Learning Competencies:

• Discuss that understanding the intensity and

differentiation of emotions may help in
communicating emotional expressions.
• Explore one’s positive and negative emotions
and how one expresses or hides them.
Emotion is a subjective state
of mind triggered by a certain
stimuli or events which occur
in the environment.
It is a reaction to a certain
event that happens.
Emotions can be observed
through body language and facial
expressions, which explains how
you feel or how are you doing at
that moment.

Through analyzing and reading

facial expressions you may be
able to understand what a
person is feeling.
Charles Darwin’s book The Expression
of Emotions in Man and Animals
(1872) suggested seven universal
emotions associated with facial
expressions.

These emotions are surprise, sadness,

disgust, happiness, fright, anger, and
contempt.
1. Joy 5. Trust
2. Sadness 6. Disgust
3. Anger 7. Surprise
4. Fear 8. Anticipation
Emotional intensity refers to
variations in the magnitude of
emotional responses, an extreme
degree of feeling.

Therefore, the intensity of emotion

identifies the action an individual
will have. Intensity ranges from
mild, moderate to strong.
According to Psychologist Robert
Plutchik, there are 8 basic types of
emotions which was grouped into four
pairs of opposites: such as joy-sadness,
anger-fear, trust-disgust, and surprise-
anticipation.
Plutchik also authored the "wheel of
emotions" which was illustrated like the
color wheel. According to Plutchik,
emotions can be combined to form
different feelings. For instance, a
combination of joy and trust creates
love, contempt is a blend of anger and
disgust.
Plutchik describes the inner
circle as the strongest
emotions, the next circle are
the basic emotions which
has moderate intensity, and
the outer circle are the
emotions with the mildest
intensity.
Another emotion was
created as a result of a
combination of two basic
emotions.
when two basic emotions on the second circle were combined, it results to another emotion
Is there any biological explanation
of the emotions?
The limbic system controls emotion,
memories, and arousal.
The almond-shaped section of
nervous tissue called amygdala is
the center of emotional processing.
It is responsible for the perception
of emotions such as anger, fear, and
sadness, as well as the controlling of
aggression. It stores value
judgments we make and memories
of behaviors that produce positive
and negative experiences.
Emotional intelligence is defined as the capacity to be
aware of, control, and express one's emotions, and to
handle interpersonal relationships judiciously and
empathetically. Therefore, it is the key to both
personal and professional success.
The term Emotional Intelligence (EI) was
created by two researchers – Peter Salovey
and John Mayer but was popularized by Daniel
Goleman in his 1995 book Emotional
Intelligence: Why It Can Matter More Than IQ.

For Goleman EI is the ability to:

1) Recognize, understand, and manage our
own emotions;
2) Recognize, understand and influence the
emotions of others.
Five essential elements of emotional intelligence
Self-awareness - knowing what one is feeling at any given time
and understanding the impact those moods have
on others.
Self-regulation - controlling or redirecting one’s emotions;
anticipating consequences before acting
on impulse.
Motivation - utilizing emotional factors to achieve goals,
enjoy the learning process and persevere in the
face of obstacles.
Empathy - sensing the emotions of others.
Social skills - managing relationships, inspiring others and
inducing desired responses from them.
Positive emotions are emotions that we
typically find pleasurable to experience.

The Oxford Handbook of Positive Psychology

defines them as “pleasant
or desirable situational responses… distinct
from pleasurable sensation and
undifferentiated positive affect” (Cohn &
Fredrickson, 2009).
 • Love
• Joy
• Satisfaction
• Contentment
• Interest
• Amusement
• Happiness
• Serenity
• Awe
Negative emotions are those that we
typically do not find pleasurable to
experience. Negative emotions can be
defined as “as an unpleasant or
unhappy emotion which is evoked in
individuals to express a negative effect
towards an event or person” (Pam,
2013).
 • Fear
• Anger
• Disgust
• Sadness
• Rage
• Loneliness
• Melancholy
• Annoyance
Positive and negative emotions both have different
impacts in the brain.

As vital as it is for us to learn how to boost our

positive emotions and take advantage of the
opportunities they bring, it is just as vital to learn
how to adapt from negative emotions and cope with
them effectively.

When we accept, embrace, and act both our

positive and our negative emotions, we give
ourselves the best chance to live a balanced,
meaningful life.