MODUL PERKULIAHAN

Mata Kuliah English for Business

Modul 2:
Understanding
Full Range of
Career Options

Mengetahui pilihan pilihan-pilihan dalam dunia karir.

Tatap
Kode MK Disusun Oleh
Muka
1900010
02
Tim Dosen
10

Types of Jobs and Career Options

1
Full time employment
Salaried employment provides numerous benefits including financial
stability, health insurance and other benefits of corporate social
package, plus you are able to network face-to-face and get
mentored, which is extremely useful for industry freshers or
graduates. However, it requires you to be able to follow the 9-to-6
work schedule, which sometimes is quite exhausting if you live far
from work and have to spend hours commuting. Recent research
conducted by the University of the West of England show that
every 20 extra minutes spent on the road lead to the same
dissatisfaction level as receiving a 19% pay cut.

Let’s categorize all the pros and cons of fulltime employment to have
a clearer view of the situation:

Pros of full-time employment: Cons of fulltime employment:

• Stable monthly income and ▪ Time and effort spent on

financial security travelling

• Full access to social package ▪ Inability to concentrate in an

benefits open-space environment

• Effective communication with ▪ Fixed working hours and strict

team members office politics

• Mentorship and professional ▪ Inability to work remotely or

advice take a day-off without an

approval from your manager
• Great opportunity to develop
self-discipline ▪ Stressful daily grind which
decreases the risk of insomnia
• New friends and better social

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 life and depression

Part-time job

Sometimes people tend to confuse part-time employment and freelance

work. However, if you’re looking for part time job you must
understand the core difference between part time and full-time types
of work. While freelancers are self-employed, part-time workers are
still considered to be a part of the company and eligible for corporate
benefits. Part timers work 30 hours per week or less and are involved
in the vast number of workflows, unlikely freelancers who work on a
particular project.

Recent Internet Survey conducted by the National Society of High

School Scholars shows that more than 50% of respondents need
earnings either to repay their college loan or to contribute to
household income. Part time working hours allow students to
combine both working and studying at the university or college and
also provide work flexibility for young parents who are responsible
for taking care of their newborn child.

Thus, taking this into account we can list the pros and cons of part-time
employment.

Pros of part-time employment: Cons of part-time employment:

• Flexible work schedule: part ▪ Lots of responsibilities in a

time job hours are not always short time frame
fixed; it depends on the type of
▪ Blurred career prospects
work you do
▪ Low salary
• Financial stability
▪ Hardships with handling both
• Access to some of the
career and studying/parenting
corporate benefits
▪ Fewer benefits comparing with
• Networking
full-time employees

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 • Experience of working in an
office environment

• Better social life

Freelancing life

Freelance job is a great way to live your life and make money without
being turned into a corporate slave. If you prefer working alone and
feel yourself capable of attracting new clients or have already
developed your own professional network – go for it! There’s no
better way to take control over your career than to become a
freelancer, however there are still some difficulties which freelancers
are constantly struggling with while being self-employed. Plus, not
everyone is able to self-discipline oneself and constantly lacks
motivation without being pushed either by scurrying co-workers or
an overly demanding boss.

To make things clear, let’s take a closer look to the pros and cons of a
freelance job.

Pros of freelance work: Cons of freelance work:

• Ability to work from any place ▪ Irregular income and financial

you like instability; if you allow
yourself a lot of freedom, then
• No fixed work schedule. you
you will earn very little.
can plan a visit to a doctor or a
date with your spouse and ▪ Constant self-discipline and
don’t report to anybody. It’s up self-control. If you want to
to you to decide when it is time earn good money, you will
to work have to discipline yourself and
plan your working day, week,
• Less stress and more relaxing and month. No one but you
environment. If you are are capable of doing that.
introverted and have troubles Remember, there is no boss!
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 with socializing, then ▪
freelancing is a perfect option
for you
• Ability to choose projects
according to your career goals.
You don’t need to do the ▪
monkey work; you are in
control of every task you
receive and able to say no if
you’re not interested
• Direct communication with
clients; you are able to discuss
all the issues without a third
(controlling) party involved
• No boss, you’re the only one
who is in charge of your results
and that’s sounds awesome!
• As you can the main
advantages of freelancing are
defined by the fact that there’s
no one to control your work
and tell you what is right or
wrong, but let’s discuss the
other side of the coin.
Customer search. You must
put a lot of time and effort to
search for clients; otherwise,
you’ll be left without a
paycheck
Reputation risks. If you’ve left
your customers satisfied then
relax but if not, get ready to
receive bad reviews,
complaints and gain bad
reputation; there’s no one to
blame. Everything depends on
you
▪ Poor social life. There’s no
need to mention the major
role of short talk between co-
workers - it helps your brain to
recover from monotonous
routine and a couple of witty
jokes are able to perk you up
better than a cup of freshly
made espresso; as a freelancer
you are deprived of it

No matter what type of work you prefer, remember things may change.
Sometimes it is worth considering part-time employment (if you’re a
student or a young parent) and sometimes, it is better to become a
full-time employee and gain experience in office work, especially if
you’re just starting your career. Plus, it provides you financial security.

As for freelance employment, it’s a good option for those who are
already known in the professional circles and their reputation speaks
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 for itself, otherwise searching for customers from scratch might turn
into a big headache. However, if you’re truly determined to follow
your own way and developed a powerful strategy, don’t hesitate and
go for it!

Remote Jobs

With the world moving into another phase of the pandemic, it’s no
surprise that an increasing number of companies are joining the
remote work revolution. From flexible schedules to access to a
broader talent pool, remote working offers several benefits to
employees and employers alike. However, it also comes with
particular challenges like decreased collaboration, employee isolation,
etc.

Pros of Remote Working Cons of Remote Working

• Helps save time and money. • Decreased teamwork. A remote

Having employees work team may not be able to get in
remotely has some fantastic touch with each other as
time and cost-saving perks for frequently. This can cause
your company. delays in deadlines,
miscommunication, and
• Provides a better work life
frustration in general. A
balance. Remote work does
reduction in teamwork can also
away with the usual morning
reduce employee engagement,
routine of getting ready for
affecting overall productivity.
work and then commuting in
jam-packed traffic. Instead, • Reduced social interaction. A
employees can spend more home office or a remote
time with their family and setting with reduced
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 loved ones while also finding interaction can lead to
time to engage in new hobbies boredom and feelings of
and interests. It helps them loneliness. It can get frustrating
maintain a healthy work-life and lead to burnouts, adversely
balance, leading to happier affecting employee mental
employees. health.

• Boosts employee productivity. • Increased need for self-

When employees have a great discipline. An employee
work-life balance, it positively requires a high level of self-
affects their overall discipline when working
productivity. Office spaces do remotely. A simple distraction
seem productive, but they also can hinder productivity.
contribute to many
• Escalated technological
distractions. The tendency to
dependency. Another
take coffee breaks or get
disadvantage of moving to a
interrupted is far lesser at
remote working lifestyle is a
home.
significant reliance on
• Promotes healthier employee technology.
lifestyles. A work from home
• An internet connection issue at
job benefits employees’
your home or remote working
personal life and health.
space can cause interruptions
Maintaining a nutritious diet
to work. Additionally, power
and regular exercise can be
outages can leave many people
difficult when you have the
unable to work or even
added constraint of traveling
connect online.
to work. And more often than
not, having to buy takeout isn’t • Missed promotion
opportunities

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 always the healthiest option. • Overloaded management
responsibilities
• Allows you to hire better talent
globally

• Helps maintain an efficient

organizational model

2 Types of Jobs and Career Options

Benefits of using job portals for job seekers

Academic Presentation , Grussendolf,
• Getting Job Alerts: A superior job portal provides standard job
alerts whenever there are job openings for you. This way, you
won’t neglect a chance to be valid for your target job and bound
to start your career. Also, you can discover more posts to
increase better options.
• Classified: Once you register in a job portal, all your
achievements, skills, and individual details will be reserved
privately. This will be kept secure unless you let them split your
details to your future employers. Also, job portals keep your job
search narration classified which permits you to do the task
surreptitiously.
• More job opportunities: Job portals offer a full collection of job
choices from top companies. It means you have a superior

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 chance of searching the job you want anywhere and however,
you want it.
• Resourceful: With these portals, you can be relevant for a job
effortlessly. Instead of going to your intention firm, you can
submit your resume online. After submitting, you can relax, and
wait for your future employers to act.
Job portals are a great tool for searching jobs, given one knows how to
effectively leverage the medium. With changing times, the look, feel and
options on these portals have undergone a sea change to suit the needs
and requirements of Gen Y. Job portals have time and again been ranked
as the preferred medium for job search by candidates across experience
levels and functions. Nearly 62 per cent of candidates in the 0-2- and 2-
5-years category prefer using job portals for a job search, revealed a
study by TimesJobs.com. Consequently, to meet the changing aspirations
of this category of workforce, most job portals have re-invented
themselves. It is important than ever before to understand the medium
thoroughly and use it for an effective search, to increase chances of
getting the desired job.
Try these tips
• Posting resumes, having a good cover letter and searching for
desired job/role are some of the basics. Here are some more
suggestions when you look for jobs on the job portals:
• Complete all relevant information columns (mandatory and
optional) on the job portals
• Review and check the job portal frequently as new jobs might get
added to the listings
• Refresh the resume once every 10 days to increase chances of
getting noticed by employers. Make small modifications so the

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 resume gets reposted automatically. This is beneficial since most
employers’ search resumes by date/day posted
• Ensure that your resume is visible to everyone
• Use search filters - basis experience, salary, function and location
for quick and relevant job searches
• Many portals also allow you to search by skill type, which helps you
post an application to the most suited role
• Take advantage of various features on the portal, including job
agents, job alerts, resume services that will help strengthen your
profile
• Good job portals also provide information on top hiring
companies. A job seeker can identify companies and then search on
their website for career opportunities
While these are essential steps for effective job search on recruitment
portals, no effective job search can begin without a focused approach.
Besides, a good presence on social platforms such as LinkedIn, Twitter
and Facebook or even a personal blog are very important for one's career
in today's work world. Make sure you manage your social presence
vigilantly and provide a link to your social professional profiles in your
resume.

1. Jobs Portal in Indonesia

Applying for jobs through the best job portals is also safer and avoids all
kinds of fraud modes, which are on behalf of the company. All
companies that open job vacancies on the job portal will be verified and
checked first by the party providing the service.
1) Jobstreet.co.id
Jobstreet is a job portal with
the largest and most massive
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users in Indonesia and even in Asia Pacific. With its large database, this
recruitment company, which has been around since 1995, has become
the main choice for companies that want to advertise job vacancies.

2) Karir.com
Furthermore, there is
karir.com which is
included in the ranks of
the best job portals in
Indonesia. This job portal
not only provides job
posting services but can
optimize the recruitment
system with their artificial intelligence technology and cloud systems.

3) Glints.com
Glints.com is also the
best job portal in this 4.0
industrial era, not only
relying on databases,
Glints also tries to
optimize and streamline
talent search and
recruitment processes. Glints has a unique approach towards their users
by building a community for career development targeted at young
workers. This job portal is highly recommended for fresh graduates,
millennials and below.
4) Linkedin.com

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Basically, Linkedin is a
network or social
networking for
professionals, oriented
to career, business, and
information related to
the world of work or
professionals. However,
along with the needs of users and realizing that the user is a professional,
Linkedin finally made a job posting and recruitment feature on their
platform.
5) Urbanhire.com
Urbanhire as one of the best
job portals in Indonesia also
provides RMS (Recruitment
Management System)
services and features, which
can help companies find the
relationship between candidates' qualifications and job vacancies.

2. Understanding your Profile and Preference

The Myers-Briggs Personality Type Indicator is a self-report inventory
designed to identify a person's personality type, strengths, and
preferences. The questionnaire was developed by Isabel Myers and her
mother Katherine Briggs based on their work with Carl Jung's theory of
personality types. Today, the MBTI inventory is one of the world's most
widely used psychological instruments.
▪ An Overview of the Test

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Based on the answers to the questions on the inventory, people are
identified as having one of 16 personality types. The goal of the MBTI is
to allow respondents to further explore and understand their own
personalities including their likes, dislikes, strengths, weaknesses, possible
career preferences, and compatibility with other people.
No one personality type is "best" or "better" than another. It isn't a tool
designed to look for dysfunction or abnormality. Instead, its goal is
simply to help you learn more about yourself. The questionnaire itself is
made up of four different scales.

Extraversion (E) – Introversion Sensing (S) – Intuition (N)

(I)
This scale involves looking at
The extraversion-introversion how people gather information
dichotomy was first explored by from the world around them.
Jung in his theory of personality Just like with extraversion and
types as a way to describe how introversion, all people spend
people respond and interact with some time sensing and intuiting
the world around them. While depending on the situation.
these terms are familiar to most According to the MBTI, people
people, the way in which they tend to be dominant in one area
are used in the MBTI differs or the other.
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 somewhat from their popular
usage. People who prefer sensing tend
to pay a great deal of attention to
Extraverts (also often spelled reality, particularly to what they
extroverts) are "outward-turning" can learn from their own senses.
and tend to be action-oriented, They tend to focus on facts and
enjoy more frequent social details and enjoy getting hands-
interaction, and feel energized on experience. Those who prefer
after spending time with other intuition pay more attention to
people. Introverts are "inward- things like patterns and
turning" and tend to be thought- impressions. They enjoy
oriented, enjoy deep and thinking about possibilities,
meaningful social interactions, imagining the future, and
and feel recharged after abstract theories.
spending time alone.
Thinking (T) – Feeling (F) Judging (J) – Perceiving (P)

This scale focuses on how people The final scale involves how
make people tend to deal with the
decisions based on the outside world. Those who lean
information that they gathered toward judging prefer structure
from their sensing or intuition and firm decisions. People who
functions. People who prefer lean toward perceiving are more
thinking place a greater open, flexible, and adaptable.
emphasis on facts and objective These two tendencies interact
data. with the other scales.

They tend to be consistent, Remember, all people at least

logical, and impersonal when spend some time engaged in

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 weighing a decision. Those who extraverted activities. The
prefer feeling are more likely to judging-perceiving scale helps
consider people and emotions describe whether you behave
when arriving at a conclusion. like an extravert when you are
taking in new information
(sensing and intuiting) or when
you are making decisions
(thinking and feeling).

▪ The Myers Briggs Types

Each type is then listed by its four-letter code:
❖ ISTJ - The Inspector: Reserved and practical, they tend to be loyal,
orderly, and traditional.
❖ ISTP - The Crafter: Highly independent, they enjoy new
experiences that provide first-hand learning.
❖ ISFJ - The Protector: Warm-hearted and dedicated, they are always
ready to protect the people they care about.
❖ ISFP - The Artist: Easy-going and flexible, they tend to be reserved
and artistic.
❖ INFJ - The Advocate: Creative and analytical, they are considered
one of the rarest Myers-Briggs types.3
❖ INFP - The Mediator: Idealistic with high values, they strive to
make the world a better place.
❖ INTJ - The Architect: High logical, they are both very creative and
analytical.4
❖ INTP - The Thinker: Quiet and introverted, they are known for
having a rich inner world.

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 ❖ ESTP - The Persuader: Out-going and dramatic, they enjoy
spending time with others and focusing on the here-and-now.
❖ ESTJ - The Director: Assertive and rule-oriented, they have high
principles and a tendency to take charge.
❖ ESFP - The Performer: Outgoing and spontaneous, they enjoy
taking center stage.
❖ ESFJ - The Caregiver: Soft-hearted and outgoing, they tend to
believe the best about other people.
❖ ENFP - The Champion: Charismatic and energetic, they enjoy
situations where they can put their creativity to work.
❖ ENFJ - The Giver: Loyal and sensitive, they are known for being
understanding and generous.
❖ ENTP - The Debater: Highly inventive, they love being surrounded
by ideas and tend to start many projects (but may struggle to finish
them).
❖ ENTJ - The Commander: Outspoken and confident, they are great
at making plans and organizing projects.
Taking the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator can provide a lot of insight into
your personality, which is probably why the instrument has become so
popular. Even without taking the formal questionnaire, you can probably
immediately recognize some of these tendencies in yourself.

Suggested Website: https://www.truity.com/test/type-finder-personality-

test-new
This free personality test reveals who you really are. Discover the 16
personalities created by Myers & Briggs, test your personality type, and
find your strengths.

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 References:
• 8 tips to make effective search on job portals. (2014, October). TJinsite.
https://content.timesjobs.com/8-tips-to-make-effective-search-on-job-
portals/articleshow/57926428.cms
• 10 job portal terbaik di Indonesia untuk apply lamaran online. (2021, June
16). HR & PayrollBozz. https://blog.payrollbozz.com/10-job-portal-
terbaik-di-indonesia-untuk-apply-lamaran-online/
• Cherry, K. (2022). Myers-Briggs Type Indicator: The 16 Personality
Types. Verywell Mind. https://www.verywellmind.com/the-myers-
briggs-type-indicator-2795583
• Know the Difference Between Full-Time, Part-Time and Freelance Jobs
Skillroads.com - AI Resume Career Builder. (2018). Skillroads.com.
https://skillroads.com/blog/the-difference-between-full-time-part-time-
and-freelance-jobs
• Liam McIvor Martin. (2022, January 19). 12 Must-Know Pros and Cons of
Remote Working. Biz 3.0; Biz 3.0. https://biz30.timedoctor.com/remote-
working-pros-and-cons/
• Shukla, V. (2022, February 21). How Job Portal Can be Useful for
Recruiters & Job Seekers- Talent Economy. ShineLearning.
https://learning.shine.com/talenteconomy/trends/how-job-portal-can-
be-useful-for-recruiters-and-job-seekers/

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