BASIC NUCLEAR SCIENCE

First Quarter- Module 1

Atomic Structure – The Nuclear Atom
 2

COMPONENT: BASIC NUCLEAR SCIENCE

QUARTER 1– MODULE 1
ATOMIC STRUCTURE- THE NUCLEAR ATOM
Republic Act 8293, section 176 states that: No copyright shall subsist in any work
of the Government of the Philippines. However, prior approval of the government
agency or office wherein the work is created shall be necessary for exploitation of
such work for profit. Such agency or office may, among other things, impose as a
condition the payment of royalties.
Borrowed materials (i.e., songs, stories, poems, pictures, photos, brand names,
trademarks, etc.) included in this module are owned by their respective copyright
holders. Every effort has been exerted to locate and seek permission to use these
materials from their respective copyright owners. The publisher and authors do
not represent nor claim ownership over them.

DEVELOPMENT TEAM OF THE MODULE

Writer: Chris P. Patron
Content Editor: Roxane S. Villanueva
Language Editor: Roxane S. Villanueva
Layout and Design Editor: Roxane S. Villanueva
Cover Layout Artist: Nemesio S. Cancan Jr.
MANAGEMENT TEAM
OIC-SDS: Romela M. Cruz, CESE
CID Chief: Alyn G. Mendoza, PhDTE
SGOD Chief: Emma G. Arrubio
EPS-in-Charge: Roxane S. Villanueva
EPS-LRMS: Ruby E. Baniqued, EDD

Department of Education – Schools Division Office, Mandaluyong

Office Address: Calbayog St. Highway Hills, Mandaluyong City
Telephone number: CID- 79552557
E-mail Address:sdo.mandaluyong@deped.gov.ph ● www.depedmandaluyong.org
The following are some reminders in using this module:

1. Handle this module with care. Use a separate sheet in answering the
exercises.
2. Read the directions carefully before doing each task.
3. Activities in this module can be done individually or with the help of
your teacher, home learning partner or knowledge source partner.
4. Finish this module for the intended week.
5. Return this module to the authorized person in charge of retrieval.
 3

Name : __________________________________________Date:___________Score:__________

COMPONENT: NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY

QUARTER 1– MODULE 1
ATOMIC STRUCTURE- THE NUCLEAR ATOM

Objectives:

1. Describe the structure of atoms including the masses, electrical charges, and
locations of protons, neutrons and electrons.
2. Identify that proton is an element’s specification.
3. Determine the number of protons, neutrons and electrons of an element by
using the periodic table.
4. Identify the components, location, charge and names of subatomic particles in
atoms.
5. Explain the atoms are the smallest particles of matter and are made up of protons,
neutrons, and electrons.
6. differentiate between protons, neutrons, and electrons in terms of their mass,
electrical charges, and location within the atom.
7. Explain how the atomic theory has changed as scientists have discovered new
information about the atom.

PRETEST

DIRECTIONS: Read each statement below. If you believe that a statement is TRUE,
place a check in the FACT column. If you believe the statement is FALSE,
place a check in the BLUFF column.

STATEMENT FACT BLUFF

1. The first energy level of atom is closest to the
nucleus.
2. A proton has a charge that is equal in force
but opposite in charge to each electron.
3. The mass of an atom depends on the
number of protons and neutrons in its nucleus.
4. The elements on the Periodic Table are
arranged by the number of neutrons.
5. The atomic number of all isotopes within a
family of atoms is always the same.

KEY CONCEPTS
Atoms are the foundation of chemistry. They are the basis for
everything in the Universe. As you know, matter is composed of
atoms. Solids are made of densely packed atoms while gases
have atoms that are spread out.

Protons and neutrons are heavier than electrons and reside in the nucleus
at the center of the atom. Electrons are extremely lightweight and exist in a
cloud orbiting the nucleus. The electron cloud has a radius 10,000 times
greater than the nucleus. Electrons are tiny compared to protons and
neutrons, over 1,800 times smaller than either a proton or a neutron.
 4

REVIEW

DIRECTIONS: Complete the 2 Tables of Comparisons between

Protons, Neutrons & Electrons including: Charge, Symbol, Mass,
Location, and three other important facts about each (e.g. the # of
Protons is the Atomic Number and determines Identity, or Valence
Electrons are responsible for Chemical Reactions/Properties etc.)

SUB CHARGE CHARGE MASS SUBATOMIC

ATOMIC (positive, (+1, 0, - COUNTED PARTICLES
PARTICLES neutral, 1) AS 1 OR LOCATION
or 0 ( reside the
negative) nucleus or
revolve the
nucleus)

PROTON

ELECTRON

NEUTRON

SUB SYMBOL CHARGE MASS OTHER

ATOMIC (p+, e-, n) (+1, 0, - COUNTED IMPORTANT
PARTICLES 1) AS 1 OR FACTS
0

PROTON

ELECTRON

NEUTRON
 5

INTRODUCTION

NEVER trust an atom, they make up everything! Atoms are the

fundamental building blocks of matter and are built from protons, neutrons, and
electrons. The composition of atoms in terms of their particles and the properties of
the particles in terms of their relative charges and masses. Now, you try to identify
the components of Atom. LET’S START!

Label the parts of an atom on the diagram below.

4. What type of charge does a proton have?

5. What type of charge does a neutron have?

6. What type of charge does an electron have?

7. Which two subatomic particles are located in the nucleus of an atom?

8. If an atom has 35 protons in the nucleus, how many electrons will it have orbiting
the nucleus?

9. What is the atomic number of the atom in the diagram above?

10. What is the atomic mass/mass number of the atom in the diagram above
 6

ACTVITY 1

BOHR MODEL DRAWING

PART 1: DIRECTIONS: Draw a Bohr model of an

oxygen atom in the space below. Be sure to place the electrons in the
correct orbitals and to fill out the key for the subatomic particles.

Key
Protons:

Neutrons:

Electrons:

Part II. Complete the following chart.

Atomic Structure
 7

An atom is composed of protons, neutrons, and electrons. The protons and neutrons
are found in the nucleus of the atom. The electrons are found in the electron cloud,
which is an area that surrounds the nucleus. A standard periodic table of elements
can provide you with a great deal of insight into the composition of an atom. The
atomic number is equal to the number of protons. The mass number is equal to the
number of protons and neutrons. In a neutral atom, the number of protons and
electrons are equal. When an atom is in a charged state (ion), the charge indicates
the imbalance between protons and electrons. Too many electrons produce a negative
charge, too few electrons result in a positive charge.

Element or Atomic Mass # of # of # of

ion Number Number protons electrons Neutrons

Li 7

Ba2+ 137

Al3+ 27

F- 19

Br 80

Ru3+ 101

Cr2+ 52

S2- 32

Si 28

C 12

ACTIVITY 2

The Atoms Family

Atomic Math Challenge

Directions: Use the periodic table and complete the

following informations to determine the number of
protons, neutrons and electrons and to know the
identity of an atom.
 8

Atomic # = ______ Atomic # = ______ Atomic # = ______

Atomic Mass = ______ Atomic Mass = ______ Atomic Mass = _____

# of Protons = _______ # of Protons = ________ # of Protons = _____

# of Neutrons = ________ # of Neutrons = ________ # of Neutrons = ____

# of Electrons = ________ # of Electrons = ________ # of Electrons =____

Atomic # = ______ Atomic # = ______ Atomic # = ______

Atomic Mass = ______ Atomic Mass = ______ Atomic Mass = _____
# of Protons = _______ # of Protons = ________ # of Protons = _____
# of Neutrons = ________ # of Neutrons = ________ # of Neutrons = ____
# of Electrons = ________ # of Electrons = ________ # of Electrons =____
 9

ACTIVITY 3

PART 1. DIRECTIONS: Complete the crossword by filling in a word

that fits each clue.

ACROSS DOWN

1. positively charged parts of an atom 2.protons and neutrons are found in

this part of an atom

6. negatively charged parts of an atom 3. type of force that holds the

nucleus of an atom together
7. atoms are the building blocks for...
4. area of science that studies tiny
particles like atoms
8. the number of electrons in atoms determine
an element's ___ properties
9. neutrally charged parts of an atom 5.the word a'tomos comes from
this language
10. a chart which lists all of the known elements
 10

PART 2. READING COMPREHENSION.

INSTRUCTION: Read each paragraph or passage below and select the BEST
answer for what is being asked.

An Atom Apart

by Leslie Cargile

Have you ever walked through a cloud of
gnats on a hot summer, only to have them
follow you? No matter how you swat at
them, or even if you run, they won’t leave
you alone. If so, then you have something
in common with an atom. Atoms are the
building blocks of molecules, which when
combined, make up everything. From the
smallest one-celled amoeba, to every
person who has ever lived, to the largest and
brightest stars in the sky, atoms are
everywhere. Even way back in the time of
ancient Greece, they wondered about
atoms. That’s where the word comes from,
ancient Greece. The word A’tomos, when
translated into English, means: something
that cannot be divided any further. So
what’s an atom look like? Up until very
recently no one could say one way or
another. Technically we can’t see
individual atoms, since there are no
microscopes powerful enough. Since
technology improves all the time, it may not
be long before we can actually see a whole
atom through a special microscope. Even
though scientists cannot see atoms with
microscopes, they have developed ways to
detect them and learn about them. Atoms
are made up of three basic parts; protons,
neutrons, and electrons. There is a core, or
nucleus, and an electron cloud. The nucleus
is made up of positively charged protons
and neutral neutrons. The nucleus is held
closely together by electromagnetic force.
Protons and neutrons make up the nucleus
of the atom. A cloud of electrons orbits the
nucleus. The negatively charged electrons
are bound to the nucleus, and zap around it
in a cloud. Do you remember the cloud of
gnats? The gnats would be the electrons
zipping around you, the nucleus. There are
different ways atoms are classified. They
can be classified into elements, like oxygen,
carbon, or hydrogen. All of the elements
known to man so far can be found on the
periodic table. The number of protons an
atom has decides the chemical element. The
number of electrons defines the atom's
chemical properties, like its melting
temperature and boiling point. The study of
atoms and tiny particles that are even
smaller is called quantum mechanics.
Scientists still have much to learn about
atoms. Maybe you will enter the study of
quantum mechanics and find a brand new
element. Maybe they’ll even name it after
you!
 11

QUESTIONS:

1. What are atoms?

a. tiny particles that make up all matter
b. tiny particles that can only be seen with a microscope
c. tiny particles that look like gnats
d. particles that are so large they cannot be seen

2. What does the word A'tomos mean in ancient Greece?_________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________

3. What is quantum mechanics?

___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
4. Complete the graphic organizer. And give the Identity of the basic parts of an
atom.

Basic parts
of an atom

5. If you wanted to find the chemical element of an atom, you would need to...
a. know how many electrons it has
b. know how many protons it has
c. know its melting temperature
d. see it with a microscope

6. The author begins this article by comparing a cloud of gnats to an atom. In

this scenario, what do the gnats represent? What does the person walking through
the gnats represent?
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________

CHECK YOUR UNDERSTANDING

1. How do the subatomic particles of an atom help identify each

element. How can we predict the behavior of an atom based on
its unique properties?
2. What is the modern view of the structure of the atom? How
are the protons different from neutrons? What are the differences
between protons and electrons?
 12

POST TEST

DIRECTIONS: Read each statement below. If you believe that a

statement is TRUE, place a check in the FACT column. If you
believe the statement is FALSE, place a check in the BLUFF
column.

STATEMENT FACT BLUFF

1. The first energy level of atom is closest to the
nucleus.
2. A proton has a charge that is equal in force
but opposite in charge to each electron.
3. The mass of an atom depends on the
number of protons and neutrons in its nucleus.
4. The elements on the Periodic Table are
arranged by the number of neutrons.
5. The atomic number of all isotopes within a
family of atoms is always the same.

PART 2.
Use the word bank to fill in the missing word. Each word will be used
once.

Atomic number Mass number protons

Electrons Isotope neutron

1. The atomic number tells you how many ________________________ and

____________________ are in an atom.
2. The bold, whole number found on the periodic table is called the
__________________________. It is unique for each element.
3. The total number of protons and neutrons in an atom is called the
_____________________________________.
4. An atom with the same number of protons but different number of neutrons
is called an _____________________________.
5. The subatomic particle that has no charge is called a
________________________.
6. Fill in the following chart.

Atomic Mass Number of Number of Number of Symbol of

Number Number Protons Neutrons Electrons Element
6 13
25 12
175 84
13 15
 13

Something to Think About: If you discovered a new element

that was added to the periodic table, what would you name it?
What are the components? Identity of your element. Draw a
Bohr’s model of an element that you discovered. Use a clean
sheet of paper for your drawing.

References:

Wilbraham, Stanley, Matta, and Waterman.(2010). Prentice hall Chemistry,

Pearson / Prentice Hall Inc.

Silberberg, Amateis. (2017). Chemistry the Molecular Nature of Matter and Change
8th ed. McGraw-Hill Education

Keller, Rebecca W. Phd.(2013). Focus on High School Chemistry Student Textbook.

Real Science – 4 – Teens

Nucleon and isotopes Homework. Accessed June 16, 2020

https://www.cardinalspellman.org/ourpages/Ms_Harrison/9%20%20Nuclear/Nuc
leons%20and%20Isotopes%20Homework.pdf

Isotope Notation. Accessed June 10,2020

https://socratic.org/chemistry/nuclear-chemistry/isotope-notation

Subatomic Particles and Isotopes. Accessed June 5, 2020

https://www.imater.org/ourpages/auto/2018/10/22/62783187/Isotopes%20for%
205th%20Period%20HW%2010_22_18.pdf

Teaching Atomic structure. Accessed June 6, 2020

https://pumas.nasa.gov/examples/index.php?id=80

Atomic Structure Lesson plan. Accessed June 7, 2020

https://www.teach-nology.com/teachers/lesson_plans/science/chemistry/atomic/

ATOMIC STRUCTURE. Accessed June 8, 2020

https://www.stem.org.uk/resources/community/collection/126417/atomic-
structure

For inquiries or feedback, please write or call:

Department of Education – Schools Division Office-Mandaluyong

Calbayog Street, Highway Hills, Mandaluyong City 1500
Telefax: (632) 79552557

Email Address: sdo.mandaluyong@deped.gov.ph

●www.depedmandaluyong.org