Vol 3B.2 General Spec AD-C-01 - PART 3-CHAPTER-26

STANDARD CONSTRUCTION
SPECIFICATIONS
STANDARD CONSTRUCTION
SPECIFICATIONS
PART 3
ROAD STRUCTURES
Document Number: AD-C-01

First Edition • 2014
STANDARD CONSTRUCTION SPECIFICATIONS
PART 3
ROAD STRUCTURES
DOCUMENT NO: AD-C-01

Document No: AD-C-01
First Edition
2014
Department of Transport
PO Box 20
Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
© Copyright 2014, by the Department of Transport. All Rights Reserved. These specifications, or parts
thereof, may not be reproduced in any form without written permission of the publisher.
Document Development Consultant: Parsons International Limited

Project Management Consultant: Aurecon
Table of Contents
PART 3
ROAD STRUCTURES
TABLE OF CONTENTS
16 Introduction
17 Drilled Piles
18 Driven Piles
19 Ground Anchors
20 Earth Retaining Systems
21 Concrete Structures
22 Prestressing Systems
23 Steel Structures
24 Painting
25 Bearing Devices
26 Bridge Deck Joint Systems
27 Railings
28 Waterproofing
29 Miscellaneous Items for Structures
30 Miscellaneous Metals
31 Metal Culverts
32 Precast Concrete Culverts
33 Bridge Access Systems
34 Road Tunnels
35 Bridge and Underpass Load Testing
STANDARD CONSTRUCTION SPECIFICATIONS
PART 3
ROAD STRUCTURES
CHAPTER 26 - BRIDGE DECK JOINT SYSTEMS
DOCUMENT NO: AD-C-01

Chapter 26: Bridge Deck Joint Systems

Table of Contents
Table of Contents ........................................................................................................................................................... 26-1
List of Tables ................................................................................................................................................................. 26-3
26 Bridge Deck Joint Systems ............................................................................................................................... 26-5
26.1 General Description...................................................................................................................................... 26-5
26.1.1 Compression Seal Expansion Joints .................................................................................................... 26-5
26.1.2 Other Type of Expansion and Fixed Joints .......................................................................................... 26-5
26.1.2.1 Strip Seal Type Expansion Joints ............................................................................................... 26-5
26.1.2.2 Finger Type Expansion Joints ..................................................................................................... 26-5
26.1.2.3 Elastomeric Expansion Joints ..................................................................................................... 26-5
26.1.2.4 Modular Bridge Joint Systems (MBJS) ...................................................................................... 26-5
26.1.2.5 Fixed Joint Seal........................................................................................................................... 26-6
26.1.3 Asphaltic Plug Joint (APJ) .................................................................................................................. 26-6
26.1.4 Poured Joint Seals................................................................................................................................ 26-6
26.1.5 Dimensions and Movement Ratings .................................................................................................... 26-6
26.1.6 Water-tightness .................................................................................................................................... 26-6
26.1.7 Strength ............................................................................................................................................... 26-6
26.1.8 Proposed Subcontractor ....................................................................................................................... 26-6
26.1.9 Materials Compliance .......................................................................................................................... 26-7
26.2 Reference Standards and Codes ................................................................................................................... 26-7
26.3 Submittals for Bridge Deck Joint Systems ................................................................................................... 26-9
26.3.1 Working Drawing Submissions ......................................................................................................... 26-10
26.3.2 Submittals for Joint Sealing Systems ................................................................................................ 26-10
26.3.3 Submittals for Strip Seal Type Expansion Joints............................................................................... 26-11
26.3.4 Submittals for Finger Type Expansion Joints .................................................................................... 26-11
26.3.5 Submittals for Elastomeric Expansion Joints .................................................................................... 26-11
26.3.6 Submittals for Modular Bridge Joint System .................................................................................... 26-11
26.3.7 Submittals for Fixed Joint Seals ........................................................................................................ 26-12
26.3.8 Submittals for Asphaltic Plug Type Joint .......................................................................................... 26-12
26.4 Materials for Bridge Deck Joint Systems ................................................................................................... 26-13
26.4.1 Compression Seal Expansion Joints .................................................................................................. 26-13
26.4.2 Preformed Elastomeric Neoprene Profile Seal Expansion Joints ...................................................... 26-13
26.4.3 Low-density, Closed Cell, Cross-Linked, Nitrogen-blown Seal Expansion Joints ........................... 26-13
26.4.4 Strip Seal Type Expansion Joints ...................................................................................................... 26-14
26.4.5 Finger Type Expansion Joints ........................................................................................................... 26-15
26.4.6 Elastomeric Expansion Joints ............................................................................................................ 26-16
26.4.7 Modular Bridge Joint Systems .......................................................................................................... 26-18
26.4.8 Fixed Joint Seal ................................................................................................................................. 26-19
26.4.9 Asphaltic Plug Joint (APJ) ................................................................................................................ 26-19
26.4.10 Header Materials ............................................................................................................................... 26-19
26.4.10.1 Elastomeric Concrete ................................................................................................................ 26-19
26.4.10.2 Epoxy Concrete ........................................................................................................................ 26-23
26.5 Manufacturing and Fabrication of Bridge Deck Joint Systems .................................................................. 26-24
26.5.1 Manufacturing Joint Sealing Systems ............................................................................................... 26-24
26.5.2 Manufacturing Strip Seal Type Expansion Joints.............................................................................. 26-24
26.5.3 Manufacturing Finger Type Expansion Joints ................................................................................... 26-24
26.5.4 Manufacturing Elastomeric Expansion Joints ................................................................................... 26-24
26.5.5 Manufacturing Modular Bridge Joint Systems .................................................................................. 26-24
26.5.5.1 Edgebeam Profile and Anchorage ............................................................................................ 26-25
26.5.5.2 Centerbeam and Support Bar .................................................................................................... 26-25
26.5.5.3 Seals .......................................................................................................................................... 26-25
26.5.5.4 Support Boxes ........................................................................................................................... 26-25
26.5.5.5 PTFE Sliding Surface ............................................................................................................... 26-25
26.5.5.6 Stainless Steel Sliding Surfaces ................................................................................................ 26-25
26.5.5.7 Corrosion Protection ................................................................................................................. 26-26
26.5.6 Manufacturing Fixed Joint Seal ......................................................................................................... 26-26
26.5.7 Manufacturing Asphaltic Plug Type Joint ......................................................................................... 26-26
26.6 Construction of Bridge Deck Joint Systems ............................................................................................... 26-26
26.6.1 Construction of Compression Seal Expansion Joints ........................................................................ 26-26
Page 26-1
26.6.2 Construction of Preformed Elastomeric Neoprene Profile Seal Expansion Joints ............................ 26-27
26.6.2.1 Preparing Surfaces .................................................................................................................... 26-27
26.6.2.2 Preparing Headers ..................................................................................................................... 26-27
26.6.2.3 Preparing to Seal Joints............................................................................................................. 26-27
26.6.2.4 Installing Expansion Joint Seal Assembly ................................................................................ 26-27
26.6.2.5 Blockouts .................................................................................................................................. 26-27
26.6.2.6 Weather Limitations ................................................................................................................. 26-27
26.6.2.7 General Safety, Handling, Mixing, Finishing, and Curing ....................................................... 26-27
26.6.2.8 Mixing and Placing Elastomeric Concrete Material ................................................................. 26-28
26.6.2.9 Preformed Elastomeric Neoprene Profile Joint Seal Application ............................................. 26-28
26.6.2.10 Acceptance of Joint Seal Assemblies........................................................................................ 26-28
26.6.2.11 Correction of Defects in Joint Seal Assemblies ........................................................................ 26-28
26.6.3 Construction of Low-density, Closed Cell, Cross-linked, Nitrogen-blown Seal Expansion Joints ... 26-29
26.6.3.1 Low-density, Closed-cell, Cross-linked, Nitrogen-blown Seal Application ............................. 26-29
26.6.4 Construction of Strip Seal Expansion Joints...................................................................................... 26-29
26.6.5 Construction of Finger Type Expansion Joint ................................................................................... 26-30
26.6.6 Construction of Elastomeric Expansion Joints .................................................................................. 26-30
26.6.7 Construction of Modular Bridge Joint Systems ................................................................................. 26-31
26.6.7.1 Shipping and Handling Modular Bridge Joint Systems ............................................................ 26-31
26.6.7.2 Pre-installation Inspection for Modular Bridge Joint Systems ................................................. 26-31
26.6.7.3 Installation of Modular Bridge Joint Systems ........................................................................... 26-31
26.6.8 Construction of Fixed Joint Seal ....................................................................................................... 26-32
26.6.9 Construction of Asphaltic Plug Joint ................................................................................................. 26-33
26.7 Warranty and Maintenance for Bridge Deck Joint Systems ....................................................................... 26-33
26.8 Documentation for Bridge Deck Joint Systems ......................................................................................... 26-33
Index ........................................................................................................................................................................ 26-35
Page 26-2
List of Tables
Table 26-1: Designations and titles for AASHTO and ASTM standards that apply to bridge deck joint systems ........ 26-7
Table 26-2: Physical properties for low-density, closed cell, cross-linked, ethylene vinyl acetate, polyethylene
copolymer, nitrogen-blown seal ............................................................................................................ 26-14
Table 26-3: Physical properties for the adhesive used with the low-density, closed cell, cross-linked, ethylene vinyl
acetate, polyethylene copolymer, nitrogen-blown seals ........................................................................... 26-14
Table 26-4: Physical properties of the strip seal gland ................................................................................................ 26-15
Table 26-5: Physical properties of the neoprene for elastomeric expansion joints ...................................................... 26-16
Table 26-6: Physical properties of black two component flexible epoxy sealant ........................................................ 26-17
Table 26-7: Physical properties of grey two component flexible epoxy ...................................................................... 26-17
Table 26-8: Physical properties for elastomeric concrete cured binder material (without filler)................................. 26-20
Table 26-9: Physical requirements for elastomeric concrete binder material (with filler) ........................................... 26-20
Table 26-10: Physical properties of epoxy concrete material ...................................................................................... 26-23
Table 26-11: Gradation requirement for aggregate used in epoxy concrete ................................................................ 26-23
Table 26-12: Cure time for epoxy mortar .................................................................................................................... 26-28
Page 26-3
Page 26-4
26 BRIDGE DECK JOINT SYSTEMS

This chapter outlines standards and requirements for furnishing and installing bridge deck joint systems for the Project.
Such systems shall be furnished as specified in the Contract documents at the locations shown on the Contract plans
where significant movements are expected across the joint or at fixed joints. The furnishing and installing or
application of all necessary hardware including structural steel angles, anchor bolts and studs, sealants, adhesives,
epoxies, and other accessories are included in this work.
26.1 General Description

26.1.1 Compression Seal Expansion Joints
This chapter applies to compression seal expansion joints consisting of preformed elastomeric material that is
compressed and installed in specially prepared joints and joint seal assemblies consisting of assemblies of metal and
elastomeric materials that are installed in recesses in deck surfaces. Compression seals shall be compression stressed
during all movement phases for a joint. They maintain water tightness and seal the joint by maintaining sidewall
pressure on the joint interface (joint armouring). Other type of bridge deck joint sealing systems include the preformed
elastomeric neoprene profile seal, and the low-density, closed cell, cross-linked, ethylene vinyl acetate, polyethylene
copolymer, nitrogen-blown seal.
26.1.2 Other Type of Expansion and Fixed Joints

This chapter also applies to furnishing and constructing other type of expansion and fixed joints for concrete bridge
decks consisting of strip seal type expansion joints, finger type expansion joints, elastomeric expansion joints, modular
bridge joint systems, and fixed joint seals of the quality, types, and sizes designated in the Contract plans or as directed
by the Engineer and shall comply with these specifications.
26.1.2.1 Strip Seal Type Expansion Joints

Strip seal type expansion joints shall consist of two extruded steel channels that extend across the full width of the
bridge roadway and support neoprene seal inserts. The gland that folds below the deck’s surface shall enable strip seals
to move.
26.1.2.2 Finger Type Expansion Joints

The finger type expansion joints shall consist of steel finger plates which cantilever between the ends of the expansion
opening to provide for the expansion and contraction of the superstructure due to temperature variations and subsequent
shrinkage and creep movements after the joint has been installed. The steel finger plates cantilevering between the joint
gap shall be of sufficient capacity to carry the wheel loads as indicated on the Contract plans across the joint.
26.1.2.3 Elastomeric Expansion Joints

The elastomeric expansion joints shall be integrally molded units of neoprene and bonded steel. The elastomeric joint
shall comply with the details indicated on the Contract plans shall meet the material requirements as specified herein.
26.1.2.4 Modular Bridge Joint Systems (MBJS)

Modular bridge joint systems (MBJS) are sealed joints with two or more elastomeric seals held in place by edgebeams
that are anchored to the structural elements (deck, abutment, etc.) and one or more transverse centerbeams that are
parallel to the edgebeams. The MBJS shall accommodate large movement ranges, and shall use one or more transverse
centerbeams to separate two or more seals. The MBJS must structurally support the wheel-loads across the gap between
bridge elements, and shall continue into the traffic barriers with an upturn angle as shown on the Contract plans.
The Multiple-support-bar (MSB) MBJS shall have the centerbeams rigidly connected to the support bars, and each
support bar shall support only one centerbeam. The MSB system shall have a support box to hold as many support bars
as there are centerbeams.
The single-support-bar (SSB) MBJS shall have transverse centerbeams that are attached to only one support bar at each
support box location using steel yokes and elastomeric springs and bearings. In the special type “swivel-joist system”,
the support bar swivels as well as slides in the support boxes.
Page 26-5
In MBJS that use a support bar that slides on bearings, the support bar shall have a thin stainless steel cover plates
joined to the top and bottom of the support bar to provide smooth sliding surfaces. The support bars shall slide between
elastomeric bearings and springs that are fixed in the support boxes by a round boss or protrusion that fits into a hole in
the steel plate of the support box. The bearings and springs shall have low-friction polytetrafluorethylene (PTFE) pads
bonded to the sliding surface of the spring or bearing.
The elastomeric bearings and springs shall be both precompressed and located atop and below the support bar, with the
bearing on the bottom and the spring on top. The springs shall exert compression to keep the bearing in place. The
vertical component of each wheel-load applied to the centerbeam and transmitted through the support bar compresses
the bearings and reacts against the support box and the deck. There is a significant upward rebound of each wheel-load
cycle that compresses the springs and reacts on the top plate of the support box, imposing an upward load on the deck.
The wheel-load may also impart a horizontal force to the centerbeam and an associated rebound. The horizontal load is
transmitted through the centerbeam, into the support bar, and into the springs and bearings through friction. Ultimately,
the horizontal force is resisted by the small bosses in the springs and bearings into the support box and deck. These
small bosses are subjected to millions of cycles of this reversible shearing action. Shear failure of the bosses leads to
systemic failure of the MBJS. The movements of bridge elements provide the necessary forces to open and close the
MBJS. The MBJS shall be provided by an equidistant device to maintain an approximately equal gap between
centerbeams and between centerbeam and edgebeam. The equidistant device shall be comprised of a series of horizontal
elastomeric springs (control springs).
26.1.2.5 Fixed Joint Seal

The joint sealer shall be of a neoprene, preformed or extruded type, of essentially the size and shape indicated on the
Contract plans.
26.1.3 Asphaltic Plug Joint (APJ)

Field molded asphaltic plug joints (APJs) used in expansion joint sealing on asphalt concrete overlay and portland
cement concrete decks shall consist of multilayer, or single layer, or both, application systems depending upon
individual manufacturing requirements. The asphaltic binder to be used shall be thermoplastic polymeric-modified
asphalt. APJs shall not be used for movement applications exceeding ± 25 mm from the installation width.
26.1.4 Poured Joint Seals

Joint seals that the Contract documents specify to be poured joint seals shall conform to the specifications for expansion
and contraction joints outlined in Article 21.9.1.4 of Chapter 21, Concrete Structures.
26.1.5 Dimensions and Movement Ratings

At each designated location, types, dimensions, and movement ratings for bridge deck joint systems shall comply with
the Contract documents or directions from the Engineer.
26.1.6 Water-tightness
All bridge deck joint systems shall prevent the intrusion of material and water through the joint system. Water-tightness
shall be ensured across the full width of the bridge deck, from barrier to barrier and across raised walkways and
medians if exist.
26.1.7 Strength
The bridge deck joint system shall have sufficient strength in all positions to support the Abu Dhabi Vehicular Load
(ADVL) and corresponding impact in accordance to Abu Dhabi Road Structures Design Manual (AD-D-06). The
Contractor shall also ensure that the system can accommodate all movements indicated in the Contract plans.
26.1.8 Proposed Subcontractor

Before a subcontract is awarded for the expansion joints, the Contractor shall submit to the Engineer for approval the
prequalification documents of the organization proposed for the installation of the expansion joints in accordance with
these standard specifications. The proposed subcontractor shall submit evidence that he has at least five years of
experience in the Gulf Region of successful installation and operation of bridge deck joints comparable to the propriety
expansion joints work specified in these standard specifications. The subcontractor shall verify his experience by citing
at least five projects, comparable to the Project, which have been successfully accomplished. The joint manufacturer
Page 26-6
shall be ISO 9001:2000 certified with at least 30 years of experience in designing and fabricating expansion joint
systems.
26.1.9 Materials Compliance

No shipment of materials will be accepted by the Engineer for use in the Project unless the materials comply with the
requirements of these standard specifications. The materials shall not be used or installed until the Contractor has been
notified by the Engineer that they meet the requirements of these standard specifications.
26.2 Reference Standards and Codes

Standards and codes shall be as specified in these specifications, in the Contract documents, if any, and the following, in
their latest edition:
AASHTO LRFD American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials - load and resistance factor
design, Bridge Construction Specifications;
AASHTO LRFD American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials - load and resistance factor
design, Bridge Design Specifications;
AASHTO Standard Specifications for Transportation Materials and Methods of Sampling and Testing;
AD-D-06 Abu Dhabi Road Structures Design Manual;
AISC American Institute of Steel Construction;
AISC 204-08 AISC Certification Program for Bridge and Highway Metal Component Manufacturers;
ANSI American National Standards Institute;
ANSI B18.2.1-1981Square and Hex Bolts and Screws;
ANSI/AWS D1.1/ Structural Welding Code-Steel;
D1.1M:2010
ASNT American Society for Nondestructive Testing;
ASTM American Society for Testing and Materials;
AWS American Welding Society;
AWS QC1:2007 Standard for AWS Certification of Welding Inspectors;
ISO International Organization for Standardization;
ISO 9001:2000 Quality management systems – Requirements.
The Contractor shall manufacture and test bridge deck joint systems in accordance with these specifications and in
compliance with AASHTO/ASTM standards. Where joint systems are manufactured and tested by standards other than
AASHTO/ASTM, products conforming to equivalent or higher standards will be acceptable if proven to be suitable.
Table 26-1 below presents American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO) and
American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) Standards that are related to bridge deck joint system materials. It
also includes designations and titles.
Table 26-1: Designations and titles for AASHTO and ASTM standards that apply to bridge deck joint systems
AASHTO ASTM
Title
Designation Designation
Standard Specification for Adhesive Lubricant for Installation of
ASTM D4070 - 08 Preformed Elastomeric Bridge Compression Seals in Concrete
Structures
AASHTO M 220- ASTM D2628 - Standard Specification for Preformed Polychloroprene Elastomeric
84 (2012) 91(2011) Joint Seals for Concrete Pavements
Standard Test Methods for Flexible Cellular Materials Made From
ASTM D3575 - 08
Olefin Polymers
Page 26-7
AASHTO ASTM
Title
ASTM D624 - Standard Test Method for Tear Strength of Conventional Vulcanized
00(2012) Rubber and Thermoplastic Elastomers
ASTM C881 / Standard Specification for Epoxy-Resin-Base Bonding Systems for
C881M - 10 Concrete
Standard Specification for Chromium and Chromium-Nickel Stainless
ASTM A240 /
Steel Plate, Sheet, and Strip for Pressure Vessels and for General
A240M - 12
Applications
ASTM A123 / Standard Specification for Zinc (Hot-Dip Galvanized) Coatings on Iron
A123M - 12 and Steel Products
ASTM D412 - Standard Test Methods for Vulcanized Rubber and Thermoplastic
06ae2 Elastomers—Tension
ASTM D695 - 10 Standard Test Method for Compressive Properties of Rigid Plastics
ASTM D570 -
Standard Test Method for Water Absorption of Plastics
98(2010)e1
ASTM C882 / Standard Test Method for Bond Strength of Epoxy-Resin Systems Used
C882M - 12 With Concrete By Slant Shear
ASTM D395 -
Standard Test Methods for Rubber Property—Compression Set
03(2008)
ASTM D471 - 12 Standard Test Method for Rubber Property—Effect of Liquids
ASTM D573 -
Standard Test Method for Rubber—Deterioration in an Air Oven
04(2010)
ASTM D1149 - Standard Test Methods for Rubber Deterioration—Cracking in an
07(2012) Ozone Controlled Environment
ASTM D2240 -
Standard Test Method for Rubber Property—Durometer Hardness
05(2010)
ASTM D638 - 10 Standard Test Method for Tensile Properties of Plastics
ASTM D1299- Test Method for Shrinkage of Molded and Laminated Thermosetting
55(1979)E01 Plastics at Elevated Temperature (Withdrawn 1992)
AASHTO M 297- Standard Specification for Preformed Polychloroprene Elastomeric
ASTM D3542 - 08
10 Joint Seals for Bridges
ASTM D5973 - Standard Specification for Elastomeric Strip Seals with Steel Locking
97(2007) Edge Rails Used in Expansion Joint Sealing
Standard Test Methods for Flexible Cellular Materials—Slab, Bonded,
ASTM D3574 - 11
and Molded Urethane Foams
ASTM C39 / C39M Standard Test Method for Compressive Strength of Cylindrical
- 12 Concrete Specimens
ASTM C884 / Standard Test Method for Thermal Compatibility Between Concrete and
C884M - 98(2010) an Epoxy-Resin Overlay
AASHTO T 42- Standard Test Methods for Preformed Expansion Joint Fillers for
ASTM D545 - 08
10 Concrete Construction (Nonextruding and Resilient Types)
AASHTO T 27- Standard Method of Test for Sieve Analysis of Fine and Coarse
ASTM C136 - 06
11 Aggregates
Standard Specification for Carbon Steel Bolts and Studs, 60 000 PSI
ASTM A307-10
Tensile Strength
Page 26-8
AASHTO ASTM
Title
Standard Specification for High-Strength Low-Alloy Structural Steel, up
ASTM A588 /
to 50 ksi [345 MPa] Minimum Yield Point, with Atmospheric Corrosion
A588M - 10
Resistance
Standard Test Method for Brittleness Temperature of Plastics and
ASTM D746 - 07
Elastomers by Impact
Standard Specification for Steel, Sheet and Strip, Hot-Rolled, Carbon,
ASTM A1011 /
Structural, High-Strength Low-Alloy, High-Strength Low-Alloy with
A1011M - 12b
Improved Formability, and Ultra-High Strength
ASTM A36 / A36M
Standard Specification for Carbon Structural Steel
- 08
ASTM A153 / Standard Specification for Zinc Coating (Hot-Dip) on Iron and Steel
A153M - 09 Hardware
ASTM D6297 - 13 Standard Specification for Asphaltic Plug Joints for Bridges
Standard Test Methods for Sealants and Fillers, Hot-Applied, for Joints
ASTM D5329 - 09
and Cracks in Asphaltic and Portland Cement Concrete Pavements
ASTM D36 / D36M Standard Test Method for Softening Point of Bitumen (Ring-and-Ball
- 12 Apparatus)
ASTM D113 - 07 Standard Test Method for Ductility of Bituminous Materials
Standard Specification for Joint and Crack Sealants, Hot Applied, for
ASTM D6690 - 12
Concrete and Asphalt Pavements
Standard Practice for Melting of Hot-Applied Joint and Crack Sealant
ASTM D5167 - 13
and Filler for Evaluation
Standard Specification for Backer Material for Use with Cold- and Hot-
ASTM D5249 - 10
Applied Joint Sealants in Portland-Cement Concrete and Asphalt Joints
ASTM D5 / D5M -
Standard Test Method for Penetration of Bituminous Materials
13
ASTM D217 - 10 Standard Test Methods for Cone Penetration of Lubricating Grease
AASHTO T
132:1987 Method of Test for Tensile Strength of Hydraulic Cement Mortars
(R2013)
AASHTO M 85- ASTM C150 /
Standard Specification for Portland Cement
12 C150M - 12
ASTM C190-85 Method of Test for Tensile Strength of Hydraulic Cement Mortars
26.3 Submittals for Bridge Deck Joint Systems

The Contractor shall submit complete shop drawings of all expansion and fixed joints. The Engineer may request the
Contractor to furnish whatever samples may be required to perform the tests specified to qualify the material.
Acceptance of the joint system to be used in the Project shall be subject to written approval of the Engineer. The shop
drawings shall include a movement chart showing the total anticipated movement of the structure and the required
setting width of the joint assembly at various temperatures. All movements due to shrinkage, creep, mid-slab deflection,
and similar data, shall not be incorporated into this chart but shall be considered by the Contractor and approved by the
Engineer prior to final installation and adjustment.
Submittals for bridge deck expansion and fixed joints used on the Project shall comply with the specifications outlined
in this section.
Page 26-9
26.3.1 Working Drawing Submissions

If the Contract documents do not include details that show joint settings that are required for their installation, the
Contractor shall submit calculations to the Engineer for approval before installing joints in any bridge deck. The
Contractor shall submit working drawings to the Engineer that cover the installation procedure and joint assembly for
bridge decks using proprietary joint systems. The Contractor shall submit shop drawings for the Engineer’s approval for
all joints.
The Contractor shall not perform any work on a deck joint system before receiving approval for working drawings from
the Engineer. Such approval shall not relieve the Contractor of any responsibility under the Contract documents for
successful completion of the work.
The Contractor shall assume responsibility for conforming to these specifications and the Contract plans, and shall
include the following items in the submission to the Engineer:
• The Manufacturer’s brochure on the proposed joint, showing physical dimensions for components, installation
procedures, material certifications, and a table of variable temperatures and dimensions.
• Presetting details.
• Drawings that detail the joint’s installation and indicate the lengths of component members, treatment of
directional changes, and shop splices for steel locking rails.
• Expansion joint fabricator documentation.
The Contractor shall ensure that the expansion joint fabricator have American Institute of Steel Construction (AISC)
certification, as defined in their AISC 204-08, AISC Certification Program for Bridge and Highway Metal Component
Manufacturers, or equivalent. The Contractor shall supply documentation with the shop drawings.
26.3.2 Submittals for Joint Sealing Systems

This article shall apply to following joint sealing systems:
1. Compression seal expansion joints
2. Preformed elastomeric neoprene profile seal expansion joints
3. Low-density, closed cell, cross-linked, nitrogen-blown seal expansion joints
As with all bridge deck joint designs, a critical factor is accurately predicting the anticipated movement. If a
compression seal is too big for an opening, it will bulge above a deck’s surface and become exposed to traffic, which
can cause premature wear. If a compression seal is too small for an opening, it will lose compression and fall out.
The Contractor shall provide the Manufacturer of the joint sealing system with a working drawing for each installation.
Such drawings shall include all of the following information:
a. Identification and orientation of each joint
b. Length of each joint, including a turn up of at least 150 mm at both barrier faces
c. Total projected movement range of each joint
If the Project involves the installation of bridge deck joints across the bridge’s full width, working drawings shall
indicate the use of a full-length seal. If traffic conditions require joint seal installation in stages, working drawings shall
indicate splice points.
If existing edge beams are to remain as joint headers, the Contractor shall also give the Manufacturer of the seal the
following information:
• Joint width measurements taken at 600 mm intervals along the full length of the joint, plus a measurement of
the joint width of each barrier in the area of the turn ups
• Ambient temperature, taken at the same times as the width measurements
The Manufacturer of the joint sealing system shall use this information to determine required quantities of materials and
each joint’s profile size. The Manufacturer shall enter this data on working drawings, verify that the data is accurate,
and submit a copy to the Engineer for review. Drawings from the Contractor shall indicate such verification. The
Engineer’s approval is required before the Contractor installs a joint seal. Such approval shall not relieve the Contractor
of any responsibility for conforming to specifications and plans.
Page 26-10
26.3.3 Submittals for Strip Seal Type Expansion Joints

The strip seal joint Manufacturer shall be prequalified with a five year proven history of successful product manufacture
and have AISC certification, as defined in their AISC 204-08, or equivalent.
Before fabricating any joints, the Contractor shall submit shop drawings and expansion joint details and requirements to
the Engineer for review and approval. Shop drawings shall meet all requirements outlined in this chapter. Before final
acceptance of an expansion joint, the Contractor shall submit the Manufacturer certifications that verify that the entire
expansion joint assembly and all its accessories meet the requirements of the Contract plans, specifications, and
approved shop drawings.
The Contractor shall provide shop drawings for any proposed joint installation. The Engineer must approve all shop
drawings, which must indicate such approval, before installation of a joint. The Engineer shall review the Contractor's
working drawings to ensure that the Contractor properly interprets the Contract plans. The Owner shall assume no
responsibility for the accuracy of the drawings. The Owner approval for the Contractor’s drawings shall not relieve the
Contractor of any responsibility for conformity to specifications and Contract plans.
Shop drawings that the Contractor submits for review and approval by the Engineer shall specifically include the
following items:
a. The Manufacturer’s brochures related to the proposed joint. Such brochures shall include all physical
dimensions for components, installation procedures, material certifications, and a table of variable
temperatures and dimensions.
b. Drawings that detail installation of the joint. Such drawings shall indicate lengths of component members,
treatments for any directional changes, shop splices for steel channels (gland components shall not be spliced
in the field), and the fabrication of metal components at barriers, curbs, and parapets.
As with compression seal designs, movement ratings must be correctly anticipated. Openings, as measured along the
centreline of the bridge, should not exceed the preferred maximum of 100 mm. This limitation improves the ride,
reduces live load impact, and reduces danger to motorcyclists and bicyclists. For sealing element installations, the
Owner prefers joint opening dimensions of 50 mm.
The Engineer may require the Contractor to furnish whatever samples are needed to perform specified materials
qualification tests. The Engineer shall provide written acceptance of any joint to be used in the Project work.
Joint movements and construction material temperatures are vital to designing expansion joints. The joint’s complete
expansion-contraction cycle must be known before selecting the proper system and Manufacturer.
26.3.4 Submittals for Finger Type Expansion Joints

The Contractor shall submit to the Engineer shop drawings prepared by the joint manufacturer showing the finger size
and spacing and configuration of the assembly which shall satisfy the skew alignment and expansion requirements for
each joint as indicated on the Contract plans. Special considerations shall be taken in providing the proper precautions
to ensure the water-tightness of this type of joints.
26.3.5 Submittals for Elastomeric Expansion Joints

The Contractor shall submit a certification by the Manufacturer, stating that the joint and the accessory items meet the
requirements of these standard specifications. The Engineer will request the Contractor to furnish whatever samples
may be required to perform the tests specified to qualify the material. Acceptance of the elastomeric expansion joint to
be used in the Project shall be subject to written approval of the Engineer. Special considerations shall be taken in
providing the proper precautions to ensure the water-tightness of this type of joints.
26.3.6 Submittals for Modular Bridge Joint System

The Contractor shall submit details of any modular bridge joint system (MBJS) to the Engineer for approval before the
Contractor fabricates an MBJS. With these details, the Contractor shall also submit installation and waterproofing shop
drawings. At a minimum, shop drawings shall include the following details:
a. Plan and section views of the MBJS for each movement rating and roadway width, showing dimensions and
tolerances
b. All welded centerbeam (support) bar joints, with all shop and field splices, only full strength welds meeting the
strict requirements of fatigue shall be acceptable
c. Complete details of all components and sections, with all material incorporated into the MBJS
Page 26-11
d. All ASTM, AASHTO, or other material designations

e. A corrosion protection system for the MJS
f. Lifting locations and lifting mechanisms (as parts of an integral installation plan)
g. Temperature adjustment devices and opening dimensions relative to temperature
The Contractor shall also submit the following test reports and certificates to the Engineer for review and approval:
1. The Manufacturer’s certificate of compliance with the AISC’s quality certification program for simple steel
bridges.
2. Certification that welding inspection personnel are qualified and certified as welding inspectors in accordance
with the American Welding Society’s Standard for Certification of Welding Inspectors (AWS QC1).
3. Documentation that any personnel performing nondestructive evaluation (NDE) are certified by the American
Society for Nondestructive Testing (ASNT).
4. The Manufacturer’s certificate of compliance for polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) sheeting and fabric.
5. Certification that the MBJS passed prequalification tests (as outlined in Section 26.4.7).
6. Certification that bearings, springs, and equidistant devices are the same formulation, Manufacturer, and
configuration as those used in prequalification tests, as required in Section 26.4.7. Each certification shall
provide the name and address of the Manufacturer of the springs, bearings, and equidistant devices.
7. Design calculations sealed by a registered professional engineer. The design calculations shall include a fatigue
design and a load factor design for all structural elements, connections, and splices.
8. Plan for replacement of parts that are subject to wear, as allowed for in the design.
9. A written maintenance and part replacement plan prepared by the joint’s Manufacturer. This plan shall include
a list of parts and instructions for maintenance inspection, acceptable wear tolerances, methods for determining
wear, and procedures for replacing worn parts.
10. Method of installation that, at a minimum, includes a sequence, installation gap settings for various
temperatures, support methods during placement of the concrete, and details for installation at curbs.
11. Recommendations for storage of the MBJS.
12. Details for temporary support when shipping and handling the joint.
13. Welding procedure specifications.
14. Any required changes to the blockout reinforcement to accommodate the MBJS.
15. Temporary bridging plan for any MBJS for which construction traffic is anticipated after installation.
26.3.7 Submittals for Fixed Joint Seals

The Contractor shall submit a certification by the Manufacturer, stating that the joint and the accessory items meet the
requirements of these standard specifications. The Engineer will request the Contractor to furnish whatever samples
may be required to perform the tests specified to qualify the material. Acceptance of the fixed joint seal to be used in the
Project shall be subject to written approval of the Engineer.
26.3.8 Submittals for Asphaltic Plug Type Joint

The Contractor shall submit details of previous projects within the U.A.E. These should demonstrate the suitability of
the system and materials proposed, in particular, for heavy traffic and high temperature.
The supplier shall provide the Engineer with the following information, in a printed form, for each APJ system:
1. Description or proprietary name of joint
2. Horizontal movement capacity
3. Vertical movement capacity
4. Composition – aggregate, binder, bridging plate, caulking, and flashing.
Page 26-12
26.4 Materials for Bridge Deck Joint Systems

Unless the Contract documents specify otherwise, the Contractor shall use one of the following systems of expansion
joints as approved by the Engineer:
1. Compression seal expansion joints
2. Preformed elastomeric neoprene profile seal expansion joints
3. Low-density, closed cell, cross-linked, nitrogen-blown seal expansion joints
4. Strip seal type expansion joints
5. Finger type expansion joints
6. Elastomeric expansion Joints
7. Modular bridge joint system
Materials for bridge deck joint systems shall meet the requirements outlined in this section.
26.4.1 Compression Seal Expansion Joints

In general, bridge deck compression seal expansion joint materials shall conform to the following specifications:
a. Preformed elastomeric joint seals of multiple web design shall conform to AASHTO M 220-84 (2012),
(ASTM D2628 - 91(2011)).
b. Lubricant-adhesive for use with preformed elastomeric seals shall conform to ASTM D4070 - 08.
c. Deck joint seal assemblies shall be of an approved type for each size required and shall conform to the
specifications provided by the Manufacturer at the time of approval.
d. All Steel and fabricated steel components shall be galvanised and conform to the requirements outlined in
Section 23.4.10 of Chapter 23, Steel Structures.
26.4.2 Preformed Elastomeric Neoprene Profile Seal Expansion Joints

At a minimum, a preformed elastomeric neoprene profile seal shall meet the following requirements:
a. Capability to be evacuated of air during installation
b. Capability to be pressurized with air during the adhesive curing time
c. Compatibility with the epoxy adhesive, and header material (if required)
d. Ability to withstand 50% expansion and 50% contraction (total 100%)
e. Ability to withstand the effects of vertical and lateral movements, skew movements, and rotational movements
without adhesive or cohesive failure
The Contractor shall ensure that preformed elastomeric neoprene profile meets the requirements of ASTM D2628 -
91(2011) and that the adhesive used with preformed elastomeric neoprene profile seals is a two-component epoxy-based
thixotropic paste that meets the seal manufacturer’s requirements.
26.4.3 Low-density, Closed Cell, Cross-Linked, Nitrogen-blown Seal

Expansion Joints
At a minimum, a low-density, closed cell, cross-linked, ethylene vinyl acetate, polyethylene copolymer, nitrogen-blown
seal shall meet the following requirements:
a. Held in place by a two-component, 100% solid, modified epoxy adhesive
b. Compatibility with the epoxy adhesive, and header materials (if required)
c. Preformed, resistant to abrasion, oxidation, oils, gasoline, salt, and other materials that may be spilled on or
applied to the surface
d. Grooved, with grooves approximately 3 mm wide by 3 mm deep, spaced from 6 mm to 13 mm apart, and
running along the entire length of the seal’s bonded surface
e. Designed so that, when compressed to 50% of original width, the centre portion of its top does not extend
upward above the seal’s original height by more than 6 mm
Page 26-13
f. Recessed below the riding surface throughout the normal limits of joint movement
g. Resistant to ultra violet rays
h. Beige or gray
i. Shop-marked such that the top and bottom are clearly visible during installation
The Contractor shall ensure that a low-density, closed cell, cross-linked, ethylene vinyl acetate, polyethylene
copolymer, nitrogen-blown seal has a working range of 30% tension and 60% compression. Such seals shall have
physical properties that comply with the details shown in Table 26-2.
Table 26-2: Physical properties for low-density, closed cell, cross-linked, ethylene vinyl acetate, polyethylene
copolymer, nitrogen-blown seal
Test Requirements Test method
Tensile strength 0.80 MPa ASTM D3575 - 08 (Suffix T)
Elongation at break 255% min. ASTM D3575 - 08 (Suffix T)
AASHTO T 42-10
Weather-related deterioration No deterioration for at least 10 years
(Accelerated Weathering)
0.069 MPa min., 0.414 MPa maximum @
Compression/Set ASTM D3575 - 08 (Suffix D)
50% deflection of original thickness
Tear strength 20 kN/m ASTM D624 - 00(2012)
Density 45 to 54 kg/m3 ASTM D3575 - 08
Low-density, closed cell, cross-linked, ethylene vinyl acetate, polyethylene copolymer, nitrogen-blown seals shall use a
two-component, 100% solid, modified epoxy adhesive that meets the requirements of ASTM C881 / C881M - 10,
Grade 2, Class C. Such adhesives shall have physical properties as shown in Table 26-3.
Table 26-3: Physical properties for the adhesive used with the low-density, closed cell, cross-linked, ethylene
vinyl acetate, polyethylene copolymer, nitrogen-blown seals
Property ASTM Value
Tensile strength ASTM C881 / C881M - 10 24 MPa (minimum)
Compressive strength ASTM D695 - 10 48 MPa (minimum)
Shore D hardness ASTM D2240 - 05(2010) 75
Water absorption ASTM D570 - 98(2010)e1 0.25% by weight
Bond strength ASTM C882 / C882M - 12 2.97 MPa
For applications on moist or hard to dry concrete surfaces, an adhesive shall be as specified by the joint material’s
Manufacturer.
26.4.4 Strip Seal Type Expansion Joints

Each bridge deck strip seal joint, shall have a continuous elastomeric strip seal gland with extruded steel channels. Such
glands shall be a vulcanized elastomeric compound that uses only polymerized chloroprene as its basic elastomer.
The Contractor shall provide to the Engineer certified test results from the strip seal gland’s Manufacturer that verify
that the gland has the properties shown in Table 26-4.
Page 26-14
Table 26-4: Physical properties of the strip seal gland
Physical property ASTM test method Requirements
Tensile strength (minimum) ASTM D412 - 06ae2 13.8 MPa
Elongation @ break % (minimum) ASTM D412 - 06ae2 250 %
ASTM D2240 - 05(2010)

Hardness, Type A durometer, points 55 ± 5 points
(Modified)
Oven aging, 70h @ 100° C:
Tensile strength loss 20% maximum
ASTM D573 - 04(2010)
Elongation loss 20% maximum
Hardness (Type A durometer) 0 to +10 change in points
Oil swell, ASTM oil no. 3, 70h @ 100° C,
ASTM D471 - 12 45%
maximum weight change
Ozone resistance, 20% strain, 300 pphm in air ASTM D1149 - 07(2012)
no cracks
70h @ 40°C (Modified)
Low temperature stiffening, 7 days @ -10° C:
ASTM D2240 - 05(2010) 0 to +15 change in points
Hardness (Type A durometer)
ASTM D395 - 03(2008)
Compression Set, 70h @ 100° C maximum Method B 40%
(Modified)
Steel channels shall be extruded in one piece from grade 50W (Grade 345 W) steel that complies with ASTM A588 /
A588M - 10. Such elements shall not be exposed aluminium.
A lubricant or adhesive shall bond a seal to steel elements. Such lubricant or adhesive shall be a one-part moisture
curing polyurethane and hydrocarbon solvent mixture that meets the requirements of ASTM D4070 - 08.
Studs in an anchorage system shall meet the requirements outlined in Section 30.5 of Chapter 30, Miscellaneous Metal.
Straps that the Contractor uses to erect the bridge deck joint sealing system shall be grade 36 (Grade 250) steel as
defined in ASTM A588 / A588M - 10.
All steel surfaces not embedded in concrete shall be treated for corrosion protection in accordance with the
Manufacturer’s recommendations. Backer rod shall be placed in the steel anchoring element’s’ seal cavity if painting is
required.
26.4.5 Finger Type Expansion Joints

Each joint element shall be anchored to the concrete with galvanized high strength bolts. The finger joint assembly shall
be drained by installation of a 2-layer-thick hypalon-neoprene membrane placed at the base of the joint and across the
expansion gap as indicated on the Contract plans. Materials used in the manufacture of the finger type expansion joints
shall comply with the requirements of ASTM A307-10 and ASTM A588 / A588M - 10. In general, the materials
incorporated in the finger type expansion joint shall comply with the following:
Drainage Collector: A hypalon-neoprene double layer sheet (European commercial name Coverlight TH4 26/26)
having the following characteristics:
Weight 0.600 kg/m²
Thickness 5.5 to 6.0 mm
Tensile strength (on a 5 x 20 cm specimen) 330 kg
Tear strength 28 kg
Compression resistance (Nullen test) 5.4 MPa
Hypalon is a commercial name for chlorosulphonated polyethylene (CSM), Neoprene is a commercial name for
chloroprene (CR).
Steel: All steel components shall comply with ASTM A588 / A588M - 10.
Page 26-15
Bolts, Washers and Accessories: Class 8.8 complying with American National Standard Institute ANSI B18.2.1-1981,
Square and Hex Bolts and Screws, Including Askew Head Bolts, Hex Cap Screws and Lag Screws.
Corrosion Protection: Zinc metal spraying thickness 102 microns.
Coupling Sleeve: American Iron and Steel Institute (AISI) Type 410.
26.4.6 Elastomeric Expansion Joints

The elastomeric expansion joints shall consist of integrally molded units of neoprene and bonded steel components so
arranged as to provide for the expansion and contraction movements of the bridge deck with one of the steel
components bridging the joint gap and of sufficient strength to carry wheel loads across the joint.
The expansion joints shall seal the deck surface to prevent moisture and other contaminants from descending onto the
abutment and pier caps and shall have provisions for adequate anchoring of the joint assembly to the bridge deck. There
shall be no appreciable change in the deck surface with the bridge expansion and contraction movements. All the
expansion and contraction movements of the bridge deck shall be taken entirely by deformation of the neoprene.
The elastomer portion of the expansion joints shall be neoprene having the following physical properties as determined
by the following ASTM requirements shown in Table 26-5:
Table 26-5: Physical properties of the neoprene for elastomeric expansion joints
Property ASTM Test Method Performance Requirements
Tensile Strength ASTM D412 - 06ae2 12.3 MPa minimum
Elongation at break ASTM D412 - 06ae2 400%, minimum
Hardness, Type A Durometer ASTM D2240 - 05(2010) 50 ± 5 points,
ASTM D395 - 03(2008)

20%, maximum
Compression Set 22 hours at 70°C (Method B)
Low Temperature ASTM D746 - 07 Not brittle at -40°C
Ozone Resistance
Exposure to 100 pphm ozone for 70 hours @ ASTM D1149 - 07(2012) No failure cracks
38°C sample under 20% strain
Oil Deterioration
Volume increase after immersion in ASTM ASTM D471 - 12 120%, maximum
Oil #3 for 70 hours @ 100°C
The dimensional tolerances of the neoprene portion of the elastomeric joint shall be minus zero mm to plus 6 mm for
the width and length, and minus zero mm to plus 3 mm for the thickness of the exterior dimensions required on the
Contract plans measured at 21°C.
The sealant for sealing joints between the expansion joint units, along the edges of the expansion joint, and the bolts and
plugs shall be a high solids, one-part polyurethane based sealant that cures quickly, without shrinkage, into a rubber
with high elongation characteristics and excellent "memory." The sealant shall be capable of bonding to concrete, steel,
and neoprene without the use of a primer. When cured, the sealant shall possess excellent abrasion resistance and shall
resist attack by salt, oil, and road chemicals. The sealant to be used shall meet with the approval of the manufacturer of
the neoprene expansion joint.
When test specimens are cut from the finished product a 10 percent variation in "Physical Properties" may be allowed
by the Engineer.
The flexible epoxy for filling void space around the nut fasteners shall consist of a black two component flexible epoxy
sealant having the following physical properties as shown in Table 26-6:
Page 26-16
Table 26-6: Physical properties of black two component flexible epoxy sealant
Base Material Flexibilized Epoxy Resin
Color Black
Weight/Liter (Mixed materials) 1.05 kgs./liter
Mixing Time 2 min. @ 24°C with 50 strokes minimum
Pot Life 10-15 minutes @ 24°C
Initial Cure 4 hours @ 24°C
Final Cure 48 hours @ 24°C
Shelf Life 12 months minimum (components separate)
Hardness Shore A Durometer 80 ± 10
The flexible epoxy shall be supplied either in cans or preassembled cartridges. Flexible epoxy shall meet with the
approval of the manufacturer of the expansion joint. Flexible epoxy must also be a material compatible with and having
the physical characteristic, when cured, similar to the neoprene of the joint.
The adhesive/sealant bedding epoxy for bonding the expansion joint to concrete or steel shall be supplied in
premeasured cartridges or cans and shall consist of a grey, two component flexible epoxy having the following physical
properties as shown in Table 26-7:
Table 26-7: Physical properties of grey two component flexible epoxy
Base Material Epoxy Resin
Color Concrete Grey
Weight/Liter (Mixed Materials) 1.44 kgs./liter
Solids Content 98% minimum by weight
Mixing Time 2 min. @ 24°C with 50 strokes minimum
Pot Life 25-30 minutes @ 24°C
Initial Cure 4 hours @ 24°C
Final Cure 48 hours @ 24°C
Shelf Life 12 months minimum (components separate)
Tensile Strength 20.6 MPa
Elongation 7% @ 24°C
Water Absorption 1.0% maximum
Bond Strength to Concrete Concrete fails before bond
All structural steel for use in elastomeric expansion joints as detailed on the Contract plans shall comply with the
requirements of ASTM A1011 / A1011M - 12b or ASTM A36 / A36M - 08.
Structural steel angles and anchors shall be fabricated and hot dip galvanized in accordance with the requirements of
ASTM A123 / A123M – 12 and Section 23.4.10 of Chapter 23, Steel Structures, of these Standard Specifications.
Page 26-17
a. Anchor Bolts
Anchor bolts for joint seals shall be hot dip galvanized in accordance with ASTM A153 / A153M - 09, commercial
grade bolts set in epoxy mortar in holes cored in the deck in accordance with approved shop drawings.
Surfaces of holes cored in the concrete shall be carefully prepared to provide a cleaned, textured surface to which the
epoxy mortar can successfully bond. Faces shall be mechanically tooled until surface glaze and contamination have
been removed; dusted to remove all residue; dried thoroughly; and then primed with hydrophobic epoxy resin
immediately prior to setting the anchor bolts in epoxy mortar. Bolts shall be degreased with white spirit alcohol and
dried thoroughly. Coring and setting of anchor bolts shall not be done until a minimum of 7 days after concrete is
poured.
b. Epoxy Mortar
Epoxy mortar shall consist of a mixture of aggregate and epoxy binder. Aggregate shall consist of well graded, clean,
hard quartzite particles of 2 mm maximum size. Aggregate shall be dried till the moisture content is less than 0.2
percent by weight and then shall be sealed in plastic containers until required for mixing on site. Binder for epoxy
mortar shall be two part, cold curing, solventless epoxy resin supplied by an approved Manufacturer. Primer shall be
compatible with the epoxy resin binder and shall be supplied by the same Manufacturer. The type of resin selected shall
be recommended by the Manufacturer for this application and shall meet with the approval of the supplier of the
component on which it is to be used.
Components of the epoxies shall be proportioned, mixed, applied and cured strictly in accordance with the
Manufacturer's printed recommendations. Mixing shall be carried out in an efficient mechanical device which ensures
that all components are fully dispersed and wetted. The two parts of the epoxy binder for the mortar shall be thoroughly
mixed first without frothing and the aggregate added progressively. Mixed epoxy mortar which has begun to cure
before it has been placed and compacted shall be rejected and a fresh batch mixed.
Anchor bolts shall not be set in epoxy mortar when the ambient temperature is less than 10 degrees Celsius. Concrete
surfaces shall be primed. Bolts shall be coated with epoxy mortar and assembled in such a way as to avoid trapping air
bubbles in the mortar. Epoxy mortar shall be compacted around the anchor bolts and trowelled level with the concrete
surface. The anchor bolts shall be located using a template and securely held in place until the epoxy mortar has cured.
26.4.7 Modular Bridge Joint Systems

Materials for a modular bridge joint system (MBJS) shall conform to the following specifications:
a. MBJS shall conform to the specifications provided by its Manufacturer.
b. MBJS shall be prequalified by satisfying all of the testing requirements detailed in Appendix A19 in Section
19 of the AASHTO LRFD Bridge Construction Specifications, which validate the use of an approved MBJS for
a limited range of applications.
c. MBJS designs shall comply with Article 14.5, “Bridge Joints,” of the AASHTO LRFD Bridge Design
Specifications.
d. Preformed elastomeric joint seals of multiple-web design shall conform to AASHTO M 297-10 (ASTM D3542
- 08).
e. Preformed elastomeric joint seals of the strip type shall conform to ASTM D5973 - 97(2007).
f. Seals shall be continuous; seals shall not include splices unless such are specifically approved by the Engineer.
g. Lubricant-adhesive for use with preformed elastomeric seals shall conform to ASTM D4070 - 08.
h. Springs, bearings, and equidistant devices (sometimes referred to as control springs) shall have the same
material composition, formulation, and configuration as control springs used in prequalification tests. Their
Manufacturer and fabrication procedure shall also match control springs used in such test.
i. Urethane foam shall conform to ASTM D3574 - 11.
j. Polytetrafluorethylene (PTFE) shall be 100-percent virgin Teflon, woven PTFE fabric, or dimpled PTFE that
conforms to the requirements for PTFE sliding surfaces outlined in Section 25.4.11 of Chapter 25, Bearing
Devices. Every sliding surface shall be PTFE.
k. Sliding surfaces shall have type 304 stainless steel sheets as defined in ASTM A240 / A240M - 12. In severe
environments, such sheets shall be type 316 steel as defined in ASTM A240 / A240M - 12.
l. Steel and fabricated steel components for members that are not fracture-critical shall conform to the applicable
requirements of Chapter 23, Steel Structures, with the following exceptions:
Page 26-18
• Welding shall conform to the requirements of ANSI/AWS D1.1/D1.1M:2010 Structural Welding

Code-Steel,
• Fasteners and their holes can deviate from the requirements in Chapter 23, Steel Structures, if they
were used in the prequalification tests.
m. The Contractor shall furnish manufacturing certificate to the Engineer stating that the materials have been
sampled, tested and inspected in accordance with this specifications and have met the requirements.
26.4.8 Fixed Joint Seal

The joint sealer shall be of a neoprene, preformed or extruded type, of essentially the size and shape indicated on the
Contract plans. The preformed joint sealer material shall comply with the requirements of AASHTO M 220-84 (2012)
(ASTM D2628-91 (2011)). The joint sealer shall be such that it will repel the intrusion of stones, dirt, etc., into the joint
or into the material itself. Lubricant adhesive for use with preformed sealer shall conform to ASTM D4070 – 08.
All structural steel for use in the fixed joint shall comply with the requirements of ASTM A36 / A36M - 08, and as
specified in Chapter 23, Steel Structures, for fabrication and welding. All structural steel assemblies shall be hot dip
galvanized in accordance with ASTM A123 / A123M – 12 and with Section 23.4.10 of Chapter 23, Steel Structures.
26.4.9 Asphaltic Plug Joint (APJ)

Material, testing and application requirements for field molded asphaltic plug joints (APJs) used in expansion joint
sealing on asphalt concrete overlay and portland cement concrete decks shall comply with the requirements of ASTM
D6297 – 13. The asphaltic binder to be used shall be a thermoplastic polymeric-modified asphalt or hot laid elastomer
modified bitumen bound material. The aggregates shall be crushed, washed, and dried. Physical properties of the
asphalt such as softening point, tensile adhesion, ductility, resilience, and flexibility shall also be tested and shall
conform to ASTM D36 / D36M – 12, ASTM D113 – 07, ASTM D5 / D5M – 13, and ASTM D217 - 10.
Rubber bitumen sealant shall comprise a hot applied sealant composed of bitumen, rubber extender and filler
conforming to the requirements of ASTM D6690 – 12, ASTM D5167 – 13, ASTM D5249 – 10, and ASTM D5329 –
09.
The Contractor shall propose and submit for the Engineer’s review and approval practical means of testing the
watertightness aspects of the individual systems, either in the field or at approved testing laboratory.
26.4.10 Header Materials

The Contractor shall use elastomeric concrete or epoxy concrete for header material where indicated in the Contract
plans or specified in the particular specifications. Otherwise, the usage of these materials shall be strictly in accordance
with the direction of the Engineer for the intended application.
Mixes and uses of elastomeric and epoxy concrete materials shall be in accordance with this section and in compliance
with the Manufacturers’ guidelines.
By consulting the most reliable forecasts, the Contractor shall ensure that ambient temperatures will fall between 7º C
and 38º C throughout the installation of elastomeric concrete material, and will not be less 13º C during the installation
of epoxy concrete material.
The Contractor shall not permit traffic to drive over sealed joints until the header material has hardened enough to
prevent deck movement and other vibrations from displacing the seal. Elastomeric concrete shall cool and solidify for at
least one hour before a bridge roadway is open for traffic. Epoxy concrete shall cure for at least two hours before a
bridge roadway is open for traffic.
26.4.10.1 Elastomeric Concrete

a. Elastomeric Concrete Material
Elastomeric concrete material includes two-component elastomer and prebagged fillers. The Contractor shall mix
elastomeric concrete material and use it according to its Manufacturer’s recommendations. For such mixing and use, the
Contractor may need to apply heat to accelerate curing and to ensure a quality bond between concrete and steel.
Elastomeric concrete shall have the following features:
1. Compatibility with all allowable joint seal materials and with all concrete or steel to which it is bonded
2. Provision of a smooth riding surface across the joint
Page 26-19
3. Capability of being mixed by normal equipment

4. Capability of being mixed and placed when temperatures range from 7º C to 38º C
b. Elastomeric Concrete Cured Binder Material

The Contractor shall ensure elastomeric concrete cured binder material (without filler) has the physical properties
shown in Table 26-8.
Table 26-8: Physical properties for elastomeric concrete cured binder material (without filler)
Before oven aging:
Tensile strength (minimum) 5.2 MPa ASTM D638 - 10
Elongation at break (minimum) 200% ASTM D638 - 10
Hardness (Type D durometer) 39 - 58 ASTM D2240 - 05(2010)

Compression set, 22 hrs at maximum
80% ASTM D395 - 03(2008) Method B
70° C
ASTM D624 - 00(2012)
Tear resistance (minimum) 2.7 kg/mm
50 mm/min
Water absorption (maximum) 1.2% ASTM D570 - 98(2010)e1
Heat shrinkage (maximum) 1.6% ASTM D1299-55(1979)E01
Impact strength (minimum) 9.5 N m Article d of Subsection 26.4.10.1
Properties after oven aging at 70° C for 72 hours
Hardness (Type D durometer) 90, ± 3 ASTM D2240 - 05(2010)
Impact strength (minimum) 9.5 N m Sub-article d of Article 26.4.10.1
c. Elastomeric Concrete Binder Material

The Contractor shall ensure that the elastomeric concrete binder material (with filler) has the physical requirements
shown in Table 26-9.
Table 26-9: Physical requirements for elastomeric concrete binder material (with filler)

Resilience at 5% deflection
70% Sub-article d of Article 26.4.10.1
(minimum)
Bond strength to concrete (minimum*) 2.6 MPa Sub-article d of Article 26.4.10.1
Wet bond strength to concrete
1.7 MPa Sub-article d of Article 26.4.10.1
(minimum*)
Pot life (minimum) 5 minutes Sub-article d of Article 26.4.10.1
*greater than concrete failure strength (tensile strength)
Page 26-20
d. Testing Method for Elastomeric Concrete

The Contractor shall use this test method to determine pot life, bond strength to concrete, wet bond strength to concrete,
resilience at 5 percent deflection, and impact strength of elastomeric concrete material covered under Article 26.4.10.1
of these Specifications.
1. Apparatus
The apparatus shall consist of the following:
i. Containers: Use containers big enough to weigh each component to the proper ratio. Also, use a container
big enough to hold all components during mixing.
ii. Paper Cups: Use unwaxed paper cups, 480 ml, 75 mm diameter base.
iii. Wooden Tongue Depressors
iv. Large Spoon or Spatula
v. Balance: Use a balance capable of weighing the components; accurate to 1 g.
vi. Stopwatch: Use a watch with one-second divisions.
vii. Molds: Use briquet molds as specified in AASHTO T 132:1987 (R2013).
viii. Riehle Briquet Tester: Use the tester or equivalent that meets the requirements of AASHTO T 132:1987
(R2013).
ix. Saw: Use a diamond-tooth saw or other cutting tool capable of producing clean, smooth faces.
x. Testing Machine: Use the machine specified in ASTM D638 - 10, equipped with a drive mechanism to
allow a testing speed of 5 mm/min.
xi. Molds: Use cylinder molds (75 x 150 mm)
xii. Steel Ball: Use a 414 g ± 23 g steel ball.
2. Sample Size and Preparation

o o
i. Prior to testing, condition the components to a room temperature of 24 C ± 2 C.
ii. After conditioning, stir each component to redisperse any settled material. Be careful not to contaminate
one component with the other.
3. Procedures
I. Pot Life (with filler)
i. Use the proper size containers to measure each component in proper ratio.
ii. Follow the manufacturer's recommendation, if applicable, to add the resin and catalyst to be mixed before
adding the fillers.
iii. Mix the components together with a large spoon or a spatula in the large mixing container.
iv. Start the timer as soon as the resin and catalyst are combined.
v. Ensure that all measured material is added and that the components are mixed thoroughly.
vi. Weigh out 100 g of the mixed material into a 480 ml cup. Place the material in the bottom of the cup so
that the 100 g will be one mass.
vii. Place the sample on a wooden surface that is free of excessive drafts.
viii. Use a wooden tongue depressor to occasionally probe and lightly stir the material to determine the pot
life. The time it takes the material to become unworkable will be considered the pot life.
II. Bond Strength to Concrete (with filler)
i. Prepare cement mortar briquets according to AASHTO T 132:1987 (R2013). Use Type I or III cement
meeting the requirements of AASHTO M 85-12, and 20-30 standard sand meeting the requirements of
ASTM C190-85.
ii. Allow the briquets to cure for at least 7 days.
Page 26-21
iii. Saw the briquets in half at the centerline perpendicular to the long axis.
iv. Abrasive blast the cut faces lightly and blow clean with compressed air.
v. Place three briquet halves back in the molds and cast elastomeric concrete into the remaining mold
spaces. This creates specimens that are half mortar and half elastomeric concrete.
o o
vi. Cure the specimens for 7 days at 24 C ± 2 C, in 50 percent, ± 10 percent relative humidity.
vii. After the required curing time, tensile-load the specimens in the briquet tester at a loading rate of 2669, ±
110 N/minute.
viii. Report the average bond strength to concrete obtained on the specimens.
III. Wet Bond Strength to Concrete (with filler)
i. Prepare the specimens in accordance with Procedures, Step II, i through vi.
o o
ii. After the required curing time, submerge the specimens in water at 24 C ± 2 C for 7 days.
iii. At the end of 7 days, remove the specimens from the water and immediately tensile-load them in the
briquet tester at a loading rate of 2669, ± 110 N/minute.
iv. Report the average wet bond to concrete obtained on the specimens.
IV. Resilience at 5 Percent Deflection (with filler)
i. Mix enough material according to the manufacturer's instructions to make three, 75 x 150 mm cylinders.
ii. Make the cylinders in three layers and rod them 25 times per layer. Trowel the tops smooth.
o o
iii. Cure the cylinders 7 days at 24 C ± 2 C, in 50 percent, ± 10 percent relative humidity.
iv. At the end of 7 days, remove the cylinders from the molds. Make sure the ends of the cylinders are
relatively perpendicular to the axis. If not, square them with a saw.
v. Make four measurements at the quarter points around the circumference of the cylinders. Measure to the
nearest 0.025 mm the height of the cylinders. Mark these points on the side of the cylinders.
vi. Determine the average height of each cylinder.
vii. Compression-load the cylinder at 5 mm/minute, to 95 percent of its original height. Measure deflection
with a micrometer to the nearest 0.025 mm.
viii. Remove the load and let recover for 5 minutes.
ix. Measure the average height again to the nearest 0.025 mm, using the same measuring points from
Procedures, Step IV. v.
x. Calculate resilience after 5 percent deflection as follows:
Height after recovery − Compressed height
% Resilience = x 100
De�lection
Equation 26-1: Resilience after 5 percent deflection
V. Impact Strength (without filler)
i. Cast six specimens with diameters of 69 mm, ± 6 mm and thicknesses of 10, ± 0.6 mm.
o o
ii. Allow the specimens to cure for 7 days at 24 C ± 2 C and 50 percent, ± 10 percent relative humidity.
iii. Mill the cured specimens plane on both faces to the required thickness.
o
iv. Place three of the specimens in a freezer at (- 18 C) for at least 30 minutes.
v. Remove the specimens one at the time from the freezer. Place them on a smooth concrete slab, on a
smooth steel plate at least 13 mm thick.
vi. Drop a 4.45 kg steel ball onto the center of each specimen from an initial height of 2.1 m. Perform the
drop within 10 seconds of removing the specimen from the freezer. Two out of three specimens shall pass
using the following criteria:
• If the specimen shatters or cracks, it fails.
• If the specimen does not shatter or crack, it passes.
Page 26-22
vii. Report the final results as either “less than 9.5 metre-N” or “greater than 9.5 metre-N”
o o
viii. Age the remaining three specimens in the oven at 70 C ± 2 C for 72 hours.
ix. Test the specimens according to Procedures, Step V, iv through vii.
26.4.10.2 Epoxy Concrete

In accordance with the Contract plans, epoxy concrete material shall meet the following minimum requirements:
• Compatibility with all allowable joint seal materials and with all concrete or steel to which it is bonded
• Able to provide a smooth riding surface across a joint
• Able to be mixed using normal equipment
• Able to be mixed and placed when temperatures are 13º C or higher.
The Contractor shall use header material that is a two-component rapid curing epoxy with aggregate that cures to a
dense semi-flexible, weather, abrasion, and impact-resistant epoxy concrete. Such material shall have the physical
properties shown in Table 26-10.
Table 26-10: Physical properties of epoxy concrete material
Mixed epoxy without aggregate (before and after oven aging at 70° C for 72 hours)
Shore D hardness 45-75 ASTM D2240 - 05(2010)
Pot life (maximum) 45 minutes Sub-article d of Article 26.4.10.1
Mixed epoxy with aggregate

Compressive strength at 24 hours ASTM C39 / C39M - 12 (76 mm
75 MPa
(minimum) cylinders)
Resilience at 5% deflection (minimum) 75% Sub-article d of Article 26.4.10.1
Bond strength to concrete (minimum*) 34 MPa Sub-article d of Article 26.4.10.1

Wet bond strength to concrete
1.7 MPa Sub-article d of Article 26.4.10.1
(minimum*)
Thermal compatibility No delamination ASTM C884 / C884M - 98(2010)
**greater than concrete failure strength (tensile strength)
The qualified Manufacturer shall furnish the aggregate used in epoxy concrete. The Contractor shall use well-graded,
clean, and dry aggregate that meets the gradation requirement shown in Table 26-11. Care shall be taken to avoid air
entrapment upon placement of epoxy concrete around anchor bolts.
Table 26-11: Gradation requirement for aggregate used in epoxy concrete
Size Percent passing by weight
No. 4 Sieve 100%
No. 80 Sieve 0-5%
Note: Test according to AASHTO T 27-11
Page 26-23
a. Temporary Joint Filler

The Contractor shall use temporary joint filler when using epoxy concrete material. Temporary joint filler shall be an
extruded rigid cellular polystyrene with enough compressive strength to maintain correct joint widths and to obtain
relatively smooth and straight faces upon removal of the material.
26.5 Manufacturing and Fabrication of Bridge Deck Joint

Systems
The Contractor shall have a joint fabricated to match a bridge deck’s full width, unless construction is staged (one lane
at a time) or when joint lengths prohibit shipment.
26.5.1 Manufacturing Joint Sealing Systems

Compression Seal Expansion Joints: The Contractor shall not splice preformed elastomeric joint seals in the field,
unless the Engineer specifically permits such splicing.
Expansion joint assemblies shall be fabricated by their Manufacturers and delivered to the bridge site completely
assembled, unless the Contract documents specify otherwise.
Preformed Elastomeric Neoprene Profile Seal Expansion Joints: The Contractor shall have the joint fabricated full
width of the bridge deck, except in stage construction (one lane at a time) or when joint length prohibits shipment.
Low-Density, Closed Cell, Cross-linked, Nitrogen-blown Seal Expansion Joints: The Contractor shall have the joint
fabricated full width of the bridge deck, except in stage construction (one lane at a time) or when joint length prohibits
shipment.
26.5.2 Manufacturing Strip Seal Type Expansion Joints

The seal gland shall be fabricated in one continuous strip. The Contractor shall not splice gland material in the field.
The Owner shall not permit welding pieces together in any manner to obtain the final shape of steel channels. When
directional changes is required, the Owner may permit shop welding for this purpose only using a complete penetration
weld within the steel channels in accordance with the Manufacturer’s recommendations.
The geometry of the steel channels shall not allow the accumulation of water and moisture.
26.5.3 Manufacturing Finger Type Expansion Joints

The finger type expansion joint units shall be shop fabricated as indicated on the Contract plans, as specified herein and
approved by the Engineer on the shop drawings. All metal surfaces shall be given the corrosion protection after welding
and prior to bolting the assembly together.
The adequacy of the joint design and installation details shall meet with the approval of the Engineer.
All welding shall comply with the requirements of Sections 23.4.11 and 23.6.10 of Chapter 23, Steel Structures, of
these Standard Specifications. The surface of the finished joint shall have an applied welded pattern or other textured
non-skid surface approved by the Engineer.
The complete unit shall be fabricated with a minimum of joints and splices. All joints and splices shall be subject to
approval of the Engineer. Joints and splices shall be designed by the Manufacturer to prevent movement or
displacement between abutting sections.
The drainage collector shall have adequate slope of at least 8% to ensure that sand accumulation in the collector is
washed away during rain storms.
26.5.4 Manufacturing Elastomeric Expansion Joints

The size selection of elastomeric expansion joints is predicated on movement of the concrete superstructures due to
shrinkage and creep of concrete and temperature change.
26.5.5 Manufacturing Modular Bridge Joint Systems

A modular bridge joint system (MBJS) shall be fabricated in accordance with the dimensions, shapes, details, material
specifications, and procedures shown in approved shop drawings. Fillet welds shall be welded continuously. An MBJS
shall not have intermittent fillet welds.
Page 26-24
The Contractor shall avoid field splices if at all possible. An entire MBJS shall be shipped and installed as one unit. If
field splicing cannot be avoided, the Owner recommends that such splices be located away from potential wheel paths
or under the median traffic barrier. For an MBJS, the Contractor shall use only field-splice details that have been
fatigue-tested in accordance with the prequalification tests outlined in Section 26.4.7. Typically, fatigue design will
dictate that the span of a centrebeam with the splice must be smaller than the continuous spans; generally, the smallest
span possible works best.
A full-penetration field weld can sometimes be made from a deck when there is only one centrebeam and it can be lifted
out enough to access the bottom of the centrebeam. The Contractor shall be careful to prevent weld metal from getting
into seal retainer grooves, which can lead to seal pullout and leaking. The Contractor shall not use fillet or partial
penetration welds. If there is more than one centrebeam, the Contractor shall not use welded splices. The Contractor
may use field splices for edgebeam profiles, but only when fillet welds cross only part of the profile.
The Contractor shall provide lifting devices. In addition, at least three devices along each segment of the length of an
MBJS shall be provided to maintain the preset opening of a joint; such devices shall have uniform spacing that does not
exceed 4.5 metres.
When the fabrication is completed, the Manufacturer shall perform the pre-installation inspection as described in Article
26.6.7.2 to ensure that the MBJS passes inspection.
26.5.5.1 Edgebeam Profile and Anchorage

The edgebeams shall be fabricated from structural steel. The web of the edgebeam cross section shall be at least 9.5mm
in thickness. The same cross section used in the prequalification test shall be used. Shop splices in the edgebeam profile
shall be two sided, complete joint penetration groove welds. The edgebeam shall be continuously fillet welded to the
support boxes.
Anchorage shall comply with Article 14.5.6.9, “Modular Bridge Joint Systems (MBJS),” of the AASHTO LRFD Bridge
Design Specifications. If an edgebeam cross-section includes a horizontal element, such element shall also be anchored
to resist the full force of the wheel-load and upward impact (from rebound).
26.5.5.2 Centerbeam and Support Bar

Centrebeams, support bars, and connection details shall be the same type as those used in prequalification tests. Shop
splices in a centrebeam’s profile shall be two-sided, complete-joint-penetration groove welds. In a welded multiple
support bar MBJS, a weld joint between the centrebeam and support bar shall be a full-penetration groove weld.
After welding, the Contractor shall place the centrebeam (support) bar assembly on a flat surface and verify that the
support bars lie in a single plane, with no part of the bottom of any support bars more than 6.5 mm off the surface. The
Contractor may make as many as three attempts to heat-straighten the subassembly.
26.5.5.3 Seals
The seal Manufacturer shall install seals in an MBJS before shipment, unless its centrebeam requires field splices. In
such cases, the Contractor shall install continuous seals (without splices) in the field after construction is complete. In
either case, seal installers shall use the same lubricant-adhesive that was used in prequalification tests. Seals shall
extend out from the ends of the edgebeams and centrebeams by at least 50mm.
26.5.5.4 Support Boxes

To construct support boxes, the Manufacturer shall continuously weld steel plates or tubes that are at least 9.5 mm
thick. If support boxes are more than 400 mm wide, the thickness of the top plate shall increase so that the width-to-
thickness ratio does not exceed 45; otherwise, the Contractor must apply stiffening. If the Contractor assembles a
support box from nested tubes, the diameter or width-to-thickness ratio of each tube shall not exceed 45.
26.5.5.5 PTFE Sliding Surface

PTFE for sliding surfaces shall be bonded under controlled conditions and in accordance with the instructions of either
the PTFE Manufacturer or the adhesive Manufacturer. After installers complete the bonding operation, a PTFE surface
shall be smooth and free from underlying bubbles.
26.5.5.6 Stainless Steel Sliding Surfaces

The Contractor shall polish an MBJS’s stainless steel surfaces to an 0.20 µm mirror finish.
Page 26-25
26.5.5.7 Corrosion Protection

All of an MBJS’s steel surfaces, except surfaces under stainless steel or those to be bonded to PTFE, shall be protected
against corrosion.
Anchors and exposed sections shall be hot dip galvanized in accordance with ASTM A123 / A123M - 12.
26.5.6 Manufacturing Fixed Joint Seal

The sealer shall be so shaped that when installed, at minimum joint opening, it shall be so completely compressed as to
be substantially solid and have a minimum of air spaces. It shall also be so shaped that in its compressed condition the
top center of the exposed surface shall be depressed below the surface of the sealer edges. The sealer shall be furnished
in a sufficient width to accomplish this kind of closure. The shape to be used and the width and depth to be furnished
shall have prior approval of the Engineer. It shall be flexible and pliable and retain its elasticity at temperatures from 54
to -28o C and shall not develop appreciable permanent set after full compression of the approved joint shape for the full
effective life of the material. It shall be compatible with the material of which the joint surfaces are composed and be
relatively unaffected by the normal moisture in the material. The joint sealer shall not be field spliced except when
specifically permitted by the Engineer.
Each lot of the joint filler shall be identified with the Manufacturer's name or trade mark and shall be accompanied by
the Manufacturer's certification attesting compliance with this specification.
Each lot of the adhesive shall be delivered in containers plainly marked with the Manufacturer's certification attesting
compliance with this specification.
26.5.7 Manufacturing Asphaltic Plug Type Joint

Asphaltic plug joints shall provide a homogenous expansion medium and smooth running surface.
26.6 Construction of Bridge Deck Joint Systems

All joint materials and assemblies, when stored at a job site, shall be protected from damage. Assemblies shall be
supported to maintain their true shape and alignment. Deck joint seals shall provide a smooth ride. Bridge deck joints
shall be covered by protective material after installation until final cleanup of the bridge deck.
After installation and before final acceptance, the Contractor shall test deck joint seals in the presence of the Engineer
for leakage. Any leakage of the joint seal shall be a cause for rejection.
26.6.1 Construction of Compression Seal Expansion Joints

Joints in a bridge deck’s roadway areas that are to be sealed with compression seals shall be cast to a narrower width
than required for the preformed material. Such joints in curbs and sidewalks may be cast to full width. Before
installation of compression seals in joints that are narrower than needed, the Contractor shall saw cut a groove of proper
width and depth to receive the preformed material along the top of the joint.
When making saw cuts into a bridge deck, the Contractor shall minimise spalling. Both sides of a groove shall be cut
simultaneously to the proper depth and alignment as shown in the Contract documents. A rigid guide shall control a
saw’s alignment at all times. A groove’s width shall depend on the temperature and age of the concrete and shall
comply with directions from the Engineer. Lip of saw cut should be bevelled to avoid later breakage. After saw cutting,
any spalls, popouts, or cracks shall be repaired before installation of a lubricant sealant. Saw cuts are not required where
a bridge deck joint includes armour plates.
During installation, a joint shall be clean, dry, and free from spalls and irregularities that might impair a proper joint
seal. Concrete and metal surfaces shall be clean and free of rust, laitance, oils, dirt, dust, or other deleterious materials.
Using suitable hand methods or machine tools, the Contractor shall install premoulded elastomeric compression joint
seals without damaging them. The Contractor shall apply lubricant adhesive to both faces of a joint before installation
and in accordance with the Manufacturer's instructions. Preformed elastomeric seal shall be compressed to the thickness
specified in the Contract documents or in accordance with directions from the Engineer in a manner that is appropriate
for the rated opening and ambient temperature at the time of installation. The Owner shall not permit loose-fitting or
open points between a seal and a bridge deck.
Construction of expansion joint seal assemblies shall provide absolute freedom of movement through the range shown
in the Contract documents or as prescribed by the Engineer. Final settings of a deck joint seal assembly at the time of
casting in the anchorages of the unit depend on the relationship between the current temperature of the superstructure
and its expected mean temperature. Final settings shall comply with the Contract documents, direction from the
Engineer, or the recommendations of the deck joint seal assembly’s Manufacturer.
Page 26-26
26.6.2 Construction of Preformed Elastomeric Neoprene Profile Seal

Expansion Joints
26.6.2.1 Preparing Surfaces
The Contractor shall ensure that compressed air used to sandblast and to blow debris is free of moisture and oil. For
cleaning joints, the Contractor shall use air compressors that have suitable traps for removing surplus water and oil from
the compressed air. The Contractor shall check the compressed air daily for contamination and shall not use
contaminated air. The compressor for preparation of a bridge deck seal assembly’s surface shall be able to deliver
compressed air at a continuous pressure of at least 0.620 MPa.
26.6.2.2 Preparing Headers

Where indicated in the Contract plans or specified in the particular specifications, the Contractor shall prepare the
headers in accordance with the joint manufacturer’s recommendations and the following:
1. Remove loose, eroded, and unsound concrete from the surface within the joint area.
2. Provide horizontal bonding areas by cutting all angular areas of concrete blockouts.
3. Immediately before placing the header material, sandblast the concrete surfaces or abrade free of oil, dust,
dirt, traces of asphaltic concrete, or other contaminants.
26.6.2.3 Preparing to Seal Joints

To make preparations to seal joints, the Contractor shall do the following:
1. Remove loose, eroded, and unsound concrete from the surface within the joint area.
2. Immediately before placing the seal, sandblast the concrete surfaces or abrade free of oil, dust, dirt, traces
of asphaltic concrete, or other contaminants.
3. As necessary, saw-cut the concrete deck to provide an acceptable attachment surface for the joint seal.
26.6.2.4 Installing Expansion Joint Seal Assembly

Installation of the expansion joint seal assembly shall comply with the Manufacturer's recommendations. The
Contractor shall use an installer who has been trained by the Manufacturer to install the bridge deck joint sealing
system. The Manufacturer’s representative shall be present during the installation of the approved header material if
any. In addition to the Manufacturer’s recommendations, the Contractor shall comply with the specifications in this
section.
26.6.2.5 Blockouts
Blockouts shall comply with relevant details of the Contract plans.
26.6.2.6 Weather Limitations

The Contractor shall not perform any part of an installation in rainy weather or when rain is expected within one hour of
an installation, and shall ensure that an assembly’s surface is completely dry before applying adhesive or primer.
Ambient temperature shall not be less than 13º C during the installation of preformed elastomeric neoprene profile seal.
26.6.2.7 General Safety, Handling, Mixing, Finishing, and Curing

While complying with the instructions of the joint system’s Manufacturer, the Contractor shall adhere to the following
procedure to handle, place, finish, and cure the system.
a. Fill the blockout, as shown in the Contract Plans, to the correct grade.
b. After filling the blockouts on both sides, cure the material according to the Manufacturer’s instructions.
c. Mix and place the epoxy mortar according to the Manufacturer’s recommendations and as follows:
1. Before adding the aggregate, thoroughly mix the two components (resin and hardener) of the epoxy
mortar.
Page 26-27
2. Mix the epoxy mortar in a mechanical mortar mixer by combining one volume of mixed epoxy (resin
plus hardener in the required proportions) with three volumes of aggregate, meeting the requirements
of these specifications.
3. Prime the surface of the concrete in accordance with the manufacture's recommendations before
applying the epoxy concrete.
4. Place and finish the epoxy concrete within one half hour of mixing.
Cure times for epoxy mortar are directly related to temperature. Table 26-12 provides general guidelines for cure times
at various temperatures.
Table 26-12: Cure time for epoxy mortar
Air and Deck Temperature Approximate Cure Time

o
4 C 5 hours
o
10 C 4 hours
o
16 C 3 hours
o
21 C 2.5 hours
o
27 C 1.5 hours
o
32 C 1 hours
o
38 C 0.75 hours
The Contractor shall postpone the installation process if the ambient temperature is 13º C and rising. If the Contractor
cannot postpone the operation, they shall use supplemental heat to complete the operation and reopen the lane in a
reasonable time. When using supplemental heat, the Contractor shall ensure that curing has progressed throughout a
header’s mass.
26.6.2.8 Mixing and Placing Elastomeric Concrete Material

The Contractor shall handle, place, finish, and cure the elastomeric concrete material according to the Manufacturer’s
instructions, and shall allow the elastomeric concrete to cool and solidify for at least one hour before opening to traffic.
26.6.2.9 Preformed Elastomeric Neoprene Profile Joint Seal Application

The Contractor shall do the following to seal joints:
1. After the header material has developed enough strength to be ready for traffic, remove the temporary joint
filler (when called for) and thoroughly clean the joint faces of all joint filler.
2. Lightly sandblast the joint to remove all residue.
3. Apply the adhesive according to the Manufacturer’s recommendations.
4. Install the preformed elastomeric neoprene profile seal so that it is recessed approximately 6 mm below the
riding surface.
5. After sealing a joint, promptly remove all surplus residue on the bridge deck.
26.6.2.10 Acceptance of Joint Seal Assemblies

The Contractor shall provide evidence from the joint seal assembly’s Manufacturer that the joint system has been used
successfully in installations with similar environmental and project conditions. The Owner shall reject a joint seal
assembly that fails to perform adequately in actual use.
26.6.2.11 Correction of Defects in Joint Seal Assemblies

At no expense to the Owner, the Contractor shall either repair or remove and replace any completed joint seals that leak,
have adhesive or cohesive failure, or have damage before final acceptance.
Page 26-28
26.6.3 Construction of Low-density, Closed Cell, Cross-linked, Nitrogen-

blown Seal Expansion Joints
The construction of Low-density, closed cell, cross-linked, nitrogen-blown seal expansion joints shall conform to the
requirements of Section 26.6.2.
By consulting the most reliable forecasts, the Contractor shall ensure that ambient and surface temperatures will remain
between 7º C and 24º C throughout the installation of a low-density, closed-cell, cross-linked, ethylene vinyl acetate,
polyethylene copolymer, nitrogen blown seal.
26.6.3.1 Low-density, Closed-cell, Cross-linked, Nitrogen-blown Seal

Application
The Contractor shall do the following to complete joint seals:
1. After the header material (if required) has developed enough strength to be ready for traffic, remove the
temporary joint filler (when called for) and thoroughly clean the joint faces of all joint filler.
2. Lightly sandblast the joint to remove all residue.
3. Apply the epoxy adhesive to both sides of the joint opening and into the grooves of the joint seal material.
4. Splice the seal using the heat welding method, placing the joint seal material ends against a Teflon heating iron
of 177° C for 7 to 10 seconds and pressing the ends together tightly.
5. Install the joint seal material in one piece.
6. Begin installation at the joint’s low end. Install the joint seal material by compressing the material and pushing
it down into the joint opening until it has recessed approximately 6 mm below the deck surface. Do not push
the joint seal material into the joint at an angle that will stretch the seal material.
7. After starting to install the joint seal material, do not stop until installation is done.
8. Immediately and thoroughly clean off excess epoxy from the surface of the joint material. Do not use solvents
to clean the top surface of the joint seal material.
26.6.4 Construction of Strip Seal Expansion Joints

Strip seal expansion joints shall seal a deck’s surface to prevent moisture and other contaminants from descending onto
pier and abutment caps. Strip joints shall securely anchor the joint assembly to the bridge deck, preventing any
appreciable changes in the deck surface caused by bridge expansion and contraction. Deformation of the joint’s
elastomeric gland shall take all of the bridge deck’s expansion and contraction movements.
The Contractor shall obtain installation instructions from the supplier of the strip seal expansion joint material and
comply with specified procedures to install such joints. The Engineer shall approve the design and installation
procedure for any strip seal expansion joints before the Contractor installs them. When the Contractor installs the strip
seal expansion joint, a field representative for the joint’s Manufacturer shall be on hand to provide technical assistance.
During joint installation, the Contractor shall make proper adjustments, as indicated on the Contract drawings, for
temperature.
Installation of strip seal type expansion joint assemblies shall comply with the Contract plans. After paving the bridge
deck, the Contractor shall make saw cuts across the asphaltic pavement for an approved side headers (if required) and
break out the asphaltic concrete between these cuts. After removing a strip of asphaltic pavement from between saw
cuts, the Contractor shall prevent construction traffic from crossing the joint until installation of headers is complete.
The elastomeric strip seal’s gland may be installed in the field. The Contractor shall mechanically lock the gland
component into place.
The strip seal joint shall conform to the finished grade of the bridge deck. Its elastomeric component shall be recessed
sufficiently from the finished grade of the bridge deck under all combinations of motion and skew angles to prevent
protrusion above the deck when the joint is closed. The Contractor shall consider the effects of horizontal curvature,
vertical curvature, and skew angles to properly size and install a joint.
Installed joints shall be watertight.
The Contractor shall not start any work or install any joint seals for the Project until a trained factory representative is
on the job site to provide direction and assistance throughout the installation work. The Contractor shall notify the joint
Manufacturer of the scheduled installation at least two weeks in advance. This factory representative shall be present for
Page 26-29
the installation of the first joint seal and any number of succeeding joint seals until they are satisfied that the Contractor
is proficient in this work.
Curb-parapet sections of strip seals or sealing systems shall be pre-engineered and approved by the Engineer.
The Contractor shall warn all personnel against breathing adhesive and solvent vapours. They shall also warn personnel
to avoid letting such adhesive and solvent contact their skin or eyes. Application of adhesive and solvents shall take
place only in well-ventilated areas. The Contractor shall keep all adhesives and solvents away from heat, sparks, and
open flames. The Contractor shall follow all the Manufacturer's safety precautions as shown on container labels.
Misplaced adhesive shall be immediately removed and seals shall be cleaned of all foreign matter.
26.6.5 Construction of Finger Type Expansion Joint

The Contractor shall obtain installation instructions from the supplier of the finger type expansion joint and shall
comply with the procedures specified in the installation of the joint. The Contractor shall obtain the technical assistance
of a field representative from the Manufacturer of the joint during its installation. Proper adjustment shall be made for
temperature at the time of installation as indicated on the Contract plans.
The superstructure shall be in place and all post-tensioning shall be completed before the installation of the finger type
expansion joint. Further, the joint shall be installed before the installation of the asphaltic concrete wearing surface.
Finger type joint assemblies shall be installed in concrete blockouts as indicated on the Contract plans and as approved
by the Engineer. All assemblies shall be set in concrete with a bonded construction joint as specified in Article 21.3.4.4
of Chapter 21, Concrete Structures, of these Standard Specifications. The Contractor shall prevent traffic from crossing
the joint until such time as he has installed the joint assembly, as recommended by the joint Manufacturer, and the
curing of all concrete has been completed.
26.6.6 Construction of Elastomeric Expansion Joints

The Contractor shall obtain installation instructions from the supplier of the expansion joint material and comply with
the procedures specified in the installation of the joint. Shop drawings shall be submitted to the Engineer for approval.
The adequacy of the joint design and installation details shall meet with the approval of the Engineer. The Contractor
shall obtain the technical assistance of a field representative from the Manufacturer of the joint during its installation.
Proper adjustment shall be made for temperature at the time of installation as indicated on the Contract plans.
Joint assemblies shall be installed after the asphaltic pavement has been laid. Before the asphaltic pavement is laid the
Contractor shall cover the joint opening with a strip of thin rigid material and a strip of strong paper or plastic equal in
width to the joint assembly plus the header (if required) on each side. After the paving is finished, saw cuts shall be
made by the Contractor across the asphaltic pavement either side of the joint plus side headers, and the asphaltic
concrete between these cuts shall be broken out. The protective strips shall then be removed and the concrete surfaces
thoroughly cleaned prior to installation of the joint assembly. Once the strip of asphaltic pavement is removed from
between the saw cuts, the Contractor shall prevent construction traffic from crossing the joint until such time as he has
installed the joint assembly and the headers have been completed.
For the expansion joints specified, installation shall in no case be permitted until at least forty (40) days have elapsed
after completion of the concrete post-tensioning operation. Permanent fixing of the joints to the structure shall only be
carried out after the superstructure has been jacked to relieve the bearing shear and when the ambient temperature is
within the range of the joint Manufacturer's recommendations and as approved by the Engineer.
Concrete or metal surfaces on which the neoprene expansion joints are to be set shall be dry; clean and free from dirt,
grease, latency, and contaninants; level; and sound with no broken or spalled concrete. No joint shall be placed until the
Engineer has inspected and approved the seat conditions.
After coating the seat area with the specified sealant adhesive, the joint shall be positioned over the anchor bolts and the
nuts securely tightened. All loose or long anchor bolts shall be corrected in a manner approved by the Engineer.
All joints between units, around connecting bolts, and cavity plugs shall be carefully sealed with sealant in a neat
workmanlike manner to seal out water and protect against corrosion. Neoprene surfaces to be in contact with sealant
shall be buffed at the plant or wire brushed prior to installation to provide a bonding surface for the sealant.
Prior to filling the space in the bolt wells, the Engineer will inspect the anchor bolts and tightening of the nuts to the
Manufacturer's specified torque. Any wells sealed without the Engineer's approval shall be opened and redone at the
Contractor's expense.
The finished joint shall present a smooth, neat appearance with no protruding bolts or rough joints. Excess sealant shall
be wiped or scraped away before it becomes hard. Upon completion of an entire joint, the Contractor shall grind any
Page 26-30
uneven end butt connections flush. Any openings between butt ends not showing mastic to the top shall be cleaned and
filled with mastic. The end of the joint at the curb faces shall be caulked with mastic.
26.6.7 Construction of Modular Bridge Joint Systems

When constructing a modular bridge joint system (MBJS), the Contractor shall follow the Manufacturer’s written
installation guidelines and the guidelines outlined in this section.
26.6.7.1 Shipping and Handling Modular Bridge Joint Systems

Delivery of an MBJS to a job site and its storage at that site shall comply with the Manufacturer’s written
recommendations and directions from the Engineer. The Contractor shall ensure that all materials delivered to site is in
original unopened containers bearing the following information:
• Name of the Manufacturer
• Name of product
• Batch number, lot, etc.
The Contractor shall repair any damage to the corrosion protection system to the satisfaction of the Engineer. Seals shall
not be damaged or cut.
26.6.7.2 Pre-installation Inspection for Modular Bridge Joint Systems

Immediately before the installation of an MBJS, the Engineer shall inspect the MBJS and the blockout for the following
conditions:
a. Proper alignment
b. Complete bond between the seals and the steel
c. Proper placement and effectiveness of studs or other anchorage devices
d. Proper placement of elastomeric springs and bearings
e. Proper placement of waterproofing membranes, if included
f. Clearance between the bottoms of the MBJS’s support boxes and the surface of the blockout; clearance shall
be at least 75mm
Cutting a bridge deck’s reinforcing steel can compromise the structural integrity of the blockout; the Contractor shall
obtain approval from the Engineer before performing such cutting. The Engineer shall verify that reinforcing mesh or
bars are at least 50mm from the edgebeam or anchorages and do not prevent the flow of concrete around the MBJS.
No bends or kinks in the MBJS steel shall be allowed (except as required to follow the roadway crown and grades or to
accommodate sidewalks and traffic barriers). At no expense to the Owner, the Contractor shall repair or replace any
MBJS that exhibits bends or kinks to the Engineer’s satisfaction.
Seals that are not fully connected to an assembly’s steel shall be fully connected at the expense of the Contractor.
Headed concrete anchors shall be inspected visually and shall be given a light tap with a hammer. Any headed concrete
anchor that does not have a complete end weld or that does not emit a ringing sound when struck with a light hammer
tap shall be replaced. The Contractor shall carefully remove any headed concrete anchors along the length of the
edgebeam that are more than 25 mm from their intended locations, as shown on shop drawings, and any headed
concrete anchors that are more than 6 mm too high (reducing cover); after removing an incorrectly placed anchor, the
Contractor shall then weld a new anchor in the proper location. The Contractor shall bear the expense for all such
anchor replacement.
26.6.7.3 Installation of Modular Bridge Joint Systems

Before installing an MBJS, the Contractor shall protect the blockout and supporting system from damage and
construction traffic.
a. Setting a Gap Opening

An MBJS shall be installed at the proper gap opening, corresponding to the installation temperature, as shown on
approved shop drawings. The Contractor shall immediately remove opening devices after placing concrete.
Page 26-31
b. Formwork
The Contractor shall ensure that formwork prevents concrete from entering support boxes or from in any way impeding
free movement of the MBJS.
c. Supporting a Modular Bridge Joint System during Concrete Placement

An MBJS shall have full support throughout the placement of the concrete. Welds for temporary attachments to the
centrebeams or support bars that are used to erect the assembly must be removed and the surface ground shall be
smooth. If necessary, the Contractor shall repair the corrosion protection system for an MBJS to the satisfaction of the
Engineer using a method that the Engineer has approved. To reduce corrosion, an MBJS shall be electrically isolated by
preventing contact between the MBJS and the bridge deck’s steel reinforcement.
d. Placing Concrete for a Modular Bridge Joint System

Concrete shall be controlled, mixed, and handled as specified in Chapter 4, Concrete Works, and Chapter 21, Concrete
Structures. The blockout shall not include very-high-slump concrete. The Contractor shall not deposit concrete in forms
until the Engineer has inspected and approved the placement of the reinforcement, conduits, anchorages, and pre-
stressing steel.
If an installation site has a vertical grade, the Contractor shall first place concrete on the downhill side of the blockout.
Concrete shall be vibrated thoroughly to adequately consolidate concrete beneath the support boxes and edgebeams.
The Contractor shall be careful not to displace forms and reinforcing steel. Concrete shall not be placed during heavy
rain.
e. Finished Tolerances for a Modular Bridge Joint System

An MBJS shall be inspected after installation and again after at least one year of traffic (or longer if there is a warranty
period) to verify the following conditions:
• The MBJS’s top surfaces shall be recessed from the finished roadway profile from 0 mm to 6 mm.
• Elevations between the tops of centrebeams and edgebeams shall not differ by more than 3 mm. Such
variations shall be measured vertically from a straight line connecting the top of the deck profile on each side
of the MBJS.
• Gaps at either end of a seal or among the multiple gaps of an MBJS shall not differ by more than 12.5 mm.
f. Bridging a Modular Bridge Joint System after Installation

Construction loads shall not be allowed on the MBJS for at least 72 hours after installation is completed. If it is
necessary to cross the MBJS, the Contractor shall bridge over the MBJS in a manner approved by the Engineer.
g. Removal of Forms and Debris from a Modular Bridge Joint System

After installing a MBJS, the Contractor shall remove all forms and debris.
h. Watertightness Test for a Modular Bridge Joint System

If the Contract documents require such testing, the Contractor shall test an installed MBJS for watertightness. After an
MBJS has been installed and completed, the Contractor shall flood it for a at least one hour to a minimum depth of 76
mm. If a MBJS leaks, the Contractor shall repair it to the Engineer’s satisfaction and retest it at no expense to the
Owner. Such repair shall comply with a procedure recommended by the assembly’s Manufacturer that has been
approved by the Engineer.
i. Acceptance of Modular Bridge Joint System Installation

An MBJS that fails inspection or testing shall be replaced or repaired to the satisfaction of the Engineer at the
Contractor’s expense. Any proposed corrective procedure shall be submitted to the Engineer for approval before
corrective work is begun.
26.6.8 Construction of Fixed Joint Seal

The sealer shall be installed by suitable hand or machine tools and thoroughly secured in place with an approved
adhesive which shall cover both sides of the sealer over the full area in contact with the sides of the joint. The adhesive
may be applied to the sides of the joint or the sealer or both. The sealer shall be installed in a compressed condition and
shall at all times be below the level of the surface by approximately the amount shown on the Contract plans. The sealer
Page 26-32
shall be in one continuous piece for the full width of transverse joint prior to being installed in the joint. The continuous
piece for installation shall not have more than one (1) butt splice within its length. The butt splice shall be a
Manufacturer's splice. If this splice is torn or damaged it shall be repaired, prior to installation, using the Manufacturer's
recommended adhesive. In longitudinal joints the sealer shall be in practical lengths. Any joints in the sealer material
shall be adequately sealed with additional adhesive.
After installation and prior to final acceptance, deck joint seals shall be tested, in the presence of the Engineer, for
leakage of water through the joint. Any leakage of the joint shall be cause for rejection.
The sealer shall be installed immediately after the removal of the curing cover, using an adhesive that is compatible
with the sealer and the material of which the joint surfaces are composed. Temperature limitations of the adhesive as
guaranteed by the Manufacturer shall be observed. Joints shall be clean and free of foreign material immediately prior
to the installation of the sealer.
No shipment of materials shall be accepted for use unless the material complies with the requirements of these standard
specifications.
The materials shall not be used until the Contractor has been notified by the Engineer that they meet the requirements of
these standard specifications.
26.6.9 Construction of Asphaltic Plug Joint

1. Joints shall be finished nominally flush with the road surface within the tolerance of the asphaltic surfacing
specification.
2. Joint material shall be consolidated during installation in accordance with the manufacturer’s method
statement.
3. Joints shall be installed between inside faces of opposing bridge railing on the deck structure to ensure
continuity of waterproofing.
4. When completed the joint shall prevent the passage of water into the joint gap.
26.7 Warranty and Maintenance for Bridge Deck Joint Systems

The Contractor shall obtain a ten year warranty period from the Manufacturer for all type of bridge deck joint systems
that are installed for the Project. Such warranties shall cover all elements of the bridge deck joint system. During this
ten year period, warranties cover any defective workmanship and product failure in accordance with the loading criteria
of the structure, which should be certified before the recommendation of the specific joint system.
The Contractor shall provide certification from the Manufacturer of bridge deck joint systems that shows that the joint
system materials conform to the requirements outlined in Section 26.4. The Contractor shall transfer to the Owner the
Manufacturer’s ten years warranty on each installation. A warranty claim may be filed for the cohesive or adhesive
failure of the materials supplied or material failure due to weathering, and surface crazing, abrasion or tear failure
resulting from normal traffic use.
The Contractor shall inspect any bridge deck joint system that are installed on the Project within one year of opening to
traffic and perform any required maintenance to ensure the joint system’s functionality and durability.
For the rest of the warranty period, if deficiencies are found, the Owner may inform the Manufacturer through the
Contractor in writing of any defects and specify a required completion date for repairs.
The joint system Manufacturer shall provide guidelines and manuals to support routine maintenance and replacement of
the joint system and to support resolution of any concerns during the warranty period.
26.8 Documentation for Bridge Deck Joint Systems

The Contractor shall provide all necessary documentation for approval of the design, manufacture, and installation of a
bridge desk joint system and for the long term inspection, maintenance, and potential replacement of such system. Such
documentation shall include the following:
• Designs
• Working drawings
• Inspection and test plans
• A certificate of compliance from the Manufacturer
Page 26-33
• Certified documentation of the structure’s loading criteria and load tests

• Quality records
• As-installed details, including tabulated benchmark measurements that will allow the movement of the
structure to be monitored during operation
• Procedures for the inspection of the joint system
• Procedures for maintenance
• A fully detailed method statement for the replacement of the bridge deck joint system
• Risk assessments and appropriate safety information.
Page 26-34
Index
adhesives, 5, 14, 30 Lifting locations, 12
anchor bolts, 5, 18, 23, 30 modular bridge joint systems, 5
Anchorage, 25 molded units, 5, 16
Blockouts, 27 movement ranges, 5
brochures, 11 movements, 5, 6, 9, 11, 13, 16, 29
centerbeams, 5, 6 Oil Deterioration, 16
certification, 10, 11, 12, 26, 33 recesses, 5
Compatibility, 8, 13, 19, 23 riding surface, 14, 19, 23, 28
compression seal expansion joints, 5 Risk assessments, 34
concrete headers, 27 saw cuts, 26, 29, 30
Corrosion Protection, 16, 26 sealants, 5
deck surfaces, 5 sealed joints, 5, 19
Department of Transport, 26-3 smooth ride, 26
Design calculations, 12 springs, 5, 6, 12, 18, 31
documentation, 10, 33, 34 stainless, 6, 18, 25, 26
Documentation, 12, 33 steel components, 13, 15, 16, 18
Drainage Collector, 15 strip seal, 5, 11, 14, 15, 16, 17, 29
edgebeams, 5, 25, 32 structural steel angles, 5
elastomeric expansion joints, 5, 16, 17, 24 studs, 5, 31
epoxies, 5, 18 support boxes, 5, 6, 25, 31, 32
Epoxy mortar, 18 temporary, 12, 24, 28, 29, 32
extruded steel channels, 5 traffic, 10, 12, 19, 25, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33
finger type expansion joints, 5, 15 two-component, 13, 14, 19, 23
fixed joint seals, 5 warranty, 32, 33
formwork, 32 water tightness, 5
Hardness, 8, 15, 16, 20 Welding, 7, 12, 19
installation, 6, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 19, 24, 25, 26, wheel loads, 5, 16
27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33
Page 26-35

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Vol 3B.2 General Spec AD-C-01 - PART 3-CHAPTER-26

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STANDARD CONSTRUCTION

Document Number: AD-C-01

DOCUMENT NO: AD-C-01

Document Development Consultant: Parsons International Limited

CHAPTER 26 - BRIDGE DECK JOINT SYSTEMS

DOCUMENT NO: AD-C-01

Chapter 26: Bridge Deck Joint Systems

26 BRIDGE DECK JOINT SYSTEMS

26.1 General Description

26.1.2 Other Type of Expansion and Fixed Joints

26.1.2.1 Strip Seal Type Expansion Joints

26.1.2.2 Finger Type Expansion Joints

26.1.2.3 Elastomeric Expansion Joints

26.1.2.4 Modular Bridge Joint Systems (MBJS)

26.1.2.5 Fixed Joint Seal

26.1.3 Asphaltic Plug Joint (APJ)

26.1.4 Poured Joint Seals

26.1.5 Dimensions and Movement Ratings

26.1.8 Proposed Subcontractor

26.1.9 Materials Compliance

26.2 Reference Standards and Codes

ASTM D471 - 12 Standard Test Method for Rubber Property—Effect of Liquids

ASTM D638 - 10 Standard Test Method for Tensile Properties of Plastics

ASTM D113 - 07 Standard Test Method for Ductility of Bituminous Materials

26.3 Submittals for Bridge Deck Joint Systems

26.3.1 Working Drawing Submissions

26.3.2 Submittals for Joint Sealing Systems

26.3.3 Submittals for Strip Seal Type Expansion Joints

26.3.4 Submittals for Finger Type Expansion Joints

26.3.5 Submittals for Elastomeric Expansion Joints

26.3.6 Submittals for Modular Bridge Joint System

d. All ASTM, AASHTO, or other material designations

26.3.7 Submittals for Fixed Joint Seals

26.3.8 Submittals for Asphaltic Plug Type Joint

26.4 Materials for Bridge Deck Joint Systems

26.4.1 Compression Seal Expansion Joints

26.4.2 Preformed Elastomeric Neoprene Profile Seal Expansion Joints

26.4.3 Low-density, Closed Cell, Cross-Linked, Nitrogen-blown Seal

Test Requirements Test method

Tensile strength 0.80 MPa ASTM D3575 - 08 (Suffix T)

Elongation at break 255% min. ASTM D3575 - 08 (Suffix T)

Tear strength 20 kN/m ASTM D624 - 00(2012)

Density 45 to 54 kg/m3 ASTM D3575 - 08

Property ASTM Value

Tensile strength ASTM C881 / C881M - 10 24 MPa (minimum)

Compressive strength ASTM D695 - 10 48 MPa (minimum)

Shore D hardness ASTM D2240 - 05(2010) 75

Water absorption ASTM D570 - 98(2010)e1 0.25% by weight

Bond strength ASTM C882 / C882M - 12 2.97 MPa

26.4.4 Strip Seal Type Expansion Joints

Table 26-4: Physical properties of the strip seal gland

Physical property ASTM test method Requirements

Tensile strength (minimum) ASTM D412 - 06ae2 13.8 MPa

Elongation @ break % (minimum) ASTM D412 - 06ae2 250 %

ASTM D2240 - 05(2010)

26.4.5 Finger Type Expansion Joints

26.4.6 Elastomeric Expansion Joints

Property ASTM Test Method Performance Requirements

Tensile Strength ASTM D412 - 06ae2 12.3 MPa minimum

Elongation at break ASTM D412 - 06ae2 400%, minimum

Hardness, Type A Durometer ASTM D2240 - 05(2010) 50 ± 5 points,

ASTM D395 - 03(2008)

Low Temperature ASTM D746 - 07 Not brittle at -40°C