1. what is the stand of the author on the alleged Rizal retraction?

The author's stance on Rizal's alleged retraction is not explicitly stated. To understand their perspective,
analyze the author's content, consider their background, beliefs, and biases, and critically examine their
work to gain insights.

2. how did the author defend his arguments? explain your answer
3. what were the issues raised by Fr. Cavanna Concerning Rizal retraction?

Father Cavanna raised concerns about Rizal's retraction, including its authenticity, coercion,
inconsistencies, and lack of witnesses. He argued that Rizal's strong convictions might have led him to
retraction, and that his imprisonment and fear of execution might have influenced his decision. Cavanna
also highlighted inconsistencies between Rizal's retraction and his previous writings, and the absence of
witnesses, which he believed cast doubt on the validity of the retraction.

4. according to cavanna, did Rizal retract his Catholicism? why? or why not?

Cavanna argues that there is no concrete evidence that Filipino national hero Jose Rizal retracted his
Catholicism. Rizal's religious beliefs evolved over time, and his desire for reforms was not a complete
rejection of Catholicism. The question remains a matter of interpretation.

5. what were proofs presented by cavanna for his arguments?