Ethics and Issues in Contemporary

Nursing Canadian 3rd Edition

Burkhardt Test Bank
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Chapter 10 – Practice Issues Related to End-Of-Life Care

1. Which of the following can be both a benefit and a challenge resulting from technological advances in health
care?
a. supporting healthy living
b. availability and cost
c. prolonging life
d. alleviating suffering
ANSWER: c

2. Since a prime nursing focus is to relieve suffering, what must nurses understand about health care
technologies?
a. They are good because they always support a patient’s health and well-being.
b. They may cause conflict between doing good and avoiding harm to patients.
c. They are necessary interventions even if they cause patients to suffer.
d. They may cause nurses to do harmful things to patients against their wishes.
ANSWER: b

3. To appropriately utilize health care technology, what must health care providers, patients, and families
understand?
a. its purpose, benefits, and limitations
b. its cost, availability, and usefulness
c. its outcomes, benefits, and costs
d. its risks, availability, and purpose
ANSWER: a

4. What does the nurse need to understand about assessing a patient’s quality of life (QOL)?
a. It is an objective measure of comfort and factors that make life worth living.
b. It is considered good only if the patient feels fulfilled and can be independent.
c. It generally means the same thing to most patients, families, and nurses.
d. It includes subjective ideas about conditions of life and functional ability.
ANSWER: d

5. What ethical dilemma may arise from the use of life-sustaining technologies associated with health care
providers ?
a. having each person define a quality of life
b. when families typically opt for fewer interventions
c. that technology permits a more peaceful death
d. the idea that death is an enemy to be overcome
ANSWER: d

6. What is nursing’s role in death and dying?

a. facilitating the use of extraordinary measures to avoid death
b. supporting the physician’s role in curing
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Chapter 10 – Practice Issues Related to End-Of-Life Care

c. working with patients and families to support a dignified death
d. helping to determine the pronouncement of death
ANSWER: c

7. Which of the following is synonymous with palliative care?

a. support of patients who face illness that is not responsive to curative treatment
b. aggressive treatment of chronic health problems to support symptom relief
c. short-term treatment for an episode of illness in an urgent manner
d. delivery of co-ordinated and continuous services for an acute disease or illness
ANSWER: a

8. According to Taylor (1950), how might the subject of medical futility be approached?
a. whether the intervention is prolonging living or prolonging dying
b. as non-beneficial, with involvement of parties regarding what is a benefit or a burden
c. as treatment valued by the patient but not medically indicated
d. that only the perspective of the physician determines what is a futile measure
ANSWER: c

9. How can withholding or removing treatments where the burden or harm to the person is determined to
outweigh the benefits be viewed?
a. as allowing the person to die as a result of the natural progression of the disease process
b. as causing the painless death of the person in order to end or prevent more suffering
c. as providing the person the means to end his or her own life when he or she is ready to die
d. as following the directives to avoid suffering included in do not resuscitate orders
ANSWER: a

10. According to the textbook, what does the term “medical futility” mean?
a. a physician alone defining overall treatment and the value of medically indicated care
b. causing the painless death of the person in order to end suffering
c. treatment beneficial to both physical and overall well-being
d. treatment valued by the patient but not medically indicated
ANSWER: d

11. What is the term for a situation where a competent patient is refusing food or fluid when there is a prediction
of death, yet the family requests tube feeding?
a. medical futility
b. advance directives
c. technological dilemma
d. palliative care
ANSWER: a

12. What is the legal indication associated with a do not resuscitate (DNR) order?
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Chapter 10 – Practice Issues Related to End-Of-Life Care

a. Medical therapies and interventions are to be avoided.
b. Life-sustaining interventions are to be discontinued.
c. Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is to be avoided.
d. Palliative care is to be discontinued or avoided.
ANSWER: c

13. In which circumstance does Curtin suggest that artificial sources of nutrition may be terminated?
a. when utilizing other technologies at the end of life
b. when there is a reliable prediction of permanent unconsciousness
c. when other interventions will relieve a patient’s suffering
d. when changes in the patient’s condition will eventually lead to starvation
ANSWER: b

14. What is the term for instructions designating someone to act as a surrogate in a very specific context if one
loses decision-making capacity?
a. guardian ad litem
b. advance directives
c. self-determination
d. do not resuscitate
ANSWER: a

15. Regardless of technological development and scientific advances, what are the important considerations for
nursing to relate to?
a. basing decisions on personal values
b. acknowledging the importance of advanced technology
c. being attentive to technology
d. maintaining the human focus of care
ANSWER: d

16. Why should family and friends be encouraged to touch and talk to the actively dying patient?
a. Increased stimulation to the patient reduces the need for pain medication.
b. The human contact and caring is helpful to both the patient and the family.
c. It reduces the need for complex technologies at the end of life.
d. It increases the family’s comfort in providing further elements of care to the patient.
ANSWER: b

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