Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Pune

Quiz 2, Spring 2023.

Course name: Classical Mechanics Course code: PH2213

Date: 31.03.2023 Duration: 1 hour
Instructor: Bijay Kumar Agarwalla Total marks: 15

• The question paper consists of 3 questions. Please answer all questions.

1. Consider the Lagrangian

1
L = m ẋ2 ! 2 x2 e t
2
that describes the motion of a particle of mass m in one dimension. The constants m, , ! are
real and positive.

(a) Construct the Hamiltonian H(x, p) = pẋ L (2-marks)

(b) Obtain a second order di↵erential equation in time for x from the Hamiltonian (1-mark)
(c) Is the Hamiltonian a constant of motion? Give reasoning. (1-mark)

(C) 1 =
=

mix2-wixYert
I
=>

E
=
=
myert -> X= Iert
H(x,p) 4X
=
-
L

=
ert-ert mixer
+
H(x,p) =

er+Imwxre - (2)

(b) x t
=
=
Iert
Ut
i =

-
E = - maxe

It

Eq(mxerty=-maxe
met + mic-rerut=-max
(I)
I

-
- x -rx rx +
=
0.

1
The Hamiltonian is nota constant of motion

as, it is time dependent.

* to. ⑪
2. The poisson bracket between two functions is defined as
@u @v @u @v
{u, v} =
@q @p @p @q
where q and p represents the generalized coordinate and generalized momentum, respectively.
From this definition, determine the poisson bracket for (i) {x, Ly } and (ii) {px , Ly } where px is
the linear momentum component in the x-direction. Ly is the angular momentum component
along the y direction. (2-marks)

Ly ZPa-UPE
=

[x,Ly3 [x,z4n3-[4,x4z3
=

=\x,z3an+ z n,in3 -[4, n3Yz -uSn,Pz3

= Z Arl

or
\x, z3 0.
=

\x,x} 0.
=

Ex, Pz3 0.
=

[Px,Ly3 =
[Pu, ZPn3 -E Pu, nPz3
-
8 -

[Pn, x3 Pz- uSpr, 43 =

die= + A ns
Pz

2
 3. Consider a system with the following kinetic energy and potential energy,
1 1
T = m ẋ2 + ẏ 2 , and V = k(x2 + y 2 ) ⌘xy
2 2
(a) Determine the normal mode frequencies for this problem. (2-marks)
(b) For what value of ⌘, a zero frequency normal mode is possible? State the reason (1-mark)
(c) Find out the normal coordinates. (2-marks)
(d) Simplify the Lagrangian L = T V in terms of these normal coordinates. ( 2-marks)
(e) Obtain the equation of motion of the normal coordinates from the above simplified La-
grangian. (1-mark)
(f) Briefly describe what could happen for the general solution of x(t), y(t) in case of ⌘ > k.
(1-mark)

⇤ ⇤ ⇤ ⇤ ⇤ ⇤ ⇤⇤

Some important formulas:

{u, {v, w}} = {u, v}w + v{u, w}

a)
T ***
=
with 1 m)!i)
=

v =
=

x
x x
with i =

I- YI
velnes: det /IV-wixl 0
=

I
K-mar-n
I
-
O
=

n k-maV
k-me =
n ②
(k-maY yr t
=

I =

I mar= k
y
=

=
3
3) For Y=K, zero normal mode is
possible.
Translational symmetr vixiy) =

2k(x-y)

coordinatethe
e)
one outer e

hanformation"
②
2 -
3
42 =

E
The transformation matrix

s
vt
=

(ii)
(ii) s(v) = A

Sinn 1, i(n
= +

y)

22 i(n 3)
= -

iz(n 4)
A n = +

I
(-)
=

=
Im inrit- I(n)
+

7(7Y 42) -

I
m (en) I(prenY +
I (n-nt
=Emcrn;Y-I(ken) n,
② -

(k n) n
+

(e) -(Y) -

? ②
mi, +(k-n)
0
4
=

2 0
miz (ken)
=

+
All Fo nyk one ofthe nonnel mode

will lead to
eisenvalues is negative. This

unstable motion with cordinates diverging

exponentially in time.