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Table of contents
1. INTRODUCTION ...................................................................................................................................................... 2
1.1. AIM ................................................................................................................................................................... 2
1.2. SCOPE ............................................................................................................................................................. 2
2. REFERENCES ......................................................................................................................................................... 2
3. DEFINITIONS AND ACRONYMS ............................................................................................................................ 4
4. GENERAL ................................................................................................................................................................. 4
4.1. ALTERNATIVES TO STRUCTURAL STEELS - EN 10025 ............................................................................. 5
4.2. ALTERNATIVE GRADES OF PLATES AND SHAPES.................................................................................... 6
4.3. ALTERNATIVE GRADES OF HOLLOW STRUCTURAL SECTIONS ............................................................. 8
5. ALTERNATIVES FOR EUROPEAN GRADES OF HR AND COLD WORKED SHEET FOR COLD DRAWING .... 9
5.1. EUROPEAN GRADES ALTERNATIVES FOR EUROPEAN COLD FORMED GRADES. .............................. 9
5.2. ALTERNATIVES FOR EUROPEAN HOT AND COLD ROLLED GRADES................................................... 10
6. ALTERNATIVE FOR EUROPEAN HOT DIP GALVANIZED STEELS ................................................................... 10
7. ANNEX.................................................................................................................................................................... 12
7.1. ANNEX I – DRAWING NOTES ...................................................................................................................... 12
1. INTRODUCTION
1.1. AIM
This specification defines the alternative materials to those indicated in design drawing to be checked in case of
discrepancy between defined material and those proposed by the manufacturer according to the availability in each
market/region.
If the supplier proposes a material that is not shown on this specification the acceptance shall be given by means of
a Deviation Request.
1.2. SCOPE
This specification is applicable to nacelle and hub structures, and tower internals, only when specifically called out in
the drawings, according to the drawing note showed in 7.1 - ANNEX I – DRAWING NOTES, or when referenced in
other requirements document.
This specification comprises alternatives to steels defined in [Ref 1], [Ref 2], [Ref 3], [Ref 4] and [Ref 5].
2. REFERENCES
This specification incorporates dated or undated reference provisions from other publications. For dated references,
subsequent amendments to or revisions of any of these publications apply to this specification only when
incorporated in it by amendment of revision. For undated references the latest edition of the publication referred shall
be applied.
[Ref 1] EN 10025-2 - Hot rolled products of structural steels – Part 2: Technical delivery conditions for non-alloy
structural steels
[Ref 2] EN 10025-3 – Hot rolled products of structural steels – Part 3: Technical delivery conditions for
normalized/normalized rolled weldable fine grain structural steels
[Ref 3] EN 10130 - Cold Rolled low carbon steel flat products for cold forming - Technical delivery conditions
[Ref 4] EN 10346 – Continuously hot-dip coated steel flat products for cold forming – Technical delivery conditions
[Ref 5] EN 10111 - Continuously hot-rolled low carbon steel sheet and strip for cold forming - technical delivery
conditions
[Ref 6] EN 10204 – Metallic products – Types of inspection documents
[Ref 7] EN 1993-1-10 - Eurocode 3: Design of steel structures- Part 1-10: Material toughness and through-
thickness properties
[Ref 8] EN 10210-1 - Hot finished structural hollow sections of non-alloy and fine grain steels.
[Ref 9] EN 10219-1 - Cold formed welded structural hollow sections of non-alloy and fine grain steels.
[Ref 10] EN 10296 - Welded circular steel tubes for mechanical and general engineering purposes. Non-alloy and
alloy steel tubes.
[Ref 11] EN 10297 - Seamless circular steel tubes for mechanical and general engineering purposes. Non-alloy and
alloy steel tubes
[Ref 12] EN 10305 - Steel tubes for precision applications – Technical delivery conditions
[Ref 13] ISO 5817 - Welding-fusion-welded joints in steel, nickel, titanium and their alloys-quality levels for
imperfections
[Ref 14] ASTM A6/A6M - Specification for general requirements for rolled structural steel bars, plates, shapes, and
sheet piling
[Ref 15] ASTM A36/A36M - Standard Specification for carbon structural steel
[Ref 16] ASTM A283/A283M - Standard specification for low and intermediate tensile strength carbon steel plates
[Ref 17] ASTM A572/A572M - Standard specification for high strength low-alloy Columbium-Vanadium structural
steel
[Ref 18] ASTM A573/A573M - Standard specification for structural carbon steel plates of improved toughness
[Ref 19] ASTM A659/A659M - Commercial Steel (CS), sheet and strip, carbon (0.16 to 0.25 maximum percent), hot
rolled
[Ref 20] ASTM A992/A992M - Standard specification for structural steel shapes
[Ref 21] ASTM A53/A53M - Standard specification for pipe, steel, black and hot-dipped, zinc-coated, welded and
seamless
[Ref 22] ASTM A500/A500M - Standard specification for cold-formed welded and seamless carbon steel structural
tubing in rounds and shapes
[Ref 23] ASTM A501/A501M - Standard specification for hot-formed welded and seamless carbon steel structural
tubing
[Ref 24] ASTM A529/A529M - Standard specification for high-strength carbon-manganese steel of structural quality
[Ref 25] ASTM A633/A633M - Standard specification for normalized high-strength low-alloy structural steel plates
[Ref 26] ASTM A1011/A1011M - Standard Specification for Steel, Sheet and Strip, Hot-Rolled, Carbon, Structural,
High-Strength Low-Alloy, High-Strength Low-Alloy with Improved Formability, and Ultra-High Strength
[Ref 27] ASTM A1008/A1008M - Standard Specification for Steel, Sheet, Cold-Rolled, Carbon, Structural, High-
Strength Low-Alloy, High-Strength Low-Alloy with Improved Formability, Solution Hardened, and Bake
Hardenable
[Ref 28] ASTM A568/A568M - Standard specification for steel, sheet, carbon, structural, and high-strength, low-
alloy, hot-rolled and cold-rolled, general requirements.
[Ref 29] GB/T 700 - Carbon structural steels
[Ref 30] GB/T 1591 - High strength low alloy structural steels
[Ref 31] BIS IS 2062 – Hot rolled medium and high tensile structural steel – specification
[Ref 32] GMS61210 – Hollow sections of non-alloy steel
[Ref 33] Q/ASB 312 – Cold rolled low carbon steel for cold forming (EN, DIN)
[Ref 34] SAE J403 – Chemical compositions of SAE carbon steels
[Ref 35] BIS IS 1079 – Hot Rolled Carbon Steel Sheet and Strip
[Ref 36] Q/BQB 420 – Hot-dip galvanizing/zinc-iron alloy/zinc-magnesium alloy coated steel sheet and strip
[Ref 37] BIS IS 277 – Galvanized Steel Sheets (Plain and Corrugated) – Specification
[Ref 38] NBR 7008 – Steel-Coated Coils and Plates with Zinc or Zinc-Iron Alloy by Hot-Dip Continuous Process
Immersion
[Ref 39] NBR 8261 – Carbon steel tubes, with and without welding, circular section, rectangular or square for
structural purposes – Requirements
[Ref 40] BIS IS 4923 – Hollow steel sections for structural use – Specification
[Ref 41] ASTM A106 - Standard specification for seamless carbon steel pipe for high-temperature service
[Ref 42] BIS IS 513 – Cold reduced low carbon steel sheet and strip
[Ref 43] GB/T 8162 – Seamless steel tubes for structural purposes
[Ref 44] GB/T 6728 – Cold formed steel hollow sections for general structure – Dimensions, shapes, weight and
permissible deviations
[Ref 45] GB/T 2518 – Continuously hot-dip zinc-coated steel sheet and strip
[Ref 46] GB/T 13793 – Steel pipes with a longitudinal electric (resistance) weld
E% - Elongation
YS - Yield Strength
TS - Tensile Strength
CS - Commercial steel.
DS - Drawing steel.
4. GENERAL
Raw materials delivered against this specification shall be followed of a raw material certificate that complies with the
formalistic requirements of EN-10204, certificate type 3.1, having the chemical composition and mechanical
properties clearly defined. When needed, chemical composition and mechanical test reports or the proof to comply
with other supplementary requirements shall be attached to the certificate and shall make reference to the heat
number declared on the steel mill certificate.
Each purchase order delivered to SGRE must include all relevant certificates, supplier shall keep a traceability in
which following information must be available:
o Reference number
o Heat/batch number
o Material certificate number
o Test Report number (if needed when there are supplementary requirements)
o Traceability of the parts (or purchase orders) manufactured with these materials.
Unless otherwise specified in the part drawing or in other product specification, the surface condition of the steel
plates must comply with Class A, Subclass 3 of EN 10163-2. The beams (sections) must comply with Class C,
Subclass 3 of EN 10163-3. Repair of surface defects by welding is not allowed.
Depending on the criticity of the component, SGRE reserves the right to carry out tests at external laboratories to
assure that the product complies with the requirements.
In Table 4.1 and Table 4.2 it is shown the different alternatives for a structural steel specified in drawing for one
specific part considering the requirements for Charpy Impact temperatures and the use of higher strength grades.
The information on Table 4.1 and Table 4.2 apply only to parts not subjected to cold bending processes. For parts
subject to cold bending processes the direct equivalence of the steel grades in Table 4.3 must be used. For cold bent
parts it is not allowed to use steel grades of higher tensile properties than the specified in the drawing.
Regardless of the part manufacturing process, for the same steel grade strength, the use of subgrades of higher
impact energies is allowed without deviation. As an example, if it is specified a S355JR, it can be used as well the
subgrades J0, J2 or K2.
The validity of each material is determined by the yield strength and the thickness of each part. One different material
than the specified in drawing could be accepted if this alternative material has the same or more yield strength and
it is within the range of thickness indicated in the tables depending on the minimal temperature at which part must
be exposed.
This range of thickness has been adopted according to [Ref 7] and it is valid for parts designed for minimum survival
temperature of -30ºC in the case of Table 4.1 and -40ºC in the case of Table 4.2. These values are not valid for lower
temperatures.
Table 4.1 - Validity of alternative material in Europe for minimum survival temperature of -30ºC for parts not
manufactured by cold bending
S235J0 OK OK e≤40
S235J2 OK OK OK
S275JR e≤25 e≤25 e≤25 OK e≤25 e≤25
S275J0 OK e≤35 e≤35 OK OK e≤35
S275J2 OK OK e≤55 OK OK OK
S355JR e≤15 e≤15 e≤15 e≤15 e≤15 e≤15 OK e≤15 e≤15
S355J0 e≤25 e≤25 e≤25 OK e≤25 e≤25 OK OK e≤25
S355J2 OK OK e≤40 OK OK e≤40 OK OK OK
As an example, a part not manufactured by cold bending which must withstand -30ºC, with 20mm thickness and raw
material specified as S235J2, can be manufactured in S235JR, S235J0, S275JR, S275J0, S275J2, S355J0 or
S355J2 but not in S355JR. However, if the thickness of the part is 50mm, only S235J2 and S275J2 are valid.
Table 4.2 - Validity of alternative material in Europe for minimum survival temperature of -40ºC for parts not
manufactured by cold bending
S235J0 OK OK e≤35
S235J2 OK OK OK
S275JR e≤20 e≤20 e≤20 OK e≤20 e≤20
S275J0 OK e≤30 e≤30 OK OK e≤30
S275J2 OK OK e≤45 OK OK OK
S355JR e≤15 e≤15 e≤15 e≤15 e≤15 e≤15 OK e≤15 e≤15
S355J0 e≤20 e≤20 e≤20 OK e≤20 e≤20 OK OK e≤20
S355J2 OK OK e≤35 OK OK e≤35 OK OK OK
As an example, a part not manufactured by cold bending which must withstand -40ºC, with thickness ≤ 15mm and
raw material specified as S355J2, can be manufactured by S355J2, S355J0 or S355JR. However, if the thickness of
the part is 20mm, only S355J0 and S355J2 are valid.
It is important to remind that for cold bent parts it is not allowed to use steel grades of higher tensile properties than
the specified in the drawing, but it could be used higher impact grades. For example, if a drawing of a cold bent part
requires the use of S235 J0 a supplier in China can use only Q235C or Q235D. The use of other grades must be
evaluated under deviation request.
The application of the supplementary requirements can be evaluated by the materials engineer for specific cases.
Evaluation of the CEV can be done using the material composition info shown on the raw material certificate and
shall be calculated according to the formula below:
Mn Cr+Mo+V Ni+Cu
CEV = C + + +
6 5 15
When supplementary impact requirements are needed, the tests shall be done following the instructions of the
standard of the European grade, [Ref 1] or [Ref 2].
* In 2018 an updated version of GB/T 1591 was released and the grade Q345 was substituted by the grade Q355.
Materials that still carry the old designation, Q345, can be accepted too.
The equivalences shown herein are related only to steel grade and mechanical properties. Is there are differences
in the dimensions of the specified hollow section and the proposed one this shall be approved by a deviation request.
Table 4.4 shows the equivalences for hollow structural sections that are hot rolled/formed or hot finished.
Table 4.4 - Equivalence grades for HSS Hot finished/rolled tubular sections
Supplementary
requirements
EN10210 ALTERNATIVE STANDARD GRADE/DESIGNATION
Max. CEV
Impact
%
JRH -
J0H ASTM A501 Grade A -
J2H 27J, -20ºC
JRH ASTM A106 Grade B, C -
JRH NBR 82611,3 Type S – Grades A, B -
S235
JRH NBR 82612,3 Type S – Grades B or C -
JRH IS 49234 HF YST 240 / 310 -
JRH Q235 B -
J0H GB/T 8162 Q235 C 0,45 -
J2H Q235 D -
JRH -
J0H ASTM A501 Grade B -
J2H 27J, -20ºC
S355 JRH NBR 82611,3 Type S – Grade C -
JRH Q345 B -
J0H GB/T 8162 Q345 C -
J2H Q345 D -
1 Square or rectangular HSS
2 Circular HSS
3 The use of NBR 8261 Type S as alternative to EN 10210 is based on the assumption that the seamless tubes are hot
Table 4.5 shows the equivalences for hollow structural sections that are cold finished.
Table 4.5 - Equivalence grades for HSS cold worked tubular sections
Supplementary
ALTERNATIVE
EN10219 GRADE/DESIGNATION requirements
STANDARD
Max. CEV % Impact
JRH ASTM A53 Grade B -
J0H ASTM A500 Grade A, B, D -
EN 10296-1/
J2H EN 10297-1/ E235 -
EN 10305-1/2
JRH NBR 82611 Type E – Grades A, B -
JRH NBR 82612 Type E – Grades B or C -
JRH IS 49233 CF YST 240 / 310 -
S235
JRH Q235 B -
J0H GB/T 6728 Q235 C -
J2H Q235 D -
JRH Q235 B -
GB/T 13793
J0H Q235 C -
JRH Q235 B -
J0H GB/T 3094 Q235 C 0,45 -
J2H Q235 D -
JRH ASTM A500 Grade C -
J0H EN 10305-1/2 E355 -
EN 10296-1/
J2H E355+N -
EN10297-1
JRH NBR 82611 Type E – Grade C -
JRH Q345 B -
S355 J0H GB/T 6728 Q345 C -
J2H Q345 D -
JRH Q345 B -
GB/T 13793
J0H Q345 C -
JRH Q345 B -
J0H GB/T 3094 Q345 C -
J2H Q345 D -
1 Square or rectangular HSS
2 Circular HSS
3 Phosphorous and Sulfur shall be controlled to a maximum 0.035% each.
ALTERNATIVE
MATERIALS
DD12 OK OK
DD13 OK OK
DD14 OK OK
S235JR OK OK
S235J0 OK OK
S235J2 OK OK
Alternative
Standard/Grade Grade / Designation Supplementary Requirements
Standard
DC01 DC01 (St12) -
DC03 DC03 (St13) -
DC04 DC04 (St14) YS < 210 MPa
Q/ASB 312
DC05 DC05 (St15) YS < 180 MPa
DC06 DC06 (St16) YS < 170 MPa, TS 270 - 330 MPa
EN 10130
DC07 St17 -
DC01 ASTM DS types A/B -
DC04 A1008 DDS types A/C -
DC06 (A568) EDDS -
DC01 SAE 1008 -
SAE J 403
DC04 SAE 1006 -
DC01 CR1 YS > 235 MPa, E% > 28%
BIS IS 513
DC03 CR2 (D) E% > 34%
DD11 ASTM CS Type B -
A1011
DD13 DS Type B -
EN 10111
(A568)
DD11 SAE 1010 -
DD12 SAE 1008 -
SAE J 403
DD13 SAE 1006 -
DD14 SAE 1006 -
DD13 BIS IS 1079 DD (HR3) YS > 170 MPa, E% > 33%
Table 6.1 - Alternative grades for European Hot Dip Coated Steels
Alternative Grade /
Standard/Grade Supplementary Requirements
Standard Designation
DX51D DC51D E% > 22%
DX52D DC52D --
DX53D DC53D -
Q/BQB 420
DX54D DC54D YS: 120-220 MPa, TS: 260-350 MPa
DX56D DC56D -
EN 10346
DX57D DC57D -
S220GD S220GD -
S250GD S250GD -
S280GD GB/T 2518 S280GD -
S320GD S320GD -
S350GD S350GD -
DX51D NBR 7008 ZC -
DX51D O TS: 270-500, E% > 22%
BIS IS 2771
DX53D GPD YS: 140-260 MPa, TS: 270-380 MPa
1According to BIS IS 277 the base metal of plain galvanized sheets and coils can be specified also according to BIS IS 1079 or
BIS IS 513 – in those cases the mechanical properties of the selected grade shall comply to the mechanical properties of the steel
grade defined in the drawing according to EN 10346.
The zinc coating thickness considering in the drawing shall be the same for the alternative steel grade. In Table 6.2
there is an explanation of the coating thickness nomenclature used in EN 10346 and the equivalency to the Chinese
standard.
Table 6.2 - Coating Thickness Designation
Apart of the information contained on Table 6.1 and Table 6.2 the grade designation on the drawings can bring
supplementary information that should be fulfilled. The meaning of this supplementary information is explained in EN
10346 and in Table 6.3.
Designation acc.
Meaning
to EN 10346
C Chemical passivation
O Oil application
CO Chemical passivation + oil application
P Phosphated
PO Phosphated and oiled
S Sealed
N Normal Spangle
M Minimum Spangle
A As coated surface
B Improved surface
C Best quality surface
A surface quality “A” is where small erosion points, dark points and smaller chromate passivation
treatment defects and minimized particles are allowed. A quality “B” surface is where slight press marks, scratch zinc
flow and slight chromate passivation defects and zinc coating over-thickness are allowed. This quality level is reached
by skin pass process. The quality “C” where the defects of better surface must be limited. This is, if cannot influence
appearance quality after paint coating and should have even and proper paint coating. On the other surface, it should
keep B surface at least.
7. ANNEX