Ashennette Jewel P.

Rotazo September 06, 2023

BSTM 1-C Mrs. Cherri C. Sorrida

Readings in Philippine History

LIFE OF FERDINAND
E. MARCOS
Ferdinand E. Marcos was born on September
11, 1917 in Sarrat, Ilocos Norte. His parents,
Mariano Marcos and Josefa Edralin, were both
teachers.From 1923 to 1929, he attended the
Sarrat Central School, Shamrock Elementary
School in Laoag and the Ermita Elementary
School in Manila. He finished high school and
liberal arts course at the University of the
Philippines. While still a student, he was
commissioned as third lieutenant (apprentice
officer) in the Philippine Constabulary Reserve
after having been an ROTC battalion
commander.
In 1935, Assemblyman Julio Nalundasan, a
political rival of his father, was shot dead.
Suspicion for the crime fell on the Marcoses.
Ferdinand Marcos who was arrested on a
charge of conspiracy to murder, was tried, and
found guilty in 1939. He argued his case on
appeal to the Supreme Court, luckily winning
an acquittal a year later.
In the summer of 1939 he received his bachelors
degree, cum laude from the U.P. College of
Law. He would have been a class valedictorian
and magna cum laude had he not been He became Senator after he served as member of the House of
imprisoned for the Nalundasan murder. The Representatives for three terms, then later as Minority Floor Leader
case prevented him from attending several before gaining the Senate Presidency. He is one of the legislators
who had established a record for having introduced a number of
weeks of classes. He reviewed for the bar
significant bills, many of which found their way into the Republic
examinations while in prison. He bailed
statute books.
himself out in order to take the examination,
He was elected President of the Philippines in 1965 and was
where he emerged topnotcher in November of reelected in 1969. On September 21, 1972, Marcos imposed martial
the same year. He became trial lawyer in law and he stayed in power until 1986, after the historic four-day “
Manila. People Power ” revolution at EDSA.
During World War II, he served as an officer in Marcos went on exile in Hawaii, where he died on September 28,
the Armed Forces of the Philippines. As a 1989. He left behind his wife, Imelda and their three children: Maria
lawyer and a master politician, Marcos led a Imelda Josefa Trinidad (Imee), Ferdinand Jr. (Bongbong), and Irene
most a interesting and controversial political Victoria.
Thus far, he is the last Senate President to become President of the
career both before and after his term as Senate
Philippines.
President.
EDSA Revolution 1
The People Power Revolution, also known as the EDSA
Revolution or the February Revolution was a series of popular
demonstrations in the Philippines, mostly in Metro Manila,
from February 22 to 25, 1986. There was a sustained campaign
of civil resistance against regime violence and electoral fraud.
The nonviolent revolution led to the departure of Ferdinand
Marcos, the end of his 20-year dictatorship and the restoration
of democracy in the Philippines.
It is also referred to as the Yellow Revolution due to the
presence of yellow ribbons during demonstrations (in
reference to the Tony Orlando and Dawn song "Tie a Yellow
Ribbon Round the Ole Oak Tree") as a symbol of protest
following the assassination of Filipino senator Benigno
"Ninoy" Aquino, Jr. in August 1983 upon his return to the The protests, fueled by the resistance and opposition
Philippines from exile. It was widely seen as a victory of the after years of governance by President Marcos and his
people against two decades of presidential rule by President cronies, ended with the ruler, his family, and some of
Marcos, and made news headlines as "the revolution that their supporters fleeing to exile in Hawaii; and Ninoy
surprised the world". Aquino's widow, Corazon Aquino, inaugurated as the
The majority of the demonstrations took place on a long eleventh President of the Philippines.
stretch of Epifanio de los Santos Avenue, more commonly
known by its acronym EDSA, in Metro Manila from February
22 to 25, 1986. They involved over two million Filipino
civilians, as well as several political and military groups, and
EDSA Revolution 2
religious groups led by Cardinal Jaime Sin, the Archbishop of
The Second EDSA Revolution, also known as the Second
Manila, along with Catholic Bishops' Conference of the
People Power Revolution, EDSA 2001, or EDSA II
Philippines President Cardinal Ricardo Vidal, the Archbishop
(pronounced EDSA Two or EDSA Dos), was a political
of Cebu.
protest from January 17–20, 2001 which peacefully
overthrew the government of Joseph Estrada, the
thirteenth president of the Philippines. Following
allegations of corruption against Estrada and his
subsequent investigation by Congress, impeachment
proceedings against the president were opened on
January 16. The decision by several senators not to
examine a letter which would purportedly prove
Estrada's guilt sparked large protests at the EDSA
Shrine in Metro Manila, and calls for Estrada's
resignation intensified in the following days, with the
Armed Forces withdrawing their support for the
president on January 19. On January 20 Estrada
resigned and fled Malacañang Palace with his family.
He was succeeded by Vice President Gloria Macapagal
Arroyo, who had been sworn into the presidency by
Chief Justice Hilario Davide Jr. several hours earlier.