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CSWIP 3.0 / 3.1 / 3.2

CSWIP 3.1: Question with Answer and

Explanation – Part 6

Date: October 24, 2017 Author: Thanh Nguyen Le 5 Comments

1) For ultrasonic testing, which of the following statements is true?

a. It is easy to identify all defects

b. ( answer ) The equipment should be calibrated before use
c. The equipment cannot be automated
d. Sound waves will not travel through copper
UT Disadvantages:

Trained and skilled operator required

Requires high operator skill
Good surface finish required
Defect identification
 Couplant may contaminate
No permanent record
Calibration Required
Ferritic Material (Mostly)

Why:

Calibration refers to the act of evaluating and adjusting the precision and accuracy of
measurement equipment. In ultrasonic testing, several forms of calibration must occur.
First, the electronics of the equipment must be calibrated to ensure that they are
performing as designed. This operation is usually performed by the equipment
manufacturer and will not be discussed further in this material. It is also usually
necessary for the operator to perform a “user calibration” of the equipment. This user
calibration is necessary because most ultrasonic equipment can be reconfigured for use
in a large variety of applications. The user must “calibrate” the system, which includes
the equipment settings, the transducer, and the test setup, to validate that the desired
level of precision and accuracy are achieved. The term calibration standard is usually
only used when an absolute value is measured and in many cases, the standards are
traceable back to standards at the National Institute for Standards and Technology.

2) Which of the following standards is concerned with welder approval?

a. BS EN 499
b. BS EN 288
c. BS EN 22553
d. ( answer ) BS EN 287
3) The WPS calls for a root gap to be between 2 and 3mm, the actual measured gap is
4mm, … of action would you like?

a. Accept it as its only 1mm

b. ( answer ) Reject it
The welder will decide, if it fails it will be his
c.
problem
The welder insists he can weld the butt joint easily so
d.
let him go ahead
Pls understand that:

With Welding inspector position: We have follow Approved WPS stricly! Any
difference with WPS will be rejected. But:
With Welding engineer: it can cosider to checked again. For ex: if it is checked follow
ASME IX: root spacing is Nonessential –> can accept.

4) What is the abbreviation for a Welding Procedure Specification that has been
written for the purpose of qualifying a Weld Procedure Test weld?

a. WPS
b. ( answer ) pWPS
 c. uWPS
d. pWPT
Pls see attached link: WPS understanding.

pWPS: Some codes, such as AWS D1.1, allow “Prequalified WPS”, whereby it is
established that the WPS written per code will produce welds with correct
mechanical and metallurgical properties. It is NOT NEED to prepare a PQR in such
cases. However, the pre-qualified WPS have a specified range (TABLE 3.X) of
parameters under which the weld must be produced. When welding variables fall
outside these ranges, a WPS with supporting PQR must be prepared.
PQR: is a record of the weld data used to weld a test coupon. It also contains the test
results of the tested specimens. The completed PQR shall document all the
essential when required supplementary essential variables for each welding process
used during the welding of test coupon. Non essential variables used during the
welding of the coupon may be recorded.
WPS: is a written document that provides direction to the welder or welding
operator for making production welds in accordance with code requirements. The
completed WPS shall describe all the essential , non essential and when
required supplementary essential variables for each welding process used in the
WPS.

One question: between WPS & PQR – which one have first?

To come out a WPS we need follow these below steps – 5 steps:

Five Step Process to Qualify a Welding Procedure
1. Understand the intended application for which the WPS will be used
2. Develop a draft procedure
3. Make a qualification weld
4. Test the qualification weld
5. Write up the WPS
Step No. 2: we can understand it is pWPS ( prequalified WPS )
Step No. 3: it is PQR

So, between WPS & PQR: PQR have first.

5) How are the lengths of tack welds during assembly and fit up determined?

a. By the welders as they have extensive knowledge

The fabrication specification will give minimum tack
b. ( answer )
length requirements
c. The fabrication drawing will give all the information
d. Any length of tack weld will do for assembly
For information:
Qualification of tack welds, a topic that is being interpreted differently by various
companies. Tack welds on EXC2, EXC3 and EXC4 components are required to be
welded in accordance with a qualified WPS. Tack welds are to be a maximum length of
4x the thickness of the thicker part or 50mm “…unless a shorter length can be
demonstrated as satisfactory…”.

6) What does the term WPS mean?

a. Weld productivity specification

b. Weld production scheme
c. ( answer ) Welding procedure specification
d. Work productivity standard
Pls see question No. 4

7) What does the term WPQR mean?

a. Weld productivity quality review

b. Weld productivity quality requirements
c. ( answer ) Welding procedure qualification record
d. Work production quantity review
Pls see question No. 4

8) Is it always necessary to preheat the base material before welding?

a. Not on a sunny day

b. ( answer ) Only in accordance with the WPS
c. If the equipment is available it must be used
If using cellulosic rods these will provide enough
d.
heat
It depens on the thickness of material / type of material.

9) Which of the following would not be required to be checked before welding?

a. The welding consumables

b. The weld root gap
c. ( answer ) PWHT temperature range
d. The weld preparation
PWHT: POST WELD HEAT TREATMENT – are used to change the properties of
the weld metal, controlling the formation of crystalline structures.

PWHT is a mandatory requirement when certain criteria are met, the main one being the
thickness. BS EN 13445 and BSPD 5500 require that joints over 35mm thick are PWHT’d,
ASME VII above 19mm. If, however, the vessel is to enter service where stress corrosion
is a possibility, PWHT is mandatory, irrespective of thickness. The soak time is also
dependant on thickness. As a very general rule this is one hour per 25mm of thickness;
for accuracy, reference must be made to the relevant specification.

Post Weld Heat Treatment (PWHT):

So what does the term ‘post weld heat treatment’ mean? To some engineers it is a rather
vague term that is used to describe any heat treatment that is carried out when welding
is complete. To others however, particularly those working in accordance with the
pressure vessel codes such as BS PD 5500, EN 13445 or ASME VIII, it has a very precise
meaning. When an engineer talks of post weld heat treatment, annealing, tempering or
stress relief it is therefore advisable.

10) How do we determines what the correct weld preparation (root gap, root face,
included angle) should be?

a. ( answer ) By consulting the WPSs

b. The fabrication drawing will give all the information
c. The welder will decide
d. The inspectors will recommend what is suitable
Pls see next part:

CSWIP 3.0 / 3.1 / 3.2

Published by Thanh Nguyen Le

Marine & Offshore -Worked at Triyards -Worked at Hyundai Vinashin View all posts by
Thanh Nguyen Le

5 thoughts on “CSWIP 3.1: Question with Answer and

Explanation – Part 6”

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1. Pingback: CSWIP 3.1: Question with Answer and Explanation – Part 1 – Ship
 building knowledge
2. Prince says:
June 22, 2018 at 4:48 pm
Nice one, very helpful ……… are their any study materials for the cswip 3.1 practical
exam or maybe a link to a video tutorial or something like that.
Thanks

Reply
3. Amir Reza Vahdati says:
February 2, 2020 at 12:05 pm
on question Number 4, I think pWPS means Preliminary Welding Procedure
Specification. It is a document witten by an authorized person (Welding Engineer…)
as per standards, specifications, codes and experience to start the process of getting to
a final and approved WPS.

Reply
4. Sugiyatno Giy says:
July 19, 2020 at 10:00 pm
Wuld you pls inform to my that how to get WPS & PQR for Friction Stir Welding.
Thks.
My best regards

Reply
5. Claris Taschler says:
July 20, 2020 at 7:03 pm
There are certainly a lot of details you have taken into consideration.

Reply

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