ANTARCTICA

PRESENTED BY: JOSE LEONORE VILLENA

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MAP OF ANTARCTICA

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 The history of Antarctica emerges from early Western theories of a vast continent,
known as Terra Australis, believed to exist in the far south of the globe. The
term Antarctic, referring to the opposite of the Arctic Circle, was coined by Marinus
of Tyre in the 2nd century AD.

HISTORY OF ANTARCTICA
In 1773, James Cook British Explorer cartographer and naval officer. His crew crossed
the Antarctic Circle for the first time. Although he discovered new islands, he did not
sight the continent itself. It is believed that he came as close as 240 km (150 mi)
from the mainland. On 27 January 1820, a Russian expedition led by Fabian Gottlieb
von Bellingshausen and Mikhail Lazarev discovered an ice shelf at Princess Martha
Coast that later became known as the Fimbul Ice Shelf. Bellingshausen and Lazarev
became the first explorers to see and officially discover the land of
the continent of Antarctica. Three days later, on 30 January 1820, a British
expedition captained by Irishman Edward Bransfield sighted Trinity Peninsula, and
ten months later an American sealer, Nathaniel Palmer, sighted Antarctica on 17
November 1820. The first landing was most likely just over a year later when
American Captain John Davis, a sealer, set foot on the ice.
Several expeditions attempted to reach the South Pole in the early 20th century,
during the "Heroic Age of Antarctic Exploration". Many resulted in injury and
death. Norwegian Roald Amundsen finally reached the Pole on 14 December 1911,
following a dramatic race with the Briton Robert Falcon Scott.
Emilio Marcos Des Palma Morella (born 7 January 1978) is an Argentine man who
was the first documented person born on the continent of Antarctica .
JAMES COOK FABIAN MIKHAIL LAZAREV NATHANIEL PALMER
BELLINGSHAUSHEN
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ABOUT
ANTARCTICA
ANTARCTICA IS THE WORLD'S
SOUTHERNMOST CONTINENT. IT IS
ALSO THE DRIEST, WINDIEST,
COLDEST, AND ICIEST CONTINENT.
IT IS THE WORLD'S HIGHEST
CONTINENT, WITH AN AVERAGE
ELEVATION OF ABOUT 7,200 FEET
6 (2,200 METERS) ABOVE SEA LEVEL.
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INTRODUCTION
Antarctica is the largest ice sheet in the worldMore
than 98% of Antarctica is covered with ice. This makes
it the largest ice sheet in the world, with Greenland
coming in second. It is estimated that Antarctica
contains around 90% of the world's ice, and if it all
melted, sea levels would rise by around 60 metres.
Antarctica is the world's highest, driest, windiest and
coldest continent. Its record low temperature is -94°C.
But it doesn't actually snow much – the Antarctic is so
dry it's classed as a polar desert. And it's in darkness
part of the year..

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FACTS AND TOURISM ACTIVITIES
OF ANTARCTICA
FACT
Antarctica, the southernmost continent and site of the
South Pole, is a virtually uninhabited, ice-covered
landmass. Most cruises to the continent visit the Antarctic
Peninsula, which stretches toward South America. It’s
known for the Lemaire Channel and Paradise Harbor,
striking, iceberg-flanked passageways, and Port Lockroy, a
former British research station turned museum. The
peninsula’s isolated terrain also shelters rich wildlife,
including many penguins.

As per Guinness World Records, the two ATMs located in

Antarctica's McMurdo Station are the most southerly, and
isolated cash machines (ATMs). The two ATMs were
installed by American banking conglomerate Wells Fargo
25 years ago (in 1998) at McMurdo Station, the largest
science hub on the continent.
SUSTAINABLE TOURISM ACTIVITIES

There is a whole host of activities that tourists can do in

Antarctica including water sports, wildlife excursions and
mountain climbing, but there are also activities that help
ongoing scientific research.
TOURISM ACTIVITIES
The International Association of Antarctica
Tour Operators (IAATO) are the main tourism
body for Antarctica, which are made up of
seven of the largest Antarctic tour operators
[7]. IAATO have a series of sustainable goals
which are in line with the Protocol on
Environmental Protection such as a limited
impact on the Antarctic environment, they
help spread awareness of environmental
issues, and support Antarctic science with
logistical support and research.
5 BEST TOURIST ATTRACTION IN
ANTARCTICA
SNOW HILL ISLAND
Snow Hill Island is located in the Wendell Sea and is
seldom visited since it is often locked in ice, making
approach by even ice-strengthened vessels
impossible. But that doesn’t mean you can’t get
there using other means, which we’ll cover later in
this article.
 NEUMAYER CHANNEL’S WIENCKE
ISLAND
is a fantastic Antarctica attraction for this purpose. And
Port - Lockroy, or more specifically Jougla Point, offers
you the chance to not only kayak but also meet gentoo
penguins and blue-eyed shag, two beloved Antarctic
seabirds.
 MELCHIOR ISLANDS
The Melchior Islands, a stunning polar landscape
where you can view icebergs, leopard seals, crabeater
seals, and whales, is an excellent area for both for
kayaking and scuba diving.
 CUVERVILLE ISLAND AND
DANCO ISLAND
Not surprisingly, whales are among the chief
attractions in Antarctica.
Like penguins, you can see whales in many
offshore areas around Antarctica. But also like
penguins, there are a few ideal hotspots: Cuverville
Island and Danco Island, Petermann Island, and
Pléneau Island are all great whale-watching
Antarctic attractions.

They’re also good for gentoo penguins, seals, and

skuas. Neko Harbor and Paradise Harbor , iconic
Antarctica attractions in themselves, are also great
places to spot humpbacks and minkes – along with
gargantuan glaciers.
DUSE BAY AND DEVIL ISLAND
Duse Bay is another Antarctica attraction we have to
mention. There a helicopter flight may deposit you
on a rocky hillock close to an old refuge hut
overlooking this charming bay.

You might also visit Devil Island (home to a large

Adélie colony), Brown Bluff (which also has an
Adélie colony and is perhaps the most scenic
location in the northern tip of the continent), and
Gourdin Island (with chinstrap, gentoo, and Adélie
penguins).
8 amazing activities in
Antarctica
• Wildlife watching
• Explore deserted islands with a difference
• Hiking & mountaineering
• Sea kayaking
• Snowshoeing
• Scuba diving & polar swimming
• On-board lecture
• Fly across the Drake Passage
SALAMAT
INGAT PO