Unit 5.

Rephrasing

VOCABULARY

1. The clerk who stole money from the company was never punished.
The clerk got …………………………………………… money from the company.

The thieves were never punished for the crime.

The thieves got …………………………………………… crime.

2. I ignored the paperwork for a while, but I’m glad It’s done now. (CAUGHT)
I’m glad that I …………………………………………………………………. the paperwork.

3. I don’t think you’re doing the right thing by allowing John to behave so rudely to you. (PUT)
If I were you, I ………………………………………………………… John’s rude behaviour.

I won’t tolerate that behaviour.

I won’t put ………………………………………………………………..…………… .

4. We don’t have any more milk!

We have run …………………………………………… .

5. The city made a mistake by reducing funding for youth programmes. (CUT)
The city should ………………………………………….… funding for youth programmes.

6. Laura left her job after just one day!

Laura walked …………………………………………….………………… after just one day.

7. We demonstrated with them because we believe in their struggle.

We demonstrated with them because we …………………………………..……….. cause.

Donating money is just one of many ways you can help a charity or an organization.
There are many ways …………………….………… a cause, including donating money.

8. The hospital workers aren’t returning to their jobs until they receive better conditions.
The hospital workers have gone …………………………….…. until they receive better
conditions.

9. She is upset about the situation, so she is doing something about it.
She is upset about the situation, so ………………………………………………… action.

10. People who don’t earn much money have trouble surviving. (LOW)
People ………………………………………………………………. have trouble surviving.

11. We were given a later deadline to finish the project.

The …………………………………………………………… extended to finish the report.

12. The school’s arts programme began five years ago. (LAUNCH)
The school ………………………………………………………….…………… five years ago.

13. There are various ways to help people out of poverty. (APPROACH)
There is more ………………………………………………………….. people out of poverty.

14. Without doubt, this is the worst slum in the city.

This is by ………………………………………………………………… worst slum.
 PRESENT PERFECT – PAST SIMPLE

15. It’s been over a month since she phoned me.

She ……………………………………………………………….………………………

16. She’s never seen such a terrifying film.

It’s the ……………………………………………………………………………………………..

17. They haven’t won a competition for years.

It’s years …………………………………………………………………………………………..

18. They started restoring the museum five years ago.

They ………………………………………………………………………………………………..

PAST PERFECT

19. After a three-hour search, I finally found my passport.

After I ……………………………………………………………………………………………….

20. They drove all night. That’s why they were tired.
They were tired because ………………………………………………………………………..

FUTURE PERFECT

21. She will probably decide where to volunteer before Friday.

By Friday, …………………………………………………………………………………………..

RELATIVE SENTENCES

22. The hospital’s nurses earn low wages. They are going on strike.
The hospital’s nurses, ……………………………………………. low, are going on strike.

23. I wonder who owns this house.

I wonder …………………………………………………………………………………………..

24. The supermarket has thirty employees. Most of them work part-time.
The supermarket has thirty employees, ………………………………………. part-time.

25. He’s Mr Smith. I got all the information from him.

He’s Mr Smith, who ……………………………………………………………………………..

26. Albert says he never reads newspapers. Albert’s mother is a famous journalist.
Albert, …………………………………………………, says he never reads newspapers.

MODAL VERBS

27. I’m sure you dropped your wallet at the bus stop.
You ………………………………………………………………………..……………………..

28. I advise you to drive more slowly.

You …………………………………………………………………..…………………………..

29. Driving without headlights is forbidden.

You ……………………………………………………………………..………………………..
30. I’m sure she didn’t lie to you.
She ……………………………………………………………………..………………………..

31. It’s possible that Ann is looking for a new job.

Ann ………………………………………………………………..……………………………..

TIME CLAUSES

32. Joanne will arrive soon, and then we can go out to eat.
As soon as ……………………………………………….……………………… go out to eat.

33. He is finishing the speech and then he will join us.

When …………………………………………………………………………………….. join us.

34. I won’t call you until I finish the work.

When …………………………………………………………….……………………… call you.

CONDITIONAL SENTENCES

35. If we don’t do anything soon, it’s only going to get worse.

It’s only going to get worse unless …………………………………………… soon.

Don’t join the demonstration if you don’t support the cause.

Don’t join the demonstration unless ………………………………………… the cause.

Don’t accuse him if you have got no proof.

Don’t accuse him unless ……………………………………………………………………….

You need to know the password or you will be denied access.

Unless ……………………………………………………………………………….. access.

36. Take my advice and tell someone about the bullying.

If I ……………………………………………………………… someone about the bullying.

37. I think you should get help for this problem.

If I …………………………………………………………………..…… help for this problem.

Take my advice and don’t walk alone at night.

If I ………………………………………………………………………….……… alone at night.

38. Alan doesn’t go out with us because he has to save money.

If Alan ………………………………………………………………………………………………

39. I want to take a gap year, but my parents object.

If my parents ………………………………………………………………………………………

40. I didn’t ask for your help because I didn’t need it.
If I ……………………………………………………………………………………………………

41. I’m not old enough to join this organization.

I would …………………………………………………………………………………………….

42. They went on strike because of their low wages.

They wouldn’t ………………………………………………………………… such low wages.

43. They left the demonstration when it became violent.

They wouldn’t …………………………………………………………………………………..…
44. The protesters covered their faces, so the police weren’t able to identify them.
If the protesters ………………………………………………………… to identify them.

45. The schools couldn’t buy new computers because they didn’t get government funding.
If the schools ……………………………………………………..……… new computers.

46. I didn’t recognize him, so I didn’t say hello.

If I ………………………………………………………………………………………………..

47. I lent him money because I trusted him.

If I ………………………………………………………………………………………………..

48. I didn’t go to the performance because the tickets were so expensive.

I would ………………………………………………………………………… so expensive.

CONNECTORS

49. You should take a shower instead of a bath because it saves water.
You should take a shower instead of a bath so as ………………………..……………

50. The government must help poorer families by raising the minimum wage.
The government must raise the minimum wage in order ………………………………..

51. They opened another homeless shelter because they wanted to get people off the streets.
They opened another homeless shelter so that ……………………………………………

52. We buy food by weight because we don’t want to use plastic containers.
We buy food by weight so as …………………………………………………………………

53. John is quite clever. However, he doesn’t get very high marks.
Although ……………………………………………………………………………………………

54. The weather was good. However, we stayed indoors.

We stayed indoors in spite …………………………………………………………..…………

55. The match was cancelled because it was raining.

The match ………………………………………………..……………………………… the rain.

56. It was such a good play that the audience cheered.

The play was …………………………………………………………………………… cheered.
 VOCABULARY

1. The clerk got away with stealing money from the company.
The thieves got away with the crime.
2. I’m glad that I have caught up with the paperwork.
3. If I were you, I wouldn’t put up with John’s rude behaviour.
I won’t put up with that behaviour.
4. We have run out of milk!
5. The city should not have cut down on funding for youth programmes.
6. Laura walked out of her job after just one day!
7. We demonstrated with them because we support their cause.
There are many ways to support a cause, including donating money.
8. The hospital workers have gone on strike until they receive better conditions.
9. She is upset about the situation, so she is taking action.
10. People who earn low wages have trouble surviving.
11. The deadline was extended to finish the project.
12. The school launched its arts programme five years ago.
13. There is more than one approach to helping people out of poverty.
14. This is by far the city’s worst slum.

PRESENT PERFECT – PAST SIMPLE

15. She hasn’t phoned me for over a month.

16. the most terrifying film she has ever seen.
17. It’s years since they last won a competition.
18. They have been restoring the museum for five years.

PAST PERFECT

19. After I had been searching for three hours, I finally found my passport.
20. They were tired because they had been driving all night.

FUTURE PERFECT

21. By Friday, she will probably have decided where to volunteer.

RELATIVE SENTENCES

22. The hospital’s nurses, whose wages are low, are going on strike.
23. I wonder whose house this is.
24. The supermarket has thirty employees, most of whom work part-time.
25. He’s Mr Smith, who I got all the information from.
26. Albert, whose mother is a famous journalist, says he never reads newspapers.

MODAL VERBS

27. You must have dropped your wallet at the bus stop.
28. You should drive more slowly.
29. You mustn’t drive without headlights.
30. She can’t have lied to you.
31. Ann may be looking for a new job.

TIME CLAUSES

32. As soon as Joanne arrives, we will go out to eat / we can go out to eat.
33. When he has finished his speech, he will join us.
34. When I finish the work, I will call you.

CONDITIONAL SENTENCES

35. It’s only going to get worse unless we do something soon.

Don’t join the demonstration unless you support the cause.
Unless you have got proof, don’t accuse him.
Unless you know the password, you will be denied access.
36. If I were you, I would tell someone about the bullying.
37. If I were you, I would get help for this problem.
If I were you, I wouldn’t walk alone at night.
38. If Alan didn’t have to save money, he would go out with us.
39. If my parents didn’t object, I would take a gap year.
40. If I had needed your help, I would have asked for it.
41. I would join the organization if I were old enough.
42. They wouldn’t have gone on strike if they hadn’t got such low wages.
43. They wouldn’t have left the demonstration if it hadn’t become violent.
44. If the protesters hadn’t covered their faces, the police would have been able to identify
them.
45. If the schools had got government funding, they could have bought new computers.
46. If I had recognized him, I would have said hello.
47. If I hadn’t trusted him, I wouldn’t have left him money.
48. I would have gone to the performance if the tickets hadn’t been so expensive.

CONNECTORS

49. You should take a shower instead of a bath so as to save water.

50. The government must raise the minimum wage in order to help poorer families.
51. They opened another homeless shelter so that they could get people off the streets.
52. We buy food by weight so as not to use plastic containers.
53. Although John is quite clever, he doesn’t get very high marks.
54. We stayed indoors in spite of the good weather.
55. The match was cancelled due to the rain.
56. The play was so good that the audience cheered.