Unit 4: Electronic Money (Input 2)

Has he ever done any shopping on- Yes/ No

line from a website?

How many times has he done this? A few times

What types of things did he buy? I ordered his mother, CD to mum and dad book,
flower,
Has he done any personal on-line Yes / No
shopping?

How did he make the payments? Credit card

Does he know about different ways Yes/No

there are to do online shopping?
Pay Pal is a way of: paying directly bank account

Why hasn’t he thought of using credit card is safer

PayPals?

Flooz is: online currency, erning and spend money,

How long has he been using the smart since I started work 2 year
card?

What does he use the smart card for?

cantine, opens doors in campus

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Unit 4: Electronic Money (Input 2)

Concept Check Questions:

 Which statement/s refers to some time in the past?

 Which statement/s refers to a specific time in the past?
 Which statement/s refers to unfinished action (started in past and continues in the present)?

Task 2

Write definitions for simple past and present perfect tense based on the answers given to the questions above.

Simple Past Tense is used to express …………………………………………………………………………….. whereas, Present

Perfect is used to express ………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. .

Task 3

Write down the formula for each tense.

Simple Past Tense

Subject +

Present Perfect Tense

Subject+

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GRAMMAR - THE PRESENT PERFECT TENSE (HAVE/HAS + DONE) The Rules:

1. For actions which happened at unstated (belirtilmemiş) time in the past. The exact time is not mentioned because it is not important. The
action is more important.
Kim has bought a cell phone.

2. For actions which started in the past and are still continuing in the present.
He has been a car salesman since 1990. (He started working as a car salesman in 1990 and he still is a car salesman.)

3. For actions which have recently finished and their results are visible in the present.
A: What happened to your finger?
B: I've cut my finger. (Your finger is probably bleeding.)

4. With adverbs and expressions: today, this morning/afternoon when these periods of time are not finished at the time of speaking.)
He has smoked 10 cigarettes this morning. (It is still morning so this period of time is not finished.)

For  I have known him for two years.

Since  She has been ill since Monday.
They haven't seen each other since they finished university
Already  We have already eaten our lunch. (for positive sentences)
Just  I have just posted the letter.
*Always  She has always wanted to travel abroad.
*Never  They have never tried skiing.
Lately  I haven't seen him lately.
Recently  He has recently published a book.
Ever  Have you ever met anyone famous?
Yet  Has Paul left yet? (in questions)
She hasn't answered my letter yet. (in negative sentences)
How long  How long have you lived here?
So far (until now)  We have finished 7 units from the coursebook so far.
In the last/past five years, etc.  She has never been to her hometown in the last three months.
The superlative adjective + (that) ...have/has ever + V3  This is the most delicious ice-cream I have ever tasted.
*They have gone to the cinema. (They haven't come back yet. They are still at the cinema)
She has been to London. (She has visited London some time before. She is not there now.)

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PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS (HAVE/ HAS BEEN DOING)

1. We use Present perfect Continuous to emphasize that an activity which started in the past still continues.
E.g. She has read the book three times (activity finished).
She has been reading the book for a week (she is reading it).

2. Be careful with state verb and short action verbs which are not used in continuous tenses.

E.g. I have known him for three years. (NOT I’ve been knowing him for three years.)
She has run into her old friend recently. (NOT She has been running into her old friend.)

Exercise 1. Simple past or Present Perfect?

1. A: I went (go) to the new gym yesterday.

B: It's good, isn't it? I have been (go) there a few times.

2. A: Have you written (you / write) to Simon lately?

B: Yes, I wrote (write) him a letter last week.

3. A: How long have you been (you / be) married?

B. Only for six months. I got (get) married last December.

4. A: I have not seen (not /see) Sam for a long time.

B: Really? I saw (see) him yesterday at the swimming pool.

5. A: Have you typed (you / type) the report yet?

B: Yes, I finished (finish) it half an hour ago.

6. A: Mary has known (know) Peter for six years.

B. When did they meet (they / meet)?

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Unit 4: Electronic Money (Input 2)

A: When they were (be) at university together.

7. A: Have you ever played (you/ever/play) rugby?

B. Yes, I have. I played (play) for the first time last week.

8. A: James wrote (write) a new book last year.

B: I know. I’ve read (read) some great reviews about it in the newspaper.

Exercise 2. Put the verbs in brackets in the correct tense (Present Perfect, Past Simple, or Present Simple)

Remzi Koçoğlu is (be) a politician. He went (go) to İstanbul University in 1950, and in 1957 he became (become) a Member
of Parliament for the Turkey’s Path Party. He has been (be) an MP since then. He was (be) Defence Minister from 1964-70. He
has written (write) three books, including his autobiography The Time of my Life in Politics, and a novel called The Time to Heal.
He is married to the artist, Fatma Uçan, and they have two children. They live (live) in a house in the Lojman in Ankara.

Exercise 3: Complete the conversational exchanges using the given words.

1. A: Is Peter still looking for a job?

B: Yes. Unfortunately he hasn’t found one yet. (find / one / yet).

2. A: Would you like something to drink?

B: No, thanks. I have just had (just / have) some tea.

3. A: Why don’t you ask Paul to help you?

B: I have already asked (already / ask) but he’s busy.

4. A: Is Jane still writing the report?

B: Yes. She hasn’t finished yet. (finish / yet)

5. A: Don’t forget to post the letter.

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B: I have already posted (already / post)

6. A: Be careful! I have just painted the door. (paint / door / just)

Exercise 4: Read the situation and ask a question.

1. Mary bought a winter house in the Alps in 1981.Jack asks Helen about it.
Jack: How long have you been in the Alps?
Helen: Since 1981.

3. Jack is in a French restaurant. He is not sure whether to order snails or not; he

doesn’t know how they taste. You ask Eric about Jack.
You: Have you ever tasted snails?
Eric: No, never.
2. You are at a café with your friend. He wants to go to Spain and he asks you about it.
Tom: Have you ever been in Spain?
You: Yes, I have. I was there last summer.

4. Nicky and Victor are talking about their old classmate John. Nicky asks Victor about John.
Nicky: Have you talked to John lately?
Victor: Yes, I have. I phoned him yesterday.

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Present Perfect Simple and Continuous: For each sentence, choose the best form, either Present
Perfect Simple or Present Perfect Continuous.

1. I've been cleaning/cleaned this room all morning and now I'm exhausted!

2. Hurry up Jane! You've only finished/been finishing two questions and we have to write the answers
to five.

3. Tony has lived/been living with his uncle recently while he looks for a new apartment.

4. I've been learning/learnt English for over twelve years now.

5. That's a really nice watch you have Greg. How long have you had it/been having it?

6. My local hockey team are an embarrassment to everyone. The season finishes in two weeks and they
haven't won/haven't been winning a single game!!

7. Ouch! I've cut/been cutting my finger with that terrible knife again!

8. Sorry to arrive looking so untidy. I've been running/run as I missed the bus.

9. You know your dinner is in half an hour. How many of those chocolates have you eaten/been eating?

10. I've been finishing/finished writing my first novel at last. It should be published in the summer.

11. John has been phoning/phoned all morning. He really must need to speak to you!

12. I've visited/been visiting Russia every year since I was six. It's such a beautiful country.

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13. I've visited/been visiting Russia twice in my life.