Assignment 1 (Fuels)

Submission Date: 25 October , 2023

Q1. Define fuel. Explain any two properties to be a good fuel.

Q2. Define calorific value and establish relationship between LCV and HCV.

Q3. A coal sample contains C = 92%, H = 5% and ash = 3%. When this coal sample
was tested in the laboratory for its calorific value in a bomb calorimeter, the
following data were obtained Wt. of coal burnt = 0.95 g
Wt. of water taken = 700 g
Water equivalent of bomb and calorimeter = 2000 g
Rise in temperature = 2.48 °C
Fuse wire correction = 10.0 cal
Acid correction = 60.0 cal
Cooling correction = 0.02 °C
Calculate the gross and net calorific value of the coal sample in cal/g. Assume the
latent heat of condensation of steam 580 cal/g.

Q4. A coal has the composition by weight, C=92%, O2= 2%, S= 0.5%, N= 0.5 %.
NCV was found to be 9430 kcal/Kg. Calculate the percentage hydrogen and GCV
of coal.

Q5. Define carbonization of coal and name types of carbonization.

Q6. A sample of coal was analyzed as follows: Exactly 1.5 g was weighed into a
silica crucible. After heating for an hour at 110 oC, the residue weighed 1.415 g. The
crucible was then covered with a vented lid and strongly heated for exactly 7 min at
950 ± 20 oC. The residue weighed 0.528 g. The crucible was then heated without the
cover, until a constant weight was obtained. The last residue was found to weigh
0.254 g. Calculate (i) the percentage results of the above analysis. (ii) To which type
of analysis does the above description belong? Why the above analysis is named so?
Q7. 0.26 g of a sample of coal analyzed by combustion gave 0.039 g of water and
0.245 g of carbon dioxide. Calculate the percentage of carbon and hydrogen in the
coal. Also a 0.3 g of coal sample on Kjeldahl’s analysis gave ammonia to just
neutralize 30 mL of 0.1 N H2 SO4. Calculate the percentage of nitrogen in the coal
sample.

Q8. List some differences between fixed bed and moving bed catalytic cracking.

Q9. Explain the reason of knocking in internal combustion engines.

Q10. Define octane and cetane number of a fuel?

Q11. A gaseous fuel has the composition by volume CH4= 25%, H2 = 20%, C2H6=
16%, C2H4= 9.5%, C4H8 = 2.5%, CO= 4%, CO2 = 8%, O2= 4%, N2= 12% and the
remaining is ash. Calculate the air required for combustion of 1m3 of gas. Find the
dry products if 60% excess air are used.

Q12. Give composition and uses of water gas / Producer gas / Bio gas / Coal gas.
(Any two).