Government Polytechnic Pune -16

(An Autonomous Institute of Government of Maharashtra)

Seminar report
on
“Edge Computing”

Submitted By:
Rohan Narendra Shinde

Under the Guidance of

Smt. S.B. Gosavi

DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER ENGINEERING

(Academic Year: 2023-24)

1
 DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER ENGINEERING

CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that Mr. Rohan Narendra Shinde with Enrollment

Number 2106181 of Third Year Diploma in Computer Engineering has successfully
completed the seminar titled “Edge Computing” as part of his diploma
curriculum in academic year 2023-2024.

Seminar guide H.O.D Principal

(Smt. S.B. Gosavi) (Smt. J. R. Hange) (Dr. V. S. Bandal)
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I would like to express my special thanks to all the people who helped me to complete the
report. I wish to express my deep gratitude and special thanks to the Honorable Principal of the
College Dr. Vitthal Bandal for his support and Honorable Head of the Computer Department,
Smt. J. R. Hange for her encouragement and for all the facilities that are provided for this
project work. I sincerely appreciate her magnanimity by taking me into her fold for which I
shall remain indebted to.
I extend my hearty thanks to Smt. S.B. Gosavi, who guided me to the successful completion of
this seminar. I take this opportunity to express my deep sense of gratitude for her invaluable
guidance, constant encouragement, immense motivation which has sustained my efforts at all
the stages of this project work.
I would also like to show my heartfelt gratitude to all the friends and family members who
helped me in choosing the right path towards seminar and guided me at each step.
 ABSTRACT

Edge computing, a transformative paradigm in computing, involves processing data closer to its
source, reducing latency and enhancing real-time capabilities. This proximity to data generators
allows for applications such as IoT, autonomous systems, and healthcare to operate with minimal
delays. The key benefits include low latency, bandwidth efficiency, and improved privacy and
security. However, challenges such as resource constraints, management complexity, and
interoperability must be addressed for the full realization of edge computing's potential across diverse
industries. As edge computing adoption accelerates, overcoming these challenges will be crucial for
unleashing its full capabilities in shaping the future of distributed computing.
Table of Contents

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ................................................................................................................................. 3
ABSTRACT ...................................................................................................................................................... 4
Chapter 1 : Cloud Computing and it’s Challenges ............................................................................................ 6
Chapter 2 : Introduction..................................................................................................................................... 7
Chapter 3 : Architecture of Edge Computing .................................................................................................... 9
Chapter 4 : Applications of Edge Computing.................................................................................................. 13
Chapter 5 : Challenges & Limitations of Edge Computing ............................................................................. 15
Chapter 6 : Research & Trends in Edge Computing ....................................................................................... 16
Bibliography .................................................................................................................................................... 17
Conclusion ....................................................................................................................................................... 18
 Chapter 1 : Cloud Computing and it’s Challenges

Cloud computing is a paradigm in information technology that involves delivering computing

services, including processing power, storage, and applications, over the internet. Instead of relying
on local servers or personal devices to handle computing tasks, users can access and utilize resources
hosted on remote servers provided by a third-party service provider, often referred to as a cloud
service provider.

Challenges of Cloud Computing

1. Data Privacy:
 Location of Data: Knowing where data is physically stored is crucial for regulatory
compliance. Some users may have reservations about data residing in different jurisdictions
with varying privacy laws.
2. Downtime and Service Reliability:
 Uptime Guarantees: While cloud providers often offer high uptime guarantees, any downtime
can have significant impacts on businesses. Users may experience service disruptions due to
provider outages or technical issues.
3. Limited Customization and Control:
 Vendor Lock-In: Adopting a specific cloud provider’s service may lead to dependency,
making it challenging to switch providers. This can limit flexibility and bargaining power.
 Customization Constraints: Some cloud services may not offer the level of customization
desired by certain applications or organizations with unique requirements.
4. Latency and Performance:
 Network Latency: Accessing resources over the internet can introduce latency, impacting the
performance of applications, particularly those requiring real-time processing.
 Resource Contention: In multi-tenant environments, where multiple users share the same
resources, there can be performance challenges if demand spikes.
5. Cost Management:
 Unpredictable Costs: While the pay-as-you-go model can be cost-effective, it can also lead to
unpredictable expenses, especially if resource usage is not well-monitored and managed.
 Hidden Costs: Additional fees for data transfer, storage, or specific services may not be
immediately apparent, contributing to unexpected costs.
 Chapter 2 : Introduction

Edge computing is a distributed computing paradigm that brings computational processing closer to
the source of data generation. Unlike traditional cloud computing, where data is transmitted to a
centralized server for processing, edge computing performs computation and data storage at or near
the edge of the network, often on devices like routers, gateways, or IoT devices. This proximity to the
data source reduces latency, enhances real-time processing capabilities, and addresses bandwidth
constraints. Edge computing is particularly relevant in applications requiring low-latency responses,
such as IoT, autonomous systems, and critical industrial processes.

Advantages of Edge Computing:

1. Reliability:
 Decentralized Nature: The decentralized nature of edge computing reduces the impact
of a single point of failure. If one edge device or node fails, others can continue to
operate independently, contributing to overall system reliability.

2. Offline Operation:
 Autonomy: Edge devices can operate autonomously, even without a constant
connection to the cloud. This is beneficial in scenarios where network connectivity is
intermittent or unavailable.
 3. Real-time Analytics:
 Immediate Insights: Edge computing facilitates the processing and analysis of data at
the source, allowing organizations to derive immediate insights and make informed
decisions without the delay associated with transmitting data to a centralized server.

4. Cost Efficiency:
 Reduced Data Transfer Costs: By processing data locally, edge computing helps
organizations save on data transfer costs associated with transmitting large amounts of
data to and from the cloud.

5. Improved User Experience:

 Faster Response Times: Applications leveraging edge computing can deliver faster
response times, leading to an improved user experience. This is particularly relevant in
applications such as gaming, video streaming, and interactive content.

By exploiting these advantages, edge computing stands poised to revolutionize the

computing industry. Its potential to provide high-speed, energy-efficient, secure, and parallel
computing solutions addresses the limitations of traditional electronic computing systems. This report
will delve deeper into the principles, applications, challenges, and current trends in edgecomputing,
illuminating the path toward a future where computing technology is faster, more efficient, and
seamlessly interconnected.
 Chapter 3 : Architecture Of Edge Computing

The architecture of edge computing involves a decentralized network of computing resources that
are positioned closer to the data source, enabling efficient and localized processing. The architecture
may vary based on specific use cases, applications, and deployment scenarios, but generally, it
includes the following components:

1. Edge Devices:
 IoT Devices: Sensors, actuators, cameras, and various IoT devices that generate data at
the edge. These devices are responsible for collecting and sometimes preprocessing
data before it is transmitted.
 Gateways: Intermediate devices that facilitate communication between edge devices
and the cloud server. Gateways may perform additional preprocessing tasks before
transmitting data to the cloud.
2. Cloud Server:
 Centralized Processing: The cloud server, typically located in a remote data center,
provides centralized processing and storage capabilities. It receives and processes data
from edge devices, performs complex computations, and stores data for long-term
analysis.
 Scalability: Cloud servers offer scalability to handle large volumes of data and
computational tasks from multiple edge devices.
3. End User:
 Application Interface: End users interact with applications or services that leverage
edge computing. These applications may run on edge devices or make use of the
computational capabilities of both edge devices and the cloud.
 User Devices: Devices such as smartphones, tablets, or computers that end users use to
access applications and services. These devices may interact with both edge devices
and the cloud.
 Chapter 4 : Applications of Edge Computing

Edge computing finds applications across various industries and use cases, leveraging its ability to
process data locally and reduce latency. Here are some notable applications of edge computing:
1. Internet of Things (IoT):
 Smart Cities: Edge computing enables real-time monitoring and control of various
urban systems, including traffic lights, waste management, and public safety, making
cities more efficient and responsive.
 Industrial IoT (IIoT): In manufacturing and industrial settings, edge computing
supports real-time analytics for predictive maintenance, quality control, and process
optimization.
2. Autonomous Vehicles:
 Real-time Decision-making: Edge computing facilitates immediate data processing
for autonomous vehicles, enabling quick decision-making for navigation, collision
avoidance, and other critical functions.
3. Healthcare:
 Remote Patient Monitoring: Edge computing allows for real-time analysis of health
data from wearable devices and medical sensors, enabling remote patient monitoring
and timely intervention.
 Medical Imaging: Edge devices can process medical imaging data locally, reducing
the need to transmit large files to centralized servers and allowing for faster diagnosis.
4. Retail:
 In-Store Analytics: Edge computing supports real-time analysis of customer behavior
and inventory data in retail stores, improving in-store analytics and personalized
customer experiences.
 Point of Sale (POS) Systems: Localized processing at the edge enhances the speed
and efficiency of POS systems, reducing transaction times.
5. Smart Grids:
 Energy Management: Edge computing in smart grids enables real-time monitoring
and control of energy distribution, optimizing energy usage and improving grid
reliability.
6. Video Surveillance:
 Object Recognition: Edge computing processes video data locally for tasks such as
object recognition and threat detection, reducing the need to transmit large amounts of
video footage to centralized servers.
7. Augmented Reality (AR) and Virtual Reality (VR):
 Immersive Experiences: Edge computing minimizes latency in AR and VR
applications, providing a more seamless and immersive user experience by processing
data locally.
 Chapter 5 : Challenges & Limitations of Edge Computing

While edge computing offers numerous advantages, it is not without its challenges and limitations.
Some of the key challenges include:

1. Security Concerns:
 Decentralized Security: Securing a distributed network of edge devices poses
challenges, and vulnerabilities at the edge may be exploited. Ensuring robust security
protocols and encryption is crucial.

2. Scalability Issues:
 Managing Growth: As the number of edge devices increases, managing and scaling
the infrastructure becomes complex. Ensuring that the system can effectively handle a
growing number of devices and applications is a challenge.

3. Resource Constraints:
 Limited Processing Power: Many edge devices have limited computational
capabilities. Optimizing algorithms and applications to work efficiently within these
constraints can be challenging.

4. Interoperability:
 Heterogeneous Ecosystems: The diverse nature of edge devices and platforms may
lead to interoperability challenges. Ensuring seamless communication and
compatibility among different devices and vendors is essential.

5. Data Management:
 Data Volume and Variety: Edge devices generate vast amounts of data in diverse
formats. Managing, processing, and storing this data locally can be challenging,
especially when considering the limited storage capacity of edge devices.
 Chapter 6 : Future Trends in Edge Computing

As technology continues to advance, several future trends are expected to shape the landscape of edge
computing. These trends reflect the ongoing evolution of the technology and its applications. Here are
some key future trends in edge computing:

1. 5G Integration:
 The rollout and widespread adoption of 5G networks will significantly enhance the
capabilities of edge computing by providing high-speed, low-latency connectivity.
This will enable more applications that demand real-time processing and
responsiveness.

2. AI at the Edge:
 Edge computing will increasingly incorporate artificial intelligence (AI) and machine
learning (ML) directly into edge devices. This trend is driven by the need for local
inference, allowing devices to make intelligent decisions without relying heavily on
centralized cloud resources.

3. Edge-to-Cloud Synergy:
 There will be a growing emphasis on a hybrid approach where edge computing and
cloud computing work synergistically. This collaboration will involve efficient data
sharing, workload distribution, and seamless integration between edge devices and
cloud services.

4. Edge Security Enhancements:

 As the number of edge devices grows, there will be a heightened focus on enhancing
security measures at the edge. This includes the development of more robust
encryption protocols, secure boot processes, and advanced threat detection
mechanisms.

5. Decentralized Autonomous Systems:

 Edge computing will play a critical role in the development of decentralized
autonomous systems, such as autonomous vehicles and drones. These systems will rely
on real-time processing at the edge for decision-making and navigation.
 Bibliography

The following are the resources which helped me to understand and present the topic of ‘Edge
Computing’:

Wikipedia:

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cloud_computing

EdgeX Foundry:

https://www.edgexfoundry.org

LF Edge:

https://www.lfedge.org

IEEE Xplore:

https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?arnumber=8789742

ResearchGate:

https://www.researchgate.net/publication/358785375_Edge_Computing_Application_Architecture_an
d_Challenges_in_Ubiquitous_Power_Internet_of_Things
 Conclusion

In conclusion, edge computing emerges as a pivotal force in the evolution of information

technology, offering a decentralized approach that significantly enhances data processing
capabilities. The report has illuminated the multifaceted advantages of edge computing, from low-
latency responses and bandwidth efficiency to improved security and privacy.

However, this transformative paradigm is not without its challenges. Security concerns, scalability
issues, and the need for effective management in a distributed environment present hurdle that
necessitate ongoing attention and innovation. Yet, the outlined future trends, including the
integration of 5G and AI at the edge, indicate a trajectory toward a more sophisticated and
interconnected computing landscape.