Photomicrograph Power-up Exercise

Class: Name: ( ) Marks: /10

Neuromuscular junction
Coverage:
Ch 7 Gas exchange in humans
Ch 17 Movement in humans ()
Ch 21 Respiration ()

Electron micrograph I shows a neuromuscular junction in the diaphragm of humans. Electron

micrograph II shows the detailed structure of organelle X.

Electron micrograph I

nerve terminal

vesicle
muscle fibre
organelle X of diaphragm

(×12 000)

Electron micrograph II

P
Q
R

(×60 000)
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Level 1
a Terminal of which type of nerve fibre is shown in electron micrograph I? Explain your
answer. (2 marks)

_________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________
 Neuromuscular junction Ch 17 p. 24

b Using the letters in electron photograph II, complete the table below to show the part of
organelle X where the following stages of aerobic respiration occurs. (3 marks)

Stage of aerobic respiration Glycolysis Krebs cycle Oxidative phosphorylation

Part of organelle X

 Respiration Ch 21 p. 10

Level 2

c Muscle fibres of the diaphragm and the nerve terminals associated with them contain a lot
of organelle X. State the significance of this. (2 marks)

_________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________

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 Respiration Ch 21 p. 8

d A certain drug can stimulate the release of more contents from the vesicles shown in
electron micrograph I. Suggest one possible effect of this drug on breathing. Explain
your answer. (3 marks)

_________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________
 Breathing action Ch 7 p. 24

Related DSE questions

Bio 2018 IA Q11
Bio 2017 IA Q7
Bio 2015 IB Q5

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New Senior Secondary Mastering Biology (Third Edition)
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 Answers
a Axon. Its terminal contains vesicles of neurotransmitter. 1m×2
b Glycolysis: R; Krebs cycle: P; Oxidative phosphorylation: Q 1m×3
c Organelle X (mitochondrion) is the main site of ATP production in aerobic respiration.
Muscle fibres contain a lot of mitochondria so that they can produce a large amount of energy for
muscle contraction. 1m
Axon terminals contain a lot of mitochondria so that they can produce a large amount of energy for
synthesis of neurotransmitter. 1m
d The drug may increase the depth of breathing. 1m
When more neurotransmitters are released from the vesicles and bind to the receptors on the
membrane of muscle fibres of the diaphragm, 1m
the muscle fibres generate more electrical impulses, leading to a stronger muscle contraction.
Breathing becomes deeper when the diaphragm muscles contract more strongly. 1m
(Total: 10 m)

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