IELTS 7.
WORK
ADVANTAGES
Dropping out - drop out of college => have time to
of college enroll in short-term vocational training
courses/ apply for part-time jobs =>
broaden practical work experience =>
gain an edge over other candidates
who acquire less hands-on experience
specific to the job => boost the chance
of getting the job
- struggle with heavy academic
demands/overloaded with rigorous
coursework and high-stakes testing =>
decide to drop out of college => relieve
stress from sustaining academic
excellence => help avoid serious
mental problems
Internships - do summer internships => acquire
familiarity with worksite culture and
communication => demonstrate
first-hand knowledge about a
professional working environment =>
likely to make a favorable impression
upon the employers when applying for
other jobs/positions later on =>
increase one’s chance of getting the
jobs and pave the way for better job
prospects
- do summer internships relating to
one’s college major => have to cope
with heavy work obligations => forced
to maximize one’s field knowledge
acquisition and mobilization and gain
mastery of tools for doing research,
presentation,... => in turn help students
shift to more effective learning
strategies at schools => boost
students’ academic performance =>
earn them good grades and glowing
recommendations from
professors/academic supervisors
DISADVANTAGES
- drop out of university/college => fail
to obtain a university degree => at a
disadvantage when apply for a
well-paid job/high-powered position
=> obliged to do a job with a lower
salary => earn less and it takes longer
to further the career than people who
have graduated with a degree
- drop out of college against parents’
will => give rise intrafamilial conflicts
=> detract from the relationships
between family members => leads to a
lack of family support for the
decisions one makes later in their life
- earn a competitive summer
internship => have to work hard to
meet the deadlines and win good
performance ratings => leads to a lack
of self-care, physical exercise and
stress relief activities => quickly
descend into physical and mental
health problems
- do internships => receive little or no
payment => student trainees with
limited financial resources are unable
to cover living expenses for the
duration of the internships => have to
borrow money => be in a constant
condition of poor financial health
 IELTS 7.0
Employee - lay off employees => spend less
Layoff financial resources on payroll => cut
down on business cost => appropriate
money for urgent causes such paying
off debts or making up for a lack of
profits => help the company survive
possible business failures and
insolvency during economic crises
- downsize the workforce => filter out
unqualified workers => put an end to
the release of low quality products =>
allocate resources to hiring more
competent workers and staff => retain
the companies’ reputation after
reputation damaging events
Causes
Gender pay - Some employers hold traditional
gap (for views on gender roles => assume
women) discriminatory attitudes towards
female employees/ workers => pay
them less than their male co-workers
who perform the same amounts of
work => create a gender pay gap
- in some regions, most women identify
themselves as primary caregivers =>
prioritize the fulfilment of care + family
responsibilities => more likely to take
career breaks/report off-rampings =>
affect their work performance => result
in low earning power, compared to
male employees => contribute to
widening the gender pay gap
- carry out employee layoffs => former
employees are made redundant and
face unemployment => commit
wrongdoings => unemployment rate
climbs up during massive layoffs and
recessions => crime rate escalates =>
have negative social implications
- lay off employees => cause a loss of
meaningful relationships made
between colleagues => leads to a drop
in employee morale and job
satisfaction => negatively influence
worker’s productivity and work output
Problems
- firms fail to implement equal pay rate
for men and women => female
employees lack the motivation to
pursue professional development =>
there will be less well-qualified female
workers => leads to lower productivity
in areas where women attributes
serve better
- gender gap pay remains untackled =>
women stay on the bottom rungs of
the social ladder => male colleagues
look down on them and subject them
to issues such as mansplaining and
benevolent sexism => aggravate
workplace gender inequality