Chapter​ ​5:​ ​Joints

STUDY​ ​TIP:​ ​Create​ ​a​ ​web​ ​with​ ​‘JOINTS’​ ​as​ ​the​ ​center​ ​term.​ ​From​ ​there,​ ​branch​ ​into​ ​two:​ ​movement​ ​and
structure.​ ​Then,​ ​split​ ​movement​ ​and​ ​structure​ ​into​ ​their​ ​subcategories.​ ​Be​ ​sure​ ​to​ ​leave​ ​plenty​ ​of​ ​room​ ​for
synovial​ ​joints,​ ​as​ ​there​ ​are​ ​six​ ​examples.​ ​Include​ ​examples​ ​in​ ​a​ ​different​ ​colour.

Joints​ ​Classified​ ​by​ ​Movement​​ ​(how​ ​much​ ​movement​ ​each​ ​joint​ ​allows)
1. Synarthroses​:​ ​immoveable
2. Amphiarthroses​:​ ​slightly​ ​moveable
3. Diarthroses​:​ ​freely​ ​moveable

Joints​ ​Classified​ ​by​ ​Structure​​ ​(how​ ​the​ ​bones​ ​are​ ​attached)

1. Fibrous​:​ ​fixed
a. Suture​ ​(in​ ​skull)
b. Syndesmosis​ ​(between​ ​tibia​ ​and​ ​fibula)
2. Cartilaginous​:​ ​can​ ​move​ ​a​ ​little​ ​bit
a. Synchondrosis
b. Symphysis​ ​(pubic​ ​symphysis,​ ​between​ ​vertebrae)
3. Synovial​ ​joints​:​ ​can​ ​move​ ​a​ ​lot
a. Multiaxial​ ​(many​ ​axes)
b. Uniaxial​ ​(one​ ​axis)
c. Biaxial​ ​(two​ ​axes)

6​ ​Types​ ​of​ ​Synovial​ ​Joints

Type​ ​of​ ​Joint Axes Structure Movement Example

Gliding​ ​back​ ​and​ ​forth, Intercarpal​ ​joints​ ​of

1 Plane Nonaxial Flat​ ​surfaces
no​ ​rotation wrist

Elbow
Cylindrical​ ​end​ ​of​ ​one
Angular​ ​movement​ ​in Ankle
2 Hinge Uniaxial bone​ ​into​ ​divet​ ​of
one​ ​plane Joints​ ​between
another
phalanges

Round​ ​end​ ​of​ ​one​ ​bone

Rotating​ ​about​ ​long Proximal​ ​radioulnar
3 Pivot Uniaxial into​ ​sleeve/ring​ ​of
axis joint
another

Egg-shaped​ ​part​ ​of​ ​one Side​ ​to​ ​side​ ​AND​ ​back Knuckle​ ​joints
4 Condylar Biaxial bone​ ​goes​ ​into​ ​oral and​ ​forth (metacarpophalangeal
hole​ ​of​ ​another Can​ ​NOT​ ​rotate joints)

Each​ ​surface​ ​as

Carpometacarpal​ ​joints
5 Saddle Biaxial concave​ ​and​ ​convex Same​ ​as​ ​condylar
of​ ​thumb
surfaces,​ ​like​ ​a​ ​saddle

Ball​ ​and Spherical​ ​head​ ​goes All​ ​axes,​ ​including Hip

6 Multiaxial
socket into​ ​round​ ​socket rotation Shoulder
Chapter​ ​5:​ ​Joints​ ​Practice​ ​Worksheet

Fill​ ​in​ ​the​ ​blanks​ ​without​ ​referring​ ​to​ ​the​ ​answer​ ​sheet.​ ​Then,​ ​look​ ​at​ ​the​ ​answer​ ​key​ ​and​ ​fill​ ​in​ ​the​ ​blanks​ ​that
you​ ​missed,​ ​using​ ​a​ ​different​ ​colour.

3​ ​Joints​ ​Classified​ ​by​ ​Movement

Name​ ​of​ ​joint Amount​ ​of​ ​movement

3​ ​Joints​ ​Classified​ ​by​ ​Structure​​ ​(how​ ​the​ ​bones​ ​are​ ​attached)

Name​ ​of​ ​joint How​ ​the​ ​joint​ ​is​ ​attached Types Examples

1.
2.

1.
2.

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.

6​ ​Types​ ​of​ ​Synovial​ ​Joints

Type​ ​of​ ​Joint Axes Structure Movement Example