the Maglalatik in

exchange for money or a gift. Come night time, the dancers
dance in a religious procession as an offering to San Isidro de
Labrador, patron saint of the farmers.

Tinikling Leyte The tinikling is named after the tikling bird. The dancers
imitate the bird's flight in grace and speed as they play and
chase each other, run over tree branches or dodge farmer's
 traps. The dance is done with a pair of bamboo poles.
The tinikling dance has evolved from what is called ‘Tinikling
Ha Bayo’ which the older people claim to be a harder dance
to perform. Originally, the said dance was done between
bayuhan, wooden pestles used to pound husks off of rice
grain.

Subli
Subli is a famous dance in barrios of the municipality of
Bauan, Batangas. It is a ceremonial dance performed in
Barrio of fiestas every May in homage to Mahal Na Poong Santa Cruz.
Dingin,
The name comes from the Tagalog words “subsub” (stooped)
Alitagtag,
and “bali” (broken). Hence, the male dancers are positioned
Batangas
in a “trunk-forward-bend” way seemingly lame and crooked
throughout the dance.

The Sayaw sa Obando is performed in honor of Santa Clara,

patron saint of the childless. It is the childless women usually
Obando,
Sayaw Sa Obando from Malabon and Navotas who participate in the dance as
Bulacan
part of a ritual to ask the said saint to grant their wishes to
have a child.
Cariñosa or Karinyosa is a well-known dance around the
Philippines with the meaning of the word being affectionate,
lovable, and amiable. The dancers use a handkerchief and go
Cariñosa
through the motions of hide and seek or typical flirtatious and
affectionate movements. The dance comes in many forms but
the hide and seek is common in all.
During the Spanish regime, Kuratsa was one of the popular
and best liked dances in the country. There are many versions
across different regions in Ilocos and Bicol. Currently, the one
Kuratsa being performed is a Visayan versions from Leyte. Performed
in a moderate waltz style, the dance has a sense of
improvisation that mimics a young playful couple trying to get
each other's attention.
Coming from the Spanish word “fandango”, the dance is
Lubang
characterized by steps and clapping that varies in rhythm in
Island,
Pandanggo Sa Ilaw 3/4 time. The Pandanggo sa Ilaw demands three oil lamps
Mindoro,
balanced on the heads and the back of the hands of each
Visayas
dancer.
C. Modern Dance - is a highly expressive style of dance that challenges the structured dance technique
of classical ballet. The focus of modern dance is expression, rather than following a rigid set of postures
or technical positions that ballet dancers are trained in.

1. Acro- is a style of dance that combines classical dance technique with precision acrobatic
elements. It is defined by its athletic character, its unique choreography, which seamlessly blends
dance and acrobatics, and its use of acrobatics in a dance context.

2. Ballet- is a type of performance dance that originated during the Italian Renaissance in the
fifteenth century and later developed into a concert dance form in France and Russia. It has since
become a widespread and highly technical form of dance with its own vocabulary. Ballet has been
influential globally and has defined the foundational techniques which are used in many other dance
genres and cultures. Various schools around the world have incorporated their own cultures. As a
result, ballet has evolved in distinct ways.

a. Classical ballet is based on traditional ballet technique and vocabulary. Different styles have
emerged in different countries, such as French ballet, Italian ballet, English ballet, and Russian ballet.
Several of the classical ballet styles are associated with specific training methods, typically named
after their creators. The Royal Academy of Dance method is a ballet technique and training system
that was founded by a diverse group of ballet dancers. They merged their respective dance methods
(Italian, French, Danish and Russian) to create a new style of ballet that is unique to the organization
and is recognized internationally as the English style of ballet. Some examples of classical ballet
productions are: Swan Lake, The Sleeping Beauty and The Nutcracker.

b. Romantic ballet was an artistic movement of classical ballet and several productions remain in
the classical repertoire today. The Romantic era was marked by the emergence of pointe work, the
dominance of female dancers, and longer, flowy tutus that attempt to exemplify softness and a
delicate aura. This movement occurred during the early to mid-nineteenth century (the Romantic
era) and featured themes that emphasized intense emotion as a source of aesthetic experience. The
plots of many romantic ballets revolved around spirit women (sylphs, wilis, and ghosts) who
enslaved the hearts and senses of mortal men. The 1827 ballet La Sylphide is widely considered to
be the first, and the 1870 ballet Coppélia is considered to be the last. Famous ballet dancers of the
Romantic era include Marie Taglioni, Fanny Elssler, and Jules Perrot. Jules Perrot is also known for
his choreography, especially that of Giselle, often considered to be the most widely celebrated
romantic ballet.

c. Neoclassical ballet is usually abstract, with no clear plot, costumes or scenery. Music choice can
be diverse and will often include music that is also neoclassical (e.g. Stravinsky, Roussel). Tim Scholl,
author of From Petipa to Balanchine, considers George Balanchine's Apollo in 1928 to be the first
neoclassical ballet. Apollo represented a return to form in response to Sergei Diaghilev's abstract
ballets. Balanchine worked with modern dance choreographer Martha Graham, and brought
modern dancers into his company such as Paul Taylor, who in 1959 performed in
Balanchine's Episodes.

d. Contemporary ballets may include mime and acting, and are usually set to music (typically
orchestral but occasionally vocal). It can be difficult to differentiate this form from neoclassical or
modern ballet. Contemporary ballet is also close to contemporary dance because many
 contemporary ballet concepts come from the ideas and innovations of twentieth-century modern
dance, including floor work and turn-in of the legs.

3. International styles like waltz, foxtrot, quickstep, and tango- the International Style is the
“English” form of partner dancing. This style is typically learned after you have a base knowledge of
the American Style. It most often is used competitively, but many people enjoy dancing this style
socially as well.

a. Waltz- International Waltz is elegant and graceful and lots of fun! This dance will help you to
acquire poise and grace. The International version of Waltz differs from American Style as it stays in
closed positions throughout the dance. You will use this dance at Ballroom dances, weddings,
charity events as well as other events.

b. Foxtrot- The International version of Foxtrot is smooth, elegant and rich in flowing movements.
This form of Foxtrot is danced mainly at competitions but advanced social dancers will also include
this in their repertoire as it can be danced to social Foxtrot music.

c. Quickstep- A fast moving Foxtrot dance. The Quickstep is full of energy and so much fun!
However we do recommend that you be fluent in Foxtrot before learning Quickstep. This way you
will enjoy learning and dancing this great smooth dance! You will use this dance on the social floor
as well as at competitions.

d. Tango- International Tango is quite a dynamic and dramatic passionate dance that is so much
fun. You will be quickly caught up in the Tango’s powerful and rhythmic cadence. This form of Tango
can be done on both the social and competitive floor however we recommend social dancers to
learn the American style first.

4. Belly- is a dance that has its origins in Egypt. It features movements of the hips and torso. It has
evolved to take many different forms depending on the country and region, both in costume and dance
style; with the Egyptian styles and costumes being the most recognized worldwide due to Egyptian
cinema.

5. Breaking- also called breaking or b-boying/b-girling, is an athletic style of street dance originating
from the African American and Puerto Rican communities in the United States.

6. Contemporary- is a genre of dance performance that developed during the mid-twentieth century
and has since grown to become one of the dominant genres for formally trained dancers throughout
the world, with particularly strong popularity in the U.S. and Europe.

7. Country–western- encompasses any of the dance forms or styles which are typically danced to
country-western music, and which are stylistically associated with American country and/or western
traditions.