Question 1

Place a cross in the box next to one answer that you think is correct.
(a) What is the name of the organelle in the diagram below?

J Nucleus

K Ribosome

L Rough endoplasmic reticulum

M Golgi body

(1 mark)

(b) The image below shows rod cells (yellow) and cone cells (green) in the retina of the eye.

Which type of microscope was used to take this image?

J Light microscope

K Transmission electron microscope

L Scanning electron microscope

M Atomic force microscope

(1 mark)
(c) The diagram below shows the cytoskeleton of a eukaryotic cell.

Which of the following statements is false?

J The cytoskeleton is constructed from centrosomes in animal cells.

K The cytoskeleton is not present in plant cells
L The cytoskeleton maintains the shape and structure of animal cells
M The cytoskeleton is located in the cytoplasm of animal cells

(1 mark)
(d) Which of the following is present in plant cells but not animal cells?

J Cell wall
K Vacuole
L Vesicle
M Mitochondrion

(1 mark)
(e) Idioblasts are plant cells that store waste materials and toxic products.
Which of the following characteristics of life is facilitated by idioblasts?

J Respiration
K Growth
L Excretion
M Sensitivity

(1 mark)
(f) What is the total magnification of an image observed through a light microscope with an
ocular lens of 10x and an objective lens of 100x?

J 100x
K 10x
L 10,000x
M 1,000x

(1 mark)
(g) The image below is an LM of a section through a leaf from an aquatic plant.

Which of the following statements is false?

J The green coloured organelles absorb sunlight

K The green coloured organelles are located in the cytoplasm of the cells
L The green coloured organelles contain DNA
M The green coloured organelles produce carbon dioxide and water

(1 mark)
(h) Which of the following is not a function of cilia?

J Detecting sensory stimuli in the environment outside a cell

K Moving cells between two locations in the body
L Trapping pathogens, dirt and dust in the airways
M Moving a female egg cell through the reproductive tract

(1 mark)
(i) A biologist observes a specimen under a microscope and the resulting image has a total
magnification of 80,000x.
Which of the following microscopes was used by the biologist?

J Scanning electron microscope

K Transmission electron microscope
L Light microscope
M Either J or K

(1 mark)
(j) Which of the following organelles does not contain DNA?

J Centrosome
K Chloroplast
L Mitochondrion
M Nucleus

(1 mark)
Question 2
The diagram below shows a light microscope.

(a) Name the components of the microscope below.

Part Name
A

H
(4 marks)
(b) State the primary function of the components below.

Part Primary function

B

G
(4 marks)
(c) A biologist looks through the eyepiece and notes that the image is blurred.
State one appropriate correction that can be made to make the image clearer.

(1 mark)
(d) The biologist notes that the image is too small to see the nucleus of the cells.
State one appropriate correction that can be made to increase the image size.
 (1 mark)
Question 3
The image below is a scanning electron micrograph of an aquatic animal called a tardigrade.

(a) A tardigrade is capable of carrying out life processes, including respiration, growth, excretion,
and sensitivity.
Name three other life processes carried out by a tardigrade.

(3 marks)
(b) The actual length of the tardigrade in the image is 360 µm.
There are 10,000 µm in one cm.
Calculate the magnification of the image.

(3 marks)
(c) State two advantages of a scanning electron micrograph (SEM) instead of a light micrograph
(LM) for imaging a tardigrade.

(2 marks)
Question 4
The image below shows several organelles in a human liver cell.

(a) The rough ER is coloured green in the image.

(1) Name the blue particles attached to the surface of the rough ER.

(1 mark)
(2) State the primary function of the rough ER in a liver cell.

(1 mark)
(3) State the likely function of the lysosome that is next to the rough ER in the image above.

(1 mark)
(b) The liver cell has several mitochondria.
(1) Name two chemical substances that move into a mitochondrion for respiration.

(2 marks)
(2) Estimate the actual length of the labelled mitochondrion in the diagram in µm.
(3 marks)