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IEEE STD ANSI C57 12 25 1990
IEEE STD ANSI C57 12 25 1990
C57.12.25-1990
Revision of
ANSI C57.12.25-1981
Secretariat
National Electrical Manufacturers Association
Scope ........................................................................................................... 1
Normative references ................................................................................ 1
Ratings ........................................................................................................ 2
Basic lightning impulse insulation levels and dielectric
test levels ................................................................................................ 2
Tests............................................................................................................ 2
Construction ............................................................................................... 2
Storage and installation .......................................................................... 12
Other requirements that may be specified for
some applications ................................................................................ 12
Table 1 Transformer and connector high-voltage ratings and
electrical characteristics ............................................................. 7
Figures
1 Interchangeability dimensions .Type-1 arrangement ......................... 3
2 Interchangeability dimensions .Type-2 arrangement ......................... 5
3 Captive and recessed pentahead and hex-head bolts ........................ 9
4 Low-voltage terminals ............................................................................. 10
Foreword (This Foreword is not part of American National Standard C57.12.25-1990.)
This standard was processed and approved for submittal to ANSI by the
Accredited Standards Committee on Transformers, Regulators, and Reac-
tors, C57. Committee approval of this standard does not necessarily imply
that all committee members voted for its approval. At the time it approved
this standard, the C57 Committee had the following members:
(Vacant), Chairman
(Vacant), Vice-chairman
C. H. White, Secretary
Organization Represented Name of Representative
Electric Light and Power Group ............................................................ W. Cole
G. Gunnels
P.Orehek
A. Velazquez
D. Soffn'n (Alt.)
J. Sullivan (Ah.)
Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers .................................. J. Bonnucchi
0. Compton
J. Dutton
L. McCormick
W. Neiswender
F. Huber, Jr. (Alt.)
H. Smith (Alt.)
National Electrical Manufacturers Association..................................... J. Douglas
P. Hopkinson
W. Kendall
K. Linsley
W. McNutt
H. Robin
R. Schew
R. Uptegraff, Jr.
N. Mohesky (Alt.)
J. Nay (Alt.)
D. Strang (Ah.)
Testing Laboratory Group ..................................................................... W. OGrady
R. Seelbach (Alt.)
Tennessee Valley Authority .................................................................. L. Smith
U.S.Department of Agriculture -
Rural Electrification Administration..................................................... J. Arnold, Jr.
U.S. Department of Energy ................................................................... D. Torgenson
U S . Department of the Interior ............................................................. F. Cook, Sr.
U S . Department of the Navy ................................................................ H.Stickley
iii
Subcommittee C57.12.2, on Distribution Transformers, Overhead and Pad-
Mounted, which developed this standard, had the following members:
iv
AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD ANSI C57.12.25-1990
1
ANSI 057.1 2.25-1990
ANSMEEE C57.12.80-1978 (R1986) Termi- 3.2.2 High-voltage windings designed for se-
nology for Power and Distribution Transform- ries-multiple operation shall be connected for
ers the series voltage prior to shipment.
ANSVIEEE C57.12.90-1987, Test Code for 3.2.3 No taps shall be provided.
Liquid-Immersed Distribution, Power, and
Regulating Transformers and Guide for Short-
Circuit Testing of Distribution and Power 4 Basic lightning impulse insulation
Transformers levels and dielectric test levels
ANSMEEE C57.91-1981 , Guide for Loading
4.1 Basic lightning impulse insulation levels
Mineral-Oil-Immersed Overhead and Pad-
(BILs) shall be in accordance with Table 1 and
Mounted Distribution Transformers Rated 500
6.2.1.
kVA and Less with 65°C or 55OC Average
Winding Rise 4.2 Dielectric test levels shall be in accor-
dance with the distribution levels in Table 4 of
ANSVIEEE 386-1985, Separable Insulated
ANSVIEEE C57.12.00-1987.
Connector Systems for Power Distribution
Systems above 600 V
5 Tests
3 Ratings
5.1 General
3.1 Kilovolt-ampere ratings Except as specified in 5.2, tests shall be per-
formed as specified in ANSMEEE C57.12.00-
Kilovolt-ampere ratings are continuous and
1987 and ANSVIEEE C57.12.90-1987.
based on not exceeding either a 65°C average
winding temperature rise or an 80°C hot-spot 5.2 Dielectric tests
conductor temperature rise. The temperature
No applied voltage test is required on the high-
rise of the insulating oil shall not exceed 65°C
voltage winding. Induced voltage tests shall
when measured near the top of the tank. These
be performed by applying between the termi-
kilovolt-ampere ratings are based on the usual
nals of one winding a voltage that will develop
temperature and altitude service conditions
from the high-voltage line terminals to ground
specified in ANSMEEE C57.12.00-1987.
a voltage of 1000 volts plus 3.46 times the
The kilovolt-ampere ratings shall be as fol-
rated transformer winding voltage, but in no
lows:
case shall the line-to-ground voltage devel-
25 75 oped exceed 40 000 volts for 125 kV BIL and
37.5 100 50 000 volts for 150 kV BIL. For this test, the
50 167 neutral terminal shall be grounded.
2
ANSI C57.12.25-1990
SURFACE INSIDE
DETAIL A
I
CABLE ACCESSORY I
PARKING STAND BOTTOM
FLANGE I
I
OPENING A
(NOTE21 MIN
I
3
MIN L
1
_ _ _ - _ _ - _ _ _ _ -- - _
-1 - - -
I INSIDE
I i d
l i MAX
I- 18 MIN OPENING
(NOTE 2 )
-Dd-
MIN mk MIN.
-
7
4;MIN
5-3/4 M I N
h
1 LOW-VOLTAGE X,
AND X, TERMINALS
$ HIGH-VOLTAGE CONNECTORS x3 XI
8'2
I
AND CABLE ACCESSORY CABLEACCESSORY
PARKING STAND I
23-5- I PARKINGSTAND @,- - LOW-VOLTAGE
2 2 SEE DETAIL A X, TERMINAL
x2
I
2 3 1 42 +
2 -1 20'44
2
FOR 167 kVA
Separable insulated I I I I I
I I min I min I min I min
0.3 and 0.3114.4 13 5 3-114 4-112
15.2 and 15.2126.3 16 6 3-1I4 4-1 12
21.1 and 21 Al36.6 16 6 4 6
21.1 and 21.1136.6 19 5 4 6
(when specified;
see Note 7)
[NOTE 61
INSIDE
TANK SURFACE BOTTOM
DETAIL B FLANGE
CABLE ACCESSORY 3
MIN
PARKING STAND
I$ MAX
3 3 3
q LOW-VOLTAGE X,
AND X, TERMINALS
q HIGH-VOLTAGE CONNECTORS
AND CABLE ACCESSORY
PARKING STAND
(b)
NOTES
1 All dimensions are in inches unless otherwise specified.
2 This minimum opening in the bottom of the compartment is provided for cable entrance.
3 W h e n a loop f e e d is not required, omit one high-voltage connector.
4 The low-voltage is shown for additive polarity transformers. The location of X, and X, is
reversed for subtractive polarity.
5 The location of H,, and H, shall be such that the separable connectors can be oper-
ated with the base still in place.
6 Minimum clear space, excluding area required for H,, and H, required for installing
accessory devices in parking stand.
7 These dimensions are required for certain separable insulated connectors.
Figure 1 (continued)
4
ANSI c57.12.25-1990
y TANK SURFACE
DETAIL A
CABLE ACCESSORY MAX L---18MIN OPENING^ ARBITRARY POINT
PARKING STAND (NOTE 2)
SEE
DETAIL A
POINT
-
Separable Insulated
connector
I I
A B D E
high-voltage rating Figure
kV min min min min
-
8.3 and 8.3114.4 2(a) 13 5 3-1I 4
15.2 and 15.2126.3 2(a) 16 6 5-314 3-1I 4
21.1 and 21.1136.6 2(a) 16 6 5-314 4
21.1 and 21.1136.6 2(b) 19 5 6-314 4
(when specified; see Note 9)
-
Figure 2 - Interchangeability dimensions - Type-2 arrangement
5
ANSI C57.12.25-1990
I +o
I-
2 - -I
16
INSIDE
BOTTOM
FLANGE
53 MIN
-
DETAIL 6
CABLE ACCESSORY I4 MAX L-18 M ~ NOPENING ARBITRARY POINT
(NOTE 2)
PARKING STAND I
SEE
DETAIL B-
ffjq 900
CABLE ACCESS0
PARKING STAND
SEE DETAIL B
POINT
(b)
NOTES
1 All dimensions are in inches unless otherwise specified.
2 This minimum opening in the bottom of the compartment is provided for cable
entrance.
3 When loop feed is not required, omit one high-voltage connector.
4 The low-voltage is shown for additive polarity transformers. The location of XI and
X, is reversed for subtractive polarity.
5 The location of H,, shall be such that the separable connector can be operated
with the base still in place.
6 Radius of the arc through the centerline of the high-voltage connectors H I , and H I ,
with its origin at the arbitrary point.
7 Radius of the arc through the centerline of the cable accessory parking stand,
shown in detail B, with its origin at the arbitrary point, Figure 2(b).
8 Minimum clear space, excluding area required for HI, and HI,, required for install-
ing accessory devices in parking stand.
9 These dimensions are required for certain separable insulated connectors.
Figure 2 (continued)
6
ANSI C57.12.25-1990
d>
m*
-
d I
c?
0
a
d
r
5
CO
Y
7
ANSI C57.12.25-1990
6.1.5 The transformer shall be arranged for 6.2.4 The H, end of the high-voltage winding
rolling in two directions: parallel to and at right shall be securely connected internally to the
angles to one side of the transformer. grounded clamping structure or to the tank.
This connection shall be independent of all
6.1.6 The lifting provisions shall be arranged other electrical connections.
on the tank to provide a distributed balanced 6.2.5 The low-voltage line and neutral termi-
lift in a vertical direction for the completely nals for Type-1 transformers (see Figure 1)
assembled transformer and shall be designed shall be in accordance with Figure 4(a). Low-
to provide a safety factor of 5 . The safety voltage line and neutral terminals for Type-2
factor of 5 is the ratio of the ultimate stress of transformers (see Figure 2) shall be in accor-
the material used to the working stress. The dance with Figures 4(a), 4(b), or 4(c), as
working stress is the maximum combined stress specified.
developed in the lifting provisions by the static
load of the completely assembled transformer. 6.2.6 The low-voltage neutral shall be either a
blade connected directly to the tank or a fully
6.2 Connectors and terminals insulated terminal. If a fully insulated terminal
is used, a ground pad shall be provided on the
6.2.1 The electrical characteristics of the com- outer surface of the tank. One or more remov-
pletely assembled high-voltage connectors able ground straps suitably sized for the short-
shall be as shown in Table 1. The electrical circuit rating of the transformer, as defined in
characteristics and clearance of the completely ANSMEEE C57.12.00-1987, shall be provided
assembled low-voltage terminals shall be as and connected between the low-voltage neu-
follows: tral terminal and the ground pad.
8
ANSI C57.12.25-1990
0.750
-0.025q3\
+ 0.000 k O 0
0.86 1
L-
A L-0.56 ~~:~~
Hex Head Pentahead
0.380
0.226
AS R g T i Q U lRED
L-13 UNC
2
w 0.625 MIN
p 0 . 1 2 5 MIN
K 0.625 MIN
NOTES
1 All dimensions are in inches unless otherwise specified.
2 The captive method is not shown.
9
ANSI C57.12.25-1990
- c -
,=-
FLAT SURFACE
Y- lH
r
A
1 E
7-
B
(419/16 IN
(14.3 mrnl DIA HOLES
A.
L v
1
%ANK SURFACE
? 1
\ Dimensions Inches Millimeters
Q
\TANK SURFACE
Note 1
A 3-1/2 88.9
kVA Thread size Minimum L B 1-314 44.5
,
rating Note 3 Note 3 C 3-318 rnin 85.7 rnin
in mm D 114 rnin 6.4 rnin
E 718 22.2
25-75 0.625-11 UNC-2A 1.25 31.9
F 6-3/4 rnin 171.4 rnin
100-167 1.000-14 UNC 2 s 1.75 44.5
NOTES
1 All dimensions are nominal, except as noted.
G
H
1-3/8 rnin
518
A 35.0 min
10
ANSI C57.12.25-1990
6.2.7 Connector and terminal designations level, by the manufacturer's calculation, and
shall be as defined in ANSI C57.12.70-1978. shall be located so as not to interfere with use
The high-voltage connector and low-voltage of the low-voltage terminals or the operating
terminal designations and locations are shown handle of the low-voltage circuit breaker. The
in Figures 1 and 2. inlet port shall be 1M-inch or larger National
Pipe Thread (NPT) (or National Fine (NF)
The identification of the connector and termi-
thread with gasket), sized for specified mini-
nal connections shall be as shown on the in-
mum flow rate. Exposed parts shall be of
struction nameplate.
weather- and corrosion-resistant materials.
6.3 High-voltage and low-voltage com- Gaskets and O-rings shall withstand oil vapor
partment and 105°C temperature continuous under op-
erating conditions, as described in ANSMEEE
The compartment door or doors shall be of
C57.91-1981 , without seizing or deteriorating
sufficient size to provide adequate operating
for the life of the transformer. The valve shall
and working space when removed or open.
have a pull ring for manually reducing pressure
The doors shall either be equipped for latching
to atmospheric using a standard hook-stick,
in the open position or designed for manual
and shall be capable of withstanding a static
removal.
pull force of 25 pounds (1 1.34 kg) for 1 minute
6.4 Instruction nameplate without permanent deformation. The valve
shall withstand a static force of 100 pounds
6.4.1 The instruction nameplate shall be lo-
(45.36 kg) for 1 minute applied normal to its
cated in the low-voltage portion of the com- longitudinal axis at the outermost extremity of
partment and shall be readable with the cables
the body. When specified, the venting port, on
in place. When the nameplate is mounted on the outward side of the valve head seat, shall
a removable part, the manufacturer's name
be protected to prevent entry of dust, moisture,
and transformer serial number shall be per-
and insects before and after the valve has
manently affixed to a nonremovable part.
actuated; or a weather-cap-type indicator shall
6.4.2 The nameplate shall conform to Name- be provided, which will remain attached to the
plate A, as described in ANSI/IEEE C57.12.00- valve and provide positive indication to an
1987, except the BIL rating shall be as shown observer that the valve has operated. Venting
for 34 500 GrdY/19 920 V units. and sealing characteristics shall be as follows:
6.5 Oil preservation Cracking pressure 10 psig & 2 psig
6.5.1 The transformer shall be of sealed-tank Resealing
construct ion . Sealed- t a nk construct ion is pressure 6 psig, minimum
construction that seals the interior of the tank
Zero leakage
from the atmosphere and in which the gas
from resealing
volume plus the oil volume remains constant.
pressure To -8 psig
The transformer shall remain effectively sealed
for a top-oil temperature range of -5°C to Flow at 15 psig 35 SCFM minimum
+105"C continuous and under operating con- (where SCFM is
ditions as described in ANSVIEEE C57.91- flow at cubic feet
1981. per minute, corrected
for air pressure of
6.5.2 A replaceable valve shall be provided to 14.7 psi and air
relieve pressure in excess of pressure result- temperature of 21 .lo C)
ing from normal operation, which builds up
slowly due to overloads, high ambient tem-
6.6 Tanks
peratures, external secondary faults, and in-
ternal incipient faults in the low-voltage wind- 6.6.1 The tank shall be of sufficient strength to
ing, with emission of only a negligible amount withstand a pressure of 7 psig without perma-
of oil. The valve shall be furnished in the low- nent distortion: and 15 psig without rupturing
voltage portion of the terminating compart- or affecting cabinet security, as described in
ment on the tank wall above the 140°C top oil ANSI C57.12.28-1988. A 1/2-inch minimum
11
ANSI C57.12.25-1990
NPT upper plug (or cap) for filling and pressure 7 Storage and installation
testing shall be provided in the terminating
compartment. A 1/2-inch minimum NPT drain
plug (or cap) shall be provided in the terrninat- 7.1 Storage
ing compartment. Suitable means for indicating The transformer shall be stored in a vertical
the correct liquid level at 25°C shall be pro- position and shall remain essentially in that
vided. position at all times, including when it is trans-
6.6.2 The cover shall be welded or bolted in ported to the site and during its installation.
place with adequate gasketing.
6.6.3 Where a bolted-on cover of any kind is 7.2 installation
used, the construction shall conform to 6.1. Equipment manufactured to this specification
6.6.4 Tank ground provisions shall consist of may be installed in areas where environmental
two steel pads, each with a 1/2-13 UNC tapped and climatic conditions make operation at
hole, 7/16-inch deep. These ground pads shall varying angles of tilt from the horizontal an
be welded on or near the transformer base, important consideration. Under these circum-
one in the high-voltage portion of the com- stances, the user may wish to make a particu-
partment and one in the low-voltage portion of lar “angle of tilt” part of their specification.
the compartment, as shown in Figures 1 and 2.
In cases in which the transformer tank and
compartment are separate, they shall be 8 Other requirements that may be
electrically bonded. specified for some applications
6.7 Components for looped primary cable Certain specific applications call for transformer
systems requirements not covered in Sections 3 through
The minimum current-carrying capabilities of 7 . They shall be met only when specified in
components for looped primary cable systems conjunction with the requirements of Sections
shall be 200 amperes (continuous) and 10 000 3 through 7. These specific requirements may
amperes root mean square (rms) symmetrical change the dimensions in Figures 1 and 2.
for 0.17 seconds (short-time current rating) for They are not included in this standard in order
transformers with or without high-voltage to avoid the implication of greater or lesser
switching. availability by listing some and omitting others.
12