1.

Internet: An electronic communications network that connects computer networks and

organizational computer facilities around the world —used with the except when being used
attributively (Merriam-Webster, 1986).

2. World Wide Web : A part of the Internet accessed through a graphical user interface and
containing documents often connected by hyperlinks (Merriam-Webster, 1990)

3. Web browser : A web browser takes you anywhere on the internet, letting you see text, images
and video from anywhere in the world. (What Is a Web Browser?, n.d.)

4. Bandwidth : The capacity for data transfer of an electronic communications system (Merriam-
Webster, 1902)

5. Broadband : Of, relating to, or being a high-speed communications network and especially one
in which a frequency range is divided into multiple independent channels for simultaneous
transmission of signals (such as voice, data, or video) (Merriam-Webster, 1929)

6. Modem : A device that converts signals produced by one type of device (such as a computer) to
a form compatible with another (such as a telephone) and that is used especially to transmit and
receive information between computers via landlines. (Merriam-Webster, 1952)

7. Memory : Memory is the electronic holding place for the instructions and data a computer
needs to reach quickly. It’s where information is stored for immediate use. Memory is one of the
basic functions of a computer, because without it, a computer would not be able to function
properly. Memory is also used by a computer’s operating system, hardware and software. (Gillis,
2020)

8. Disk Space : Disk space refers to the amount of storage capacity available on a computer’s hard
drive or other storage device. It is measured in units such as bytes, kilobytes, megabytes, and
gigabytes, and determines how much data can be stored on the device. (What Is Disk Space?
Web Hosting Glossary, 2023)
 9. Virus : A computer virus is malicious code that replicates by copying itself to another program,
computer boot sector or document and changes how a computer works. (Chapple et al., 2021)

10. Spyware : Spyware is a type of malicious software – or malware – that is installed on a

computing device without the end user’s knowledge. It invades the device, steals sensitive
information and internet usage data, and relays it to advertisers, data firms or external users.
(Gillis et al., 2021)

Trojan- Trojan or Trojan horse is the name given to a computer virus. It is a type of computer software
that is camouflaged in the form of regular software such as utilities, games and sometimes even
antivirus programs. (https://m.economictimes.com/definition/trojan)

Worm- is a subset of the Trojan horse malware that can propagate or self-replicate from one computer
to another without human activation after breaching a system. Typically, a worm spreads across a
network through your Internet or LAN (Local Area Network) connection.

( https://www.malwarebytes.com/computer-worm#:~:text=Worm%20definition%20(computer),(Local
%20Area%20Network)%20connection.)

Malware- short for malicious software, refers to any intrusive software developed by cybercriminals
(often called hackers) to steal data and damage or destroy computers and computer systems. Examples
of common malware include viruses, worms, Trojan viruses, spyware, adware, and ransomware.

(https://www.cisco.com/site/us/en/products/security/what-is-malware.html#:~:text=Malware%2C
%20short%20for%20malicious%20software,spyware%2C%20adware%2C%20and%20ransomware.)

Bits – A bit is a binary digit, the smallest increment of data on a computer. A bit can hold only one of two
values: 0 or 1, corresponding to the electrical values of off or on, respectively. ( https://kb.iu.edu/d/ackw
)

Bytes - is a unit of data that is eight binary digits long. A byte is the unit most computers use to
represent a character such as a letter, number or typographic symbol. (
https://www.techtarget.com/searchstorage/definition/byte#:~:text=In%20most%20computer
%20systems%2C%20a,larger%20unit%20for%20application%20purposes.)
Reboot – is to reload the operating system of a computer: to start it up again.

( https://www.vocabulary.com/dictionary/reboot )

Cookie - (often known as internet cookies) are text files with small pieces of data — like a username and
password — that are used to identify your computer as you use a network.

( https://www.kaspersky.com/resource-center/definitions/cookies )

Firewall – is a network security device that monitors incoming and outgoing network traffic and permits
or blocks data packets based on a set of security rules.

( https://www.forcepoint.com/cyber-edu/firewall#:~:text=A%20firewall%20is%20a%20network,a%20set
%20of%20security%20rules. )

Spam – is any unsolicited communication sent in bulk. Usually sent via email, spam is also distributed
through text messages (SMS), social media, or phone calls.

( https://www.avast.com/c-spam#:~:text=Spam%20is%20any%20unsolicited%20communication,a
%20fraudulent%20or%20malicious%20scam. )

Captcha – (Completely Automated Public Turing test to tell Computers and Humans Apart) is a type of
security measure known as challenge-response authentication.

( https://support.google.com/a/answer/1217728?hl=en#:~:text=CAPTCHA%20(Completely
%20Automated%20Public%20Turing,known%20as%20challenge%2Dresponse%20authentication. )