Example 1: 2 years

The bar chart illustrates how worker responsed to a survey conducting in a European
country between 2000 and 2010 regarding the reasons for their absenteeism from work.

Overall, there was a drecrease in the percentage of people absenting from work due to
illness and family responsibilites, while an opposite trend was seen in the figures for
those had stress, personal needs, and unexpected problems. In addition, the majority of
workers were unable to go to work because of illness, whereas the minority had stress
over the period examined.

The share of people who were absent due to illness started at just under 45% in 2000,
after which it saw a slight decline to 40% in 2005, before decreasing to the end of the
period at 35%. Meanwhile, the figure for those had family responsibilites fell from 27%
to over 20% in the first five years and remained at this level towards the end of the
period.

Around 15% of workers cited personal needs as the reason for their absence in 2000, with
an increase to 20% in 2005 and a final fall to almost 18% in 2010. Similarly, the figures
for those facing unexpected problems and stress rose over the period shown, from under
10% to 14% and from 6% to 12% respectively.

Example 2: Future

The table illustrates the proportion of people aged 65 and over in three different countries
in 1988, 2000, and an estimation for 2030.

Overall, there was an increase in the percentage of elderly citizens in all countries, with
the figure for UK witnessing almost no change in the first 12 years. In addition, Germany
consistently has the largest proportion of the elderly, while the figures for the UK are
lowest over the period shown.
The share of people in Germany who were 65 and above started at 20.35% in 1988, after
which it saw a rise to 25.53% in 2000. Similarly, the figure for Canada increased from
16.45% to 20.65% in the first 12 years. Meanwhile, the proportion of the elderly in the
UK remained almost unchanged during this period, at just under 15%.

By 2030, the percentage of residents in Germany aged 65 and plus are expected to rise at
the same rate, reaching 30.65%. The figures for the UK and Canada are predicted to see a
similar change, which will increase to end at 20.45% and 26.45% respectively.

Example 3: Total line: Report about total line first. Overview must contain the total
amount.

The line chart illustrates how much emissions were emitted into the atmosphere from
three different sectors in the UK from 1990 to 2005.

Overall, there was a decline in the the total amount of air pollution in the UK, which was
the result of decreases in the amount of emissions from industrial and domestic
activities. By contrast, the figures for transportation increased considerablely in the latter
halft of the period, surpassing the industry sector to become the most serious polluter
from 2002 onwards.

The total amount of air pollution produced by all three sectors started at around 8
million tonnes in 1970, after which it saw a significant decline to about 6 million tonnes
in the final year of the period. Similarly, the figure for industrial activites decreased
steadily from 6 million tonnes in… to exactly 2 million tonnes in 2005.

Only 1 million tonnes of toxic fumes were generated by transport sector in 1970, with a
mild fluctuation at this level and a final increase from 1.2 million tonnes in 1990 to
reach a peak of 3 million tonnes in 2005. Conversely, the figure for housework
remained relatively unchanged in the first 10 years, at 1 million tonnes, followed by a
gradual drop to almost 0 tonnes at the end of the period.
Example 4:
The bar chart illustrates the distance travelled by people in the UK using five different
types of vehicles in 1990 and 2000.

Overall, there was an increase in the total number of kilometers travelled by all modes of
transport, which was the result of rises in the distance covered by bus, rail and air
transport, while decreases were seen in the figures for the remaining vehicles. In addition,
travelling by bus and rail had by far the highest numbers of kilometers throughout the
period.

The total distance covering by all modes of transport started at 100 billion kilometers,
after which it saw a considerable rise to 112,5 billion kilometers 10 years later. Similarly,
the data for bus and rail increased by a similar extent, from around 46 billion kilometers
in 1990 to approximately 48 billion kilometers in 2000 for each vehicle.

In 1990, just under 5 billion kilometers were covered by air travel, with a small rise to
about 7 billion in 2000. By contrast, the distances traveled by bike and bicycle were
almost similar, dropped from almost 7 billion in 1990 to downward of 5 billion at the end
of the period.

Example 4:
The table shows the sources of the police funding which contains national government,
local taxes, other sources and total budget in 2017 and 2018. The two pie charts illustrate
how much money in which police spent on three categories including wages, technology
and construction in these two years.

Overall, there was an increase in the total police funds, which was the result of of rises in
the amount of money coming from all three sources, and the figure for national
government were highest over the period shown. In addition, a rise in the investment for
technological appliances could be seen, while the major of police budget went into
remuneration.
The total amount of money which police possessed started at 304.7 million pounds in
2017, after which it saw a considerable rise by under 20 million pounds in 2018.
Similarly, the police income contributed by national government was at 175.5 million
pound in 2017, followed by an increase to 177,8 million just one year later. A similar
change could be seen in the figures for local taxes and other sources, which grew from
91.2 million to 102.3 million and from 38 million to 38.5 million respectively.

As can be seen from the pie charts, only 8% of police funding was allocated for
developing technology in the first year of the period, with a slight increase to 14% in the
following year. Conversely, the figure for wages decreased from 75% in 2017 to 69% in
2018, and the investment for construction remained unchanged at 17% over the two years
examined.

Dạng no change- nhiều số liệu

Example:

Regarding company B, it spent around 1.7 million euros on buiding, compared to

only 0.5 million in the remaining orgarnization.

Similarly, 1,6 million euros was invested in research by company doubled that of
organization A.
The figures for company C, D and E were lower, at about 0,7, 0.3 and 0,35
respectively.

Regarding the spending on machinery, company B invested the highest amount of

money with around 1.3 million euros, follwed by organization A (0.8 million) , and
organization C (0,7 million), while the figures for organization D and E was almost
similar (0.3 million). As for staff training cost, the expenditure of organization B was
much higher than that of company A, with respective figures being 1.4 million and 0,9
million. Meanwhile, this spendings of the reamining three companies were under 0,5
million.
Dạng nhiều số liệu – Table

Company B allocated larget portion of their budget for …..

The smallest spending area ill all the countries examined,…..

S V số liệu, compared to số liệu

Số liệu, in comparision with
S V O the highest/lowest, accounting for …., while the figures for ….., with respective
figures being…..
Were higher, at around
Were almost similar….

Example 5: i
The bar chart shows how households in a particular country allocated their weekly
income for 8 diffrerent categories from 1968 to 2018.

Overall, there was an increase in the percentage of household’s weekly earnings went
into accommodation, commuting and recreation, while a reverse trend could be seen in
the figures for the remaning catgories. In addition, food was the largest spending area in
1968, while the top belonged to leisure in 2018.

In 1968, 35% of households’ wages was allocated for food, after which it saw a gradual
decrease to about 17% in 2018. Similarly, the figures for fuel and power, clothing and
footwear and personal goods fell, but at a lesser extent, from around 10% to under 5%
from 1968 to 2018. Meanwhile, the expenditutre on household goods remained
unchanged over the whole period, at about 8% of household’s budget.

By contrast, the expense on housing rose substiantially from 10% of the weekly imcome
in 1968 to under 20% in 2018. A similar change could be witnessed in the figures for
entertainment and transport, starting at around 8% each in 1968 and ending the period at
22% and 14% respectively.
Income = wages, revenue, family’s spending, spending area
Spending pattern = expenditure = expenses
Weekly income = Income gained a week
The percentage of weekly revenue which was spent on 8 categories by households in a
country from 1968 to 2017.

Example 6: The line chart illustrates how many shops were opened and closed in a
particular country between 2011 and 2018.

Overall, despite some fluctuations, there was a decrease in the count of new shops and
closed shops. In addition, while the number of openings was higher than those of closures
in 2011, the top belonged to the latter in the final year of the period.

In 2011, the number of shop openings started at 8500, after which it saw a significant
decline to under 4000 in 2012, before rebounding to exceed 6000 in 2014. Howerver, this
figure then decreased to the 2012 level in 2015 and remained almost unchanged for the
following 2 years, followed by a final drop to a low of 3000 in 2018.

Turning to shop closures, there were some fluctuations between 2011 and 2014, with
numbers ranging from 6000 to 7100. After that, the figure saw the most dramatic
decrease, hitting the lowest point of 800 in 2015, before recovering back to just over
5000 in 2016. Finally, it almost leveled off at this point towards the end of the period.

Hit the lowest point of

Rebound to
2012 level
The figure for closures = closeure figures