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    NSCP 6101-15 Chapter 5 STRUCTURAL STEEL NATIONAL STRUCTURAL CODE OF THE PHILIPPINES VOLUME | BUILDINGS, TOWERS AND OTHER VERTICAL STRUCTURES SEVENTH EDITION, 2015 Association of Structural Engineers of the Philippines, Inc. Suite 713, Future Point Plaza Condominium 1 112 Panay Avenue, Quezon City, Philippines 1100 Tel. No. : (+632) 410-0483 Fax No, : (+632) 411-8606 Email: ssepooline@amail.cam Website:http;//www.aseponline.org National Structural Code of the Philippines Volume |, 7h Edition, 2015 CHAPTER 5: Table of Contents SOLL Scope. 501.2 Referenced Specifications, Coes and Standards... S013 Matetial osessunsnononsnnsonen 501.4 Structural Design Drawings and Specifications. SECTION $02 - DESIGN REQUIREMENTS .esrsesn 502.1 General Provisions. a $802.2 Loads and Load Combinations 502.3. Design Basi... 502.4 Classification of Sections for Local Buckling... 5025 Fabrication, Erection and Quality Control 502.6 Evaluation of Existing Structure... SKCTION $03 - STABILITY ANALYSIS AND DESIGN ..... 503.1 Stability Design Requiremews. 503.2 Calculation of Required Strengths. SECTION 504 - DESIGN OF MEMBERS FOR TENSION 5304.1 Slendemness Limitations: 304.2 Tensile Strength 504.3. Arca Determination, 504.4 Built-up Members. $04.5 Pin-Connected Mem! 504.6 Eyebars. SECTION $05 - DESIGN OF MEMBERS FOR COMPRESSION. -20srnsnsnonnsnesonnsnsnn 505.1 General PrOvISIONS eon 505.2 Slenderness Limitations and Effective Leng ' 505.3 Compressive Strength for Flexural Buckling of Members Without Slender Flements 505.4 Compressive Strength for Torsional and Flexural-Torsional Buckling of Members without Slender Elements 30S.$ Single Angle Compression Members. s 7 i meen 536 305.6 Built-up Members 557 505.7 Members with Slender Elements. 5-59 SECTION 506 - DESIGN OF MEMBERS FOR FLEXURE. 506.1 General Provisions. 5306.2 Doubly Symmetric Compact I-Shaped Members and Channels Bent about their Major Axis 5063 Doubly Symmetric Shaped Members with Comet Webs and Novsotpct or Slender Fangs Bent Major Axis. 506.4. Other I-Shaped Members with Compact or Noncompact Webs Bent about their Major Axis 506.5 Doubly Symmetric and Singly Symmetric I-Shaped Membars with Slender Webs Bent about their Major Axis 306.6 I-Shaped Members and Channels Bent about their anes 506.7 Square and Rectangular HSS and Box-shaped Memt 306.8 Round HSS. 506.9 Tess and Double Angles Loaded in the Plane of Symmetry snare 62 tion of St ral Engineers of the Philippines, Ing. (ASEP) 52 CHAPTERS ~ Struciura 506.10 Single Angles... 5306.11 Rectangular Bars and Rounds 506.12 Uinsymmetrical Shapes, '506.13 Proportions of Beams and Girders SECTION 507 - DESIGN OF MEMBERS FOR SHEAR.. 507.1 General Provisions 5072 Members with Unatiffened oF Stffened Webs... 5073. Tension Field Action 507.4 Single Angles uw 507.3. Rectangular HSS and Box Members 507.6 Round HSS... 5077 Wesk Axis Shear in Singly and Doubly Syrometric Sapa i 507.8 Beams and Girders with Web Openings. SECTION 508 - DESIGN OF MEMBERS FOR COMBINED FORCES AND TORSION... 508.1 Doubly and Singly Syrametcic Menibers Subject to Flexure and Axial Force 308.2 Unsyaimeiric and other Members Subject to Flexure and Axial Force. 508.3 Members under Torsion and Combined Torsion, Flexure, Shear and/or Axil Force SECTION 509 - DESIGN OF COMPOSITE MEMBERS... 09,1 General Provisions... 509.2 Axial Members. 509.3 Flexural Members. 1509.4. Flexural Strength of Concrete-Encased and Filled Members... 509.5 Combined Axial Force and Flexure...n. se 509.6 Special Cases. SECTION $10 - DESIGN OF CONNECTIONS. 510.1 General Provisions . 5102 Welds $10.3 Bolts and Threaded Pans. S104 Affected Elements of Members and Connssting Elements S10. Fillers. 5106 Splices 510.7 Bearing Strength... 510.8 Column Bases and Bearing on Concrete 510.9 Anchor Rods and Embedments 510.10 Flanges and Webs with Concentrated Fores. SECTION 511 - DESIGN OF HSS AND BOX MEMBER CONNECTIONS. S111 Concentrated Forees on HSS. 511.2 HSS-to-HSS Truss Connections... 511.3 HSS-4o-HSS Moment Connections. SECTION $12 - DESIGN FOR SERVICEABILITY.... 512.1 General Provisions: $12.2 Camber: 5123. Defleetions 512.4 Drift . 512.5 Vibration... 512.6 Wind-Induced Motion... $12.7 Expansion aud Contraction. 512.8 Connection Slip. Association of Structural Engineers of the Philippines, Inc. (ASEP) CHAPTERS - Structural Steel 5:3 SECTION 513 - FABRICATION, ERECTION AND QUALITY CONTROL... 5131 Sho and Breton Drawings. $13.2 Fabrication nnn $133 Shop Painting. SIA. Erection nnn S135 Quality Conic APPENDIX A - INELASTIC ANALYSIS AND DESIGN. Ack General Provisions... AL2. Materials. soo A-13 Moment Redistribution AcLA Local Buckling... ACLS. Stability and Second-Order Effects A-L6 Colunins and Other Compression Members A-L.7 Beams and Other Flexural Members, ACLS) Members under Combined Forces. A-L9- Connections APPENDIX A-2 - DESIGN FOR PONDING... A-2.1 Simplified Design for Ponding... ‘422 Improved Design far Ponding APPENDIX A-3 - DESIGN FOR FATIGUE... A331 General Provisions... A-32. Calculation of Maximum Steesses and Stress Range. A-33_ Design Stress Range... js Ac34 Bolts and Threaded Parts... A-3S_ Special Fabrication and Erection Requirements APPENDIX A-4 - STRUCTURAL DESIGN FOR FIRE CONDITIONS -e-ssscnnsnnnins BAL General Provisions... AA2 Structural Design for Fire Con: A-A3_ Design by Quabifeation Testing APPENDIX A-5 - EVALUATION OF EXISTING STRUCTURES... ASL General Provisions. A-5.2. Material Properties... . ‘A-S3. Evaluation by Structural Analysis. AS Evaluation by Load Tess. 5.5 Evaluation Repor.. APPENDIX A-6 - STABILITY BRACING FOR COLUMNS AND BEAMS. A-6.1 General Provisions. 62. Columns. A-63. Beams... APPENDIX A-7 - DIRECT ANALYSIS METHOD .... ACTA General Requirements, A-72 Notional Loads... ? A-73.Design-Analysis Constraints... National Structural Code of the Philippines Volume |, 7th Edon, 2015 PART 2A - SEISMIC PROVISION FOR STRUCTURAL STEEL BUILDINGS. SYMBOLS. PART 2B. SECTION $14 -STRUCTURAL STEEL BUILDING PROVISIONS ... S14. Scope... ‘SECTION 515 - REFERENCED SPECIFICATIONS, CODES, AND STANDARDS... SECTION 16 - GENERAL SEISMIC DESIGN REQUIREMENTS 0s SECTION 517 - LOADS, LOAD COMBINATIONS, AND NOMINAL STRENGTHS. 517.1 Loads and Load Combinations. 517.2 Nominal Strength fi SECTION S18 - STRUCTURAL DESIGN DRAWINGS AND SPECIFICATIONS, SHOP DRAWINGS, AND ERECTION DRAWINGS... . 518.1 Sita Design Drawings and Specifications 5182 Shop Drawings... 5183 Erection Drawings... SECTION 519 - MATERIALS. 519.1 Material Specifications... . 519.2 Material Propenies for Determination of Regued Seng ‘of Members and Connections. 519.3 Heavy Section CVN Requirements.. SECTION 520 - CONNECTIONS, JOINTS, AND FASTENERS 520.1 Scope eu 520.2 Bolted Joints 5203 Welded Joints 5204 Protected Zone... 520.5 Continuity Plates and Stfeners SECTION $21 - MEMBERS... S21 SeOpE renee ssa 521.2 Classification of Sections for Local Buckling 521.3 Column Strengtts " 521.4 Column Splices 521. Column Bases. 521.6 HePiles. SECTION A.- MOMENT FRAME SYSTEMS... SECTION A3 - SPECTAL MOMENT FRAMES (SMP) sn S221 Scope. 522.2 Beam-to-Columa Connections. 522.3 Panel Zone of Bean-to-Coluunn Connections 522.4 Beam and Column Limitations. $22. Continuity Plates 522.6 Column-Beam Moment Ratio 522.7 Lateral racing at Beam-(o-Column Convection 522.8 Lateral Bracing of Beams.. 522.9 Column Splices.. Association of Structural Engineers of the Philippines, inc. (ASEP) 5.5 CHAPTER 6 ~ Structural Stee! 528.9 Protected Zone. seni 1528.10 Demand Critical Weld SECTION B.4- BUCKLING-RESTRAINED BRACED FRAMES (BRBF).... 529.1 Scope. 529.2 Bracing Members: 529.3. Bracing Connections 529.4 Special Requirements 529.5 Beams and Columns. 529.6 Protected Zone, SECTION B.S - SPECIAL PLATE SHEAR WALLS (SPSW).o0, 530.1, Seope. 530.2 Webs. : 5303 Connections of Webs to Boundary Elements. 530.4 Horizontal and Vertical Boundary Elements... SECTION C. - COMPOSITE MOMENT-FRAME SYSTEMS SECTION C.1 - COMPOSITE ORDINARY BRACED FRAMES (C-OBF)ssesnsnnmn SECTION C.2- COMPOSITE SPECIAL CONCENTRICALLY BRACED FRAMES (C-SCBF). SECTION C.3 - COMPOSITE ECCENTRICALLY BRACED FRAMES (C-EBF). SECTION C4 - COMPOSITE ORDINARY SHEAR WALLS (C-OSW) ss SECTION C5 - COMPOSITE SPECIAL SHEAR WALLS (C-SSW). SECTION C.6- COMPOSITE PLATE SHEAR WALLS (C-PSW) os SECTION §31 - QUALITY ASSURANCE PLAN. S311 Scopes B-1. PREQUALIFICATION OF BEAM-COLUMN AND LINK-T0-COLUMN CONNECTIONS BALL So0pe sme i B-L.2 General Requitements.. B-1.3. Testing Requirements. B-L4 Prequalification Variables. B-S Design Procedure ...1. B-1.6 Prequzlification Record, B2, QUALITY ASSURANCE PLAN mn BI B-2.2_Inspeotion and Nondestructive Testing Personnel B-2.3. Contractor Documents... e B-2.4 Quality Assurance Agency Documents B-2.5. Inspection Points and Frequencies B.3. SEISMIC DESIGN COEFFICIENTS AND APPROXIMATE PERIOD PARAMETERS ww B31 Scope. B32 Symbols. B-4, QUALIFYING CYCLIC TESTS OF BEAM-TO-COLUMN AND LINK-TO-COLUMN CONNECTIONS..5-200 BAI Scope... ss 5-200 B42 Symbols “5-200 B-4.3 Definitions. 5-200 B44 Test Subsssemblage Requirements 5-200 B45. Essential Test Variables sr 5.201 B-d.6 Loading History. 5-202 ‘Association of Structural Engineers of the Philippines, Ine, (ASEP) CHAPTERS ~ Structural Steel 527 B-47 Instrumentation B48 Matesials Testing Requirements. B49 Test Reporting Requremens... Be4.10 Acceptance Criteria B-S. QUALIFYING CYCLIC TESTS OF BUCKLING-RESTRAINED BRACES.. B-S.1 Scope. B-5.2 Symbols... B53 Definitions... B-5.4 Subassemblaye Test Specimen B.S.5 Brace Test Specimen. B-5.6 Loading History B.5.7 Instrumentation .. B58 Materials Testing B-5.9 Test Reporting Requirement... B-5.10 Acceptance Criteria. B.6, WELDING PROVISIONS. B41 Scope. B62 Structural Desien Drawings an Spree Shop Drawit and Erection Drawings B63. Personnel... B64 Nondestructive Testing Procodutes. ms. B-6.5 Additional Welding Provisions... B-6.6 Additional Welding Provisions for Demand Critical Welds Only... B-7 WELD METAL/WELDING PROCEDURE SPECIFICATION NOTCH TOUGHNESS VERIFICATION TEST... BTL Seope.... 2 Test Conditions. 3. Test Specimens... BATA Acceptance Criteria, SECTION $32 - SCOPE xn SECTION §33 - REFERENCED SPECIFICATIONS, CODES, AND STANDARDS SECTION §34 - GENERAL SEISMIC DESIGN REQUIREMENTS. SECTION 535 - LOADS, LOAD COMBINATIONS, AND NOMINAL STRENGTHS veonnesoun 535.1 Loads and Lead Combinations, 535.2. Nominal Strength... SECTION 536 - MATERIALS. 536.1. Strvctural Steel 5362. Conerete and Steel Reinforcemet SECTION §37 - COMPOSITE MEMBERS... S371 Scope. 537.2 Composite Floor and Roo! Slabs 537.3 Composite Beams 537.4 Encased Composite Columas 5375 Filled Composite Columns SECTION 538 - COMPOSITE CONNECTIONS sn SIRT SORE. ror 538.2 General Requirements National Structural Code of the Phiippines Volume |, 7th Eidtion, 201 5-8 CHAPTER 5 ~ Structural & 538.3 Nominal Strength of Connections... SECTION. 539- COMPOSITE PARTIALLY RESTRAINED (PR) MOMENT FRAMES (C-PRME).. 539.1 Scope... 539.2 COMMS vrei 539.3 Composite Beams... : $39.4 Moment Connections SECTION $40 - COMPOSITE SPECIAL MOMENT FRAMES (C-SMF). 540.1 Scope. 340.2. Columns 3403 Beams 540.4 Moment Connections 540.5 Column-Beam Moment Ratio. SECTION S41 - COMPOSITE INTERMEDIATE MOMENT FRAMES (C-IMB) «raenncncos S411 Scope. 541.2 Columns. 541.3 Beams. sv S414 Moment Connections SECTION 542 - COMPOSITE ORDINARY MOMENT FRAMES (C-OMF) sewsoosnonsnnnnnnn 542.1 Scope... 542.2 Columns 542.3 Beats. 542.4 Moment Connections. ‘SECTION 543 - COMPOSITE SPECIAL CONCENTRICALLY BRACED FRAMES (con. nares DBE 543.1 543.2 543.3 5434 543.5. Connections _— SECTION 544 - COMPOSITE ORDINARY BRACED FRAMES (C-OBF).. 544.3 Scope... $44.2. Columns $443. Beams... 544.4 Braces... 544.5 Connections, 7 SECTION $45 - COMPOSITE ECCENTRICALLY BRACED FRAMES. a EBP). 545.1 Scope nn. $45.2. Columns... 545.3 545.4 545.5 SECTION $46 - ORDINARY REINFORCED CONCRETE SHEAR WALLS COMPOSITE WITH STRUCTURAL STEEL ELEMENTS (C-ORCW)... 7 S224 546.1 S224 546.2 Boundary Members... 5-224 546.3 Steel Coupling Beams... S225 S464 Encased Composite Coupling Beams S225 Association of Structural Engineers ofthe Philippines, Ine. (ASEP) CHAPTER 5 Structural Stet 5.9 SECTION $47 - SPECIAL REINFORCED CONCRETE SHEAR WALLS COMPOSITE WITH STRUCTURAL STEEL ELEMENTS (C-SRCW).. 547.1 Scope. 5472 Boundary Members... 547.3 Steel Coupling Beams, 547.4 Encased Composite Coupling Beams SECTION 548 - COMPOSITE STEEL PLATE SHEAR WALLS (C-SPW) 548.1 Scope. 548.2 Wall Elements. 548.3 Boundary Members S84 Openings SECTION 549 - STRUCTURAL DESIGN DRAWINGS AND. SPECIFICATIONS, SHOP DRAWINGS, AND ERECTION DRAWING: . SECTION 580 - QUALITY ASSURANCE PLAN... vs PART 3 - DESIGN OF COLD-FORMED STEEL STRUCTURAL MEMBERS. SYMBOLS... SECTION 551 - GENERAL PROVISIONS. S511 Scope, Applicability and Definitions 551.2 Material. 351.3 Loads. 551.4 Allowable Strength Design... 551.5 Load and Resistance Factor Desig... 551.7 Yield Siress and Strength Increase from Cold Work of Forming $81.8. Serviceability won . 551.9 Referenced Documents SECTION $52 - ELEMENTS. 552.1 Dimensional Limits and Considerations 552.2 Effective Widths of Stiffened Elements 552.3 Effective Widths of Unstiffened Elements... 552.4. Effective Width of Uniformly Compressed Elements with a Simple Lip Bdge Stiffener. 522.5 Effective Widths of Stiffened Elements with Single or Multiple Intermediate Stiffeners or Ege Suiffened lements ‘with Intermediate Stiffener(s) : SECTION 553 - MEMBERS. 553.1 Properties of Sections, 553.2. Tension Members. 553.3 Flexural Members $534 Concentriolly Loaded Compression Members 552.5 Combined Axial Load and Bending... SECTION 554 - STRUCTURAL ASSEMBLIESAND SYSTEM! 554.1 Buill-Up Sections. 5542 Mixed Systems. 543 Lateral and Stability Bracing 5844 Cold-Formed Steet Light-Frame Construction... 554.5 Floor, Roof, o Wall Steel Diaphragm Construction... 554.6 Metal Roof and Wall System National Structural Code of the Philppines Volume |, 7th Edion, 2016 540 CHAPTERS - Structural Steel SECTION 585 - CONNECTIONS AND JOINTS. 585.1 General Provisions 555.2. Welded Connections. 555.3 Bolted Connection. 5554 Screw Connections, $55.5 Rupture. =i 4555.8 Connecting to Other Materials SECTION $86 - TESTS FOR SPECIAL CASES $56.1 ‘Tests for Determining Structural Porformanes... 556.2. Tests for Confirming Structural Performance. 556.3. ‘Tests for Determining Mechanical Properties... SECTION $87 - DESIGN OF COLD-FORMED STEEL STRUCTURAL MEMBERS AND CONNECTIONS FOR CYCLIC LOADING (FATIGUE) : erm 308 587.1 General 5-308 3572. Caleulation of Meximuin Siceses and Suess Ranges. 5310 557.3 Design Stress Range.... 310 557A Bolts and Threaded Parts 5-310 ‘557.5. Spocial Fabrication Requirements. S31 SECTION C-1 - DESIGN OF COLD-FORMED STEEL STRUCTURAL MEMBERS USING THE DIRECT 7 S311 STRENGTH METHOD wr orernsnwos x1 Design of Cold-Formed Steel Structural Members Using the Direct Strength Method. SECTION C-2 - SECOND-ORDER ANALYSIS. C21 General Requirements 22. Design and Analysis Constraints SECTION C3 - ADDITIONAL PROVISIONS C31 Scope... C32 Other Steels... €33 Loads. C34 Referenced Documents. C35 Tension Members. C36. Light-Frume Stoel Constructo: C37 Welded Connections...» C38 Bolted Connections C39 Raptte on ‘Association of Structural Engineers of the Phiipines, Inc. (ASEP) "This Chapter includes the following: Part 1 Specification for Steel Members Part 2A, for Structural Stee! Buildings Appendix B Part2B Seismic Provisions for Composite Structural Stee! ‘and Reinforced Concrete Buildings Past’ Specifications for Design of Cold-Formed Stee! Structural Members Appendix © CHAPTER §~ Structural Stee! 6-17 PART 1 i SPECIFICATION FOR STEEL MEMBERS SYMBOLS A = Column cross-sectional area, nm? Total cross-sectional area of member, mm Ag = Loaded area of concrete, mm” Ap = Crose-soctional atea of the base metal, stn ‘Ay = Nominal unthreaded body area of bolt or ‘threaded part, mm’ Ap, ~ Cross-sectional area of the overlapping. ‘branch, mm? Any = Crossssectionsl area of the overlapped ‘branch, mm? A, 7 Area of concrete, mm” A, = Area of concrete slab within effective swith, im? Ay = Atea of an upset rod based on the major ‘thread diameter, mm Ae Effective net area, mm? = Summation of the effective areas of the ross section based on the reduced effective width, by, mm" Area of compression flange, min Gross tension Mange area, mn? Net tension lange area, mm? ‘Area of tension flange, nim? Gross area of member, mm? Gross azca of setion based on design wall thickness, mm? ‘Gross area of composite member, mm? ‘Chord grose area, rama? ‘Gross area subject to shear, mm Net area of member, mi? [Net area subject to tension, mm? [Not area subject to shea, mm* Projected bearing area, mm” Aree of adequately developed longitudinal reinforcing stcel within the effective width ‘of the concrete slab, mm? A, = Areaof steel cross section, ma Ag. = Cross-sectional area of stad shear connector, mm? . Agg = Sheer area on the failure path, mm? Ag = Area of continuous reinforcing bars, a ‘Aj, Stiffener area, mm? Ay = Nettonsile ares, mm? "National Structural Code of the Philippines Volume |, 7h Editon, 2015 52 CHAPT! Web area, the overall dept times the web thiekness, dy, mm” Btfeetive area ofthe weld, mm? Effective area of weld throat of any ith ‘weld clement, mm? Area of steel concenteicslly bearing on & cconerete support, mn? Maximum area’ of the postion of the supporting surfoce that is geometricelly similar fo. and concentric with the loaded tea, mm Overall width of rectangular hollow séruetural sections (FSS) member, measured 90° to the plane of the connection, min Overall width of rectangular HSS main ‘ember, measured 90° t0 the plane of the connection, mum Factor for lateraltorsional. buckling. in tees andl double angles Overall width of rectangular HSS branch member, measured 90° to the plane of the. connection, mm Overall branch width of the overlapping ‘branch, mam Overall branch width of the overtapped branch, rom ‘Width of plate, transverse to the axis of the main member, ram Width of plate, measure 90° to the plane ‘of conneation, tam Factors used in determining My for combined trending and axial forces when firstorder analysis is employed HSS torsional constant Lateral-torsional buckling modification factor for non-uniform moment diagrams ‘when both ends of the unsupported segment are braced. Coefficient relating relative broce ‘and curvature Constant based on stress category, given in Table 5013.1 Coefficient assuming no lateral translation ofthe frame Ponding flexibility coefficient for primary member in a flat roof Coefficient for web sidesway buckling Ponding flexibility coefficient for secondary member in a flat roof Web shear coefficient ‘Warping constant, mm? ‘Nominal dead load Outside diameter of round HSS member, om ness vod Dy Outside diameter, mm Outside diameter of round HSS main member, mn Chord diameter, mm Outside diameter of round HSS branch ‘member, mim Factor used in Fa. $07.33, dependent on the type of transverse stiffeners used in a plate gieder In slip-critical connections, a multiplier that reflects the ratio of the mean installed bolt pretension co the specified minimum bolt prefension Modulus of elasticity of steel 200,000 MPa Modulus of elasticity of concrete Modulus of elasticity of concrete at elevated temperature, MPa Entestivesifness of composite section, N- mm Modulus of elasticity of steel at elevated temperature, MPa Available axial stress at the point of consideration, MPa Nominal strength of the base metal per unit area, MPa Available flexural stress at the point of consideration about the major axis, MPa ‘Available flexural stress. at the point of consideration about the minor axis. MP3 Available stress, MP2 Critical stress, MPa Buckling stress for the section as, determined by analysis, MPa Critical stress about the miner axis, MPa Critical torsional buckling stress, MPa Elastic eitieal buckling stress, MPa Elastic flexural buckling stress about the major axis, MPa Electrode classification number, MPa Elastic flexural buckling stress. about the minor axis, MPa Elastic torsional buckling stress, MPa A caleulated stress used in the caloula ‘of nominal flexural strength, MPa ‘Nominal torsional strength Nominal tensile stress Fy, or shear stress, Fy» from Table $10.3.2, MPa [Nominal tensile stress from Table 5103.2, MPa Nominal tensile siess modified to include the effects of shearing stress, MP3 Nominal shear stress fiom Table 510.3.2, MPa Design stress range, MPa Association of Structural Engineers of the Philippines, Inc. (ASEP) Threshold fatigue stess range, maximum stcess range for indefinite design life feom Table A-3.1, MPa Specified minimum tensile strength of the type of steel being used, MPa Specified minimum tensile strength of sind shear connector, MPa Specified minimum tensile strength of the ‘connected material, MPa Specified minimurn tensile strength of HSS material, MPa Specified minimum tensite strength of the type of steel being used at elevated temperature, MPa Nominal stiengtir of the weld metal per unit area, MPa Nominal stress in any &th weld clement, MPa £ component of stress Fyy, MPa ¥ component of stress Fy, MPa Specified minimum yield stress of the type of steel being used, MPa, As used in this, Specification, “yield stress” denotes either the specified minimum yield point (for those steels that have a yield point) or specified yield strength (for those steels that do not have yield point) Specified minimim yield stress of the compression ‘lange, MPa Specified minimum yield stress of the colurnn web, MPa Specified minimum yield stress of HSS ‘member material, MP2 Specified minimum yield stess of HSS ‘main member material, MPa Specified minimum yield stress of HSS branch member material, MPa Specified minimum yield stress of the overlapping branch material, MPa Specified minimum yield stress of the ‘overlapped branch material, MPa Specitied minimum yield stress of the ‘lange, MPa ‘Specified minimum yield stress of the type ‘of stee! being used ai elevated temperature, MPa Specified minimum yield stress of plate, MPs Specified minimum yield stess of reinforcing bars, MPa Specified minimum yield stress of the stiffener material, MPs Specified minimum yield stress of the web, MPa =H L L L L Shear modulus of elasticity of steel 77,200 MPa Story shear produced by the lateral forces used to compute Ay, N Overall height of rectangular HSS mentber, measured in the plane of the conne: om ‘Overall height of rectangular HSS_main member, measured in the plane of the ‘connection, mm Flexural constant Overall height of rectangular HSS branch ‘member, measured in the plane of the connestion, mm Overall depth ofthe overlapping branch Moment of inenta in the place of bending, Moment of inertia shout the axis of bending, mm* ‘Moment of inetia of the concrete section, mm Moment of inertia of the steel deck supported on secondary members, mm’ Moment of inenia of primary members, Moment of incrtia of secondary members, “Moment of inertia of steel shape, mm* Moment of inertis ofreinforeing bars, mn* ‘Moment of inertia about the principal axes, mom Out-of- plane moment of inertia, mm* Mtuor principal axis moment of inertia, ‘Moment of inertia about y-axis referred to the compression flange, or if reverse curvature bending referred to smaller ‘lange, mm" Torsional constant, mm’ Effective length factor determined in accordance with Section 503 Effective length factor for torsional buckling Bffeetive length factor in the plane of bending, calculated based onthe assumption of no lateral translation set equal {0 1.0 unless analysis indicates that 2 smaller value may be used Effective length factor in the plane of bending, caloutsted based on a sidesway buckling analysis Story height, mm Length of the member, rim Actual length of end-loaded weld, mim Nominal occupancy live load National Structural Code of the Philipines Volume &, 74 Edtion, 2015 5:14 CHAPTER § ~ Structural Steot Laterally unbraced length of a member, rom Span tength, mn Length of member between work points at truss chord centerlincs, mm Length between poins that are either braced against literal displacement of compression flange oF based against twist ‘of the cross section, mm Distance between braces, mn ‘Length of channel shear connector, mam Clear distance, inthe ditestion of the force, ‘between the edge of the hole and the edge of the adjacent hole or edge ofthe material, mm Total effective weld length of groove and fillet welds to rectangular HSS, mm Limiting laterally unbraced length for the limit state of yielding, mm Colurnn spacing indirection of gtder, m Limiting taterally unbraced length for plastic analysis, mm Meximum unbraced length for My (the sequired flexural strength), mm Linmiting laterally unbraced length for the fimit state of inelastic lateral-torsional ‘buckling, mm ‘Column spacing perpendicular to direction of girder, m Distance’ from meximum to ze shear force, mm ‘Absolute value of moment at quarter point fof the unbeaced segment, N-mm Required flexural strength in chord, using [ASD load combinations, Nem ‘Absolute value of moment at centerline of the unbraced segment, Nemm Required bracing moment, N-mm ‘Absolute value of moment at three-quarter point ofthe unbraced segment, N-mm ‘Available flexural strength determined in accordance with Seetion 506, N-nm Available flexurabtorsional strength for strong axis flexure determined in accortanes with Section 506, Nemm Elostic lateraltorsional buckling moment, N-mm First-order moment under LRFD or ASD load combinations caused! by lateral translation of the frame only, Nem ‘Absolute value of maximum moment in the ‘unbraced segment, N-mom ‘Nominal flexural strength, N-mm ‘Association of Structural Engineers of the Philippines, Inc, (ASEP) Firstorder moment using LRFD or ASD load combinations assuming there is no lateral translation ofthe frame, Nemm Plastic bending moment, N-ram Required second-order flexural strength ‘under LRFD or ASD load combinations, Nem Required flexural strength using LRED or ‘ASD foad combinations, N-mm Required flexural srength in chord, N-mm Required in-plane flexural strength in branch, N-mim Required out-of-plane flexural strength in branch, N-mm Required flexural strength in chord using RFD load combinations, N-mm Yield moment about the axis of bending, Nem Smaller moment, calculated from a first- order analysis, atthe ends of that portion of ‘the rember unbraced in the plane of bending under consideration, N-mm Larger moment, calculated from 9 first- ‘order analysis, atthe ends ofthat portion of the member ‘unbraced in the plane of bending under consideration, N-mm Length of bearing (not less than Ke for end ‘beam reactions), mm Bearing length of the load, measured parallel tothe axis of the HSS member, (or measured across the width of the HSS in ‘the case of the loaded cap plates), ram Number of stress range Auetuations in design life Number of bolts carrying the applied tension Additional lateral load ‘Notional lateral load applied at level é, N ‘Number of sip planes Overlap connection coefficient Pitch per thread, mam Required brace strength, N ‘Available axial compressive strength, N Available tensile strength, N ‘Available compressive strength out of the plane of bending, N Elastic eritcal buckling lord for braced and ‘nbraced frame, respectively, N Euler buckling load, evaluated in the plane of bending, N First-order axial force using LRFD or ASD. load combinations as a result of lateral translation of the frame only (tension oF compression), N First-order axial force using LRED or ASD foad combinations, assuming there is: no Jateral transtation of the frame (tension oF compression), N Nominal axial strength, N Nonninal axial compressive _ strength without consideration of length effects, N "Nominal bearing strength of conerete, N Required second-order axial strength using LRFD or ASD Joad combinations, N Required axial compressive strength using LRFD or ASD load combinations, N Required strength, N Requited tensile strength using LRFD or ASD [oad combinations, Required axial stcength in branch, N Required axial strength in chord, N Required axial strength in compression, N Member yield strength, N Full reduction factor for ‘compression elements, Reduction factor for slender stiffened compression elements Chord-siress interaction parameter Nominal strength of one stud connector, N Reduction factor for slender unstiffened compression elements ‘Nominal load due to rainwater exclusive of he ponding contribution, MPa Seismic response modification coefficient Required strength (ASD) Reduction factor for joints using a pair of transverse fillet welds only Coefficient to account for group effect Factor in Fg. 503.2-66 dependent on type of system Cross-section monosymmetry parameter Nominal strength, specified in Section 502 through S11 ‘Nominal slip resistance, N Position effect factor for shear studs slender shear Web plastification factor Reduction factor Jor reinforced oF non- reinforced transverse partial-joint- penetration (PJP) groove welds Web plastfication factor corresponding 10 Ae tension flange yielding limit state Required strength (LRED) Total nominal strength of longitudivally loaded fillet welds, as. determined in accordance with Table $102.5 CHAPTER 8 Stuctural Stel 5.16 Total_nomminal strength of wansversely loaded fillet welds, as determined in accordance with Table $10.2.5 without the ltemate in Section 510.24 (a) Elastic. section modulus of round HSS, mm’ Lowest elastic section modulus relative «9 the axis of bending, mm’ Spacing of secandary members, m Chord elastie section modus, mm? Elastic section modulus to the toe in compression relative to the axis of bending, Etfeetive section modutus about major axis, mm Elastic section modulus refersed to tension and compression flanges, respectively, som? Blastic section modulus taken abou! the principal axes, mim? For channels, taken as the minimom section modulus Nominal forees and deformations due to the design-basis fire defined in Section A~ 424 Tension force due ‘combinations, kN Minimum fastener tension given in ‘Table 5103.1, kN Available torsional strength, Nera ‘Nominal torsional strength, Nem Required torsional steength, N-mm Tension force due to LRED load ‘combinations, kN Shear lag factor Utilization ratio Reduction coefficient, used in calculating block shear rupture strength Stress index ‘Stress index Required shear foree introduced te colunn, N Required shear foree transferred by shear connectors, N “Available shear strength, N ‘Nominal shear strength, N Required shear strength at the location of the stiffener, N Requited shear strength using LRFD or ASD load combinations, N Gravity load ftom the LRED load combination oF 1.6 times the ASD load combination applied at level &,N Hole reduction coeificient, N to ASD load Nationa! Structural Code of the Philppines Volume |, 7th Ealtion, 2015. Firstorder axial force using LRED or ASD. load combinations, assuming there is no lateral translation of the frame (tension or ‘compression), N Nominal axial strength, Nv Nominal axial compressive _ strength without consideration of length effects, N ‘Nominal beating strength of concrete, N Required second-order axial strength using, LRFD or ASD load combinations, N Required axial compressive strength using LRFD or ASD load combinations, N Required strenath, N Required tensile strength using LRFD or ASD load combinations, N Required axial sirength in branch, N Required axial strength in chord, N Required axial siength in cornpression, N Member yield strength, N Full reduction factor for — slender ‘compression elements Reduction factor for slender stiffened ‘compression elements Chord-stress interaction parameter Nominal strength of one stud shear connector, N Reduction factor for slender unstffened compression elements ‘Nominal load due to rainwater exclusive of the ponding contribution, MPa Seismic response modification coefficient Required strength (ASD) Reduction factor for joints using a pair of transverse fillet welds only Coefficient to account for group effect Factor in Eq, 503.2-66 dependent on type of system Cross-section monosymmetry parameter Nominal strength, specified in Section $02 throngh 511 [Nominal slip resistance, N Position effect factor for shear studs Web plastfication factor Reduction factor for reinforced or none reinforced transverse —_partiakjoint- penetration (PIP) groove welds, Web plasttication factor corresponding (© the tension flange yielding limit state Required strength (LRED) Total nominal strength of longitudinally loaded fillet welds, as determined in accordance with Table 510.2.5 on ue ° Sep Sx Sze SeSy ne CHAPTER vuctural ‘Total nominal strength of transversely loaded fillet welds, as determined in accordance with Table 510.2.5 without the alternate in Section $10.24 (a) Elastic section modulus of sound HSS, Lowest elastic section modulus relative to the axis of bending, mm’ Spacing of secondary members, m Chord elastic section modulns, mm? Plastic section modulus to the toe ‘coniprssion relative to the axis of bending, smn Effective, section modulus about major axis, mn" Elastic section modulus referred to tension and, compression flanges, respectively, Elastic section modulus taken about the principal axes, mm’ For channels, taken as. the minimum section modulus Nominal forces and deformations due to the design-basis fie defined in Section A~ 42d ‘Tension fore due to ‘combinations, KN ‘Minimem fastener tension given in Table 5103.1, kN Available torsional strength, N-mm. ‘Norninal torsional strength, Nemn Required torsional strength, N-mm Tension force due to LRFD combinations, KN Shear lag factor Utilization ratio Reduction coefficient, used in calculating block shear rapture strength Stress index Stress index Required shear force introduced to column, N ASD load load Required shear force transferred by shear ‘connectors, N Available shear strength, N [Nominal shear strength, N Required shear strength at the location of te stiffener, N Required shear strength using LRFD or ASD load combinations, N Gravity load from the LRFD_ load combination or 1.6 times the ASD load combination applied at level &, N Hole reduction coefficient, N National Structural Code of the Philippines Volume I, 7h Edition, 2015 eos Dep Pets CHAPTER 5 ~ Structural Stee! Plastic section modulus about the axis of bending, mm" Branch plastic section modulus about the correct axis of bending, mm Plastic section modulus about the principal axes, mm Clear distance between stiffeners, mm. Distance between connectors in 2 built-up ‘member, mim Shortest distance from edge of pin hole to ‘edge of member measured parallel to the direction of force, mm Half the length of the non-welded root face in the direction of the thickness of the tension-louded plate, mm Ratio of two times the web area in ‘compression due to application of major js bending moment alone (0 the area of the compression flange components Outside width of leg in compression, mm Full width of longest angle feg, ram ‘Width of unstiffened compression element; for flanges of E-shaped members and tees, the width B is half the fll-lange width, ys for legs of angles and flanges of ‘hannels and zees, the width B is the full nominal dimension; for plates, the width B is the distance from the free edge to the first row of fasteners or line of welds, or the distance between adjacent lines of fasteners or lines of welds; for rectangular HSS, the width B is the lear distance between the webs less the inside comer radius on each side, mm Width of the angle leg resisting the shear foroe, mn Width of column flange, mm Reduced effective width, mm fective edge distance; the distance from the edge of the hole to the edge of the part measured in the direction normal to the applied force, mm Effective width of the branch face welded to the chord, Effective width of the branch face welded to the overlapped brace Flange width, mm Compression flange wid, mn Width of tension flange, mm Longer leg of angle, mm Shorter leg of angle, min oa BAaaaaaaar of Emnte—he fa Fow.2) fe Stiffener width for one-sided stiffeners, mm ‘Nominal fastener diameter, mm Full nominal depth ofthe section, mm Full nominal depth of tee, som Depth of rectangular ba, nm Diameter, mm. Pin diameter, mm Roller diameter, mm Beam depth, mm Nominal diameter (body or diameter), mm ‘Column depth, mn Eccentricity in a truss connection, positive being away from the branches, min Distance from the edge of stud shank to the steel deck web, measured at mid-height of the deck rib, and in the load bearing direction of the stud (in other words, in the direction of maximum moment for a simply supported beam), mm Required axial stress at the point of consideration using LRFD or ASD load combinations, MPa Required flexural stress at the point of consideration (major axis, minor axis) using LRED or ASD load combinations, MPa Specified minimum compressive strength of concrete, MPa Specified minimum compressive strength of concrete at elevate temperatures, MPa Siress due to D + R (the nominal dead load * the nominal load due to rainwater oF snow exchusive of the ponding. contribution), MPa ‘Required shear strenath per unit area, MPa ‘Transverse centerto-center spacing (gage) between fastener gage Fines, mint Gap between toes of branch members in a gapped K-conncetion, neglecting the ‘welds, mm Clear distane between flanges less the fillet or corner radius for rolied shapes; for built-up sections, the distance between adjacent lines of fasteners or the clear distance between flanges when welds ate used; for tees, the overall depth; for rectangular HSS, the clear distance between the flanges fess the inside corner radius on each side, mm Distanee between centroids of individual components perpendicular to the member axis of buckling, mm shank ‘Association of Structural Engineers of the Philippines, Inc. (ASEP) FF a ov vs x Tete n Tw Twice the distance from the centroid to the following: the inside face of the ‘compression flange less the fillet or corner radius, for rolled shapes; the nearest line of fastenets at the compression Mange o€ the inside faces of the compression flange ‘when welds are used, for built-up sections, mm Distance between flange centroids, mm ‘Twice the distonce from the plastie neutral ais to the nearest line of fasteners at the ‘compression flange or the inside face of the compression flange when welds are used, mm Hole factor Factor defined by Eq. $07.26 for minimum moment of inertia for 9 transverse stiffener Distance from outer face of flange to the sweb toe of fillet, mim Cuiside comer radius of the HSS, which is permitied to be taken as 1.5t if unknown, Coefficient for slender unstiffened eleinents, mm coefficient Web plate buckling coefficient Largest laterlly unbraced length along either flange atthe point of load, mm Length of bearing, mm Length of connection in the direction of loading, eam ‘Number of nodal braced points within the span Threads per men Ratio. of element £ deformation to its deformation at maxinaura stress Projected length of the overlapping branch fon the chord Overlap tength measured slong the connecting face of the chord beneath the two branches Governing radius of gyration, mm Distance fiom instantaneous center of rotation to weld element with minimum Au/r, ratio, mm Minimum radius of gycation of individual ‘component in a built-up member, mm. Radius of gyration of individual component relative 0 it centroidal axis parallel to rember axis of buckling, mm Polar radius of gyration about the shear ‘enter, mm. Radius of gyration of the flange ‘components in flexural compression plus ‘one-third of the web area in compression due 10 application of major axis bending CHAPTERS ~ Structural Steet S47 ‘moment slone Effective radius of gyration used in the determination of Ly for the Iateral- torsional buckling init state for major axis bending of doubly symmetric compact - shaped members and channels, Radius of gyration about geometric axis parallel to eomected leg, mm Radius of gyration about y-axis, mm. Radius of gyration for the minor principal Longitudinal center-co-venter spacing (Piteh) of any two consecutive holes, mm Thiclaess of element, mm. Wall thickness, mm ‘Anale leg thiekness, mm ‘Width of rectangular bar parallel to axis of bending, mm Thickness of connected material, am Thickness of plate, mm Design wall thickness for HSS equal to 0.93 times the nominal wall thickness for RW HSS ond equal to the nominal wall thickness for SAW HSS, enm ‘Total thickness of fillers, mm. Design wall thickness of HSS main ‘member, mm Design wall thickness of HSS branch ‘member, mm “Thickness of the overlapping branch, mm ‘Thickness of the overlapped branch, mm Thickness of the column flange, mim ‘Thickness ofthe loaded ange, mm Flange thickness of channel shear connector, nm ‘Compression flange thickness, mm Thickness of plate, min Thickness of tension loaded plate, mm Thickness of the attached transverse plate, ‘Web stiffener thickness, mm ‘Web thickness of channel shear connector, om [Beam web thickness, mm Web thickness, mm ‘Column web thickness, mm ‘Thickness of element, mm Width of cover plate, mm ‘Weld leg size, mm Subscript relating symbol to major principal axis bending Plate width, mm National Structural Code of the Philippines Volume I, 7th Ealion, 2015, Xoo NSH wR AR Bor Bett Beop Bove Bu 4m Aw ructural Steel Leg size of the seinforcing or contouring fillet, if any, in the direction of the thiekness ofthe tension-loaded plate, min ‘Weight of conerete per unit volume Average width of concrete rib or haunch, Sulseript relating symbol to strong axis Coordinates of the shear center with respeot tothe centroid, mm Connection eccentricity, mm. Suibserpt relating symbol to weak axis Subscript relating symbol to minor principal axis bending Factor used in B equation Separation ratio for built-up compression members Reduction factor given by Eq, 510.2-1 Width ratio; the ratio of branch chord diameter for toond HSS; the ratto of ‘overall branch width to chord width for rectangular HSS Brace stiffness requirement excluding web distortion, Nemmviadian Required brave sifness Effective width ratio; the sum of the ‘perimeters of the two branch members in 2 K-connection divided by eight times the chord width Effective outside punching perimeter ‘Web distortional stiffness, including the effect of web transverse stiffeners, if any, ‘Nemm/radian Section property for unequal leg angles, positive for short legs in compression end negative for long legs in compression Firstorder interstory drift due to the design Toads. men Firstorder interstory drift due to. lateral forees, mm Deformation of welded elements at intermediate stress levels, linearly proportioned to. the critical deformation based on distance from the instantaneous, center of rotation, 4, mim Deformation of weld element at manu siress, mm Deformation of welded element a ultimate sess (fracture), usually in element furthest {rom instantaneous center of totation, maa Chord slendemess ratio; the ratio of one half the diameter to the wall thickness for round HSS; the ratio of one-half the width to wall thickness for rectangular HSS Gap ratio, the ratio of the gap between the branches of a gapped K-connection to the t width of the chord for rectangular HSS {Load length parameter, applicable only to rectangular HSS; the ratio of the length of contact ofthe branch with the chon in the plane ofthe connection tothe chord width Slendemess parameter Limiting slendermess parameter for compact element Limiting slendemess parameter for compact Mange Limiting slendemess parameter for compact web Limiting slenderness parameter for noncompact element Limiting slendcmess parameier for non= compact flange Limiting slendemess parameter for non compact web Mean slip coefficient for class A or B. ‘sutfaces, as applicable, or as established by tests Resistance factor, specified in Section 502 through 511 Resistance factor for bearing on conerete Resistance factor for flexure Resistance factor for compression Resistance factor for axially loaded composite columns Resistance factor for shear on the failure path Resistance factor for torsion Resistance factor fr tension Resistance factor for shear Safety factor Safety factor for beaing on conerete Safety factor for flexure Safety factor for compression Safety factor for axially loaded composite columns Safety ctor for shear onthe future path Safety factor for torsion Safety factor for tension Safety factor for shear Minimum reinforcement ratio for Fongitudial reinforcing clement Angle of loading measured from the welded longitudinal axis, degrees Acute angle between the branch and chord, degrees Strain comesponding (compressive stcagth, fi Parameter for reduced flexural stiffness using the direct analysis method Association of Structural Engineers ofthe Philippines, Inc. (ASEP) DEFINITIONS ACTIVE FIRE PROTECTION is a building material effects or (o notify people to take some action mitigate averse effects ADJUSTED BRACE STRENGTH js the strength of a brace in a buckling-estrained braced frame at deformations corresponding (0 2.0 times the design story rit. ALLOWABLE STRENGTH is the uominal steength divided by tne safety factor, Ry /Q. ALLOWABLE STRESS is the allowable strength divided by the appropriate section properly, such as section modulus or cross-section atea, AMPLIFICATION FACTOR is the multiplier of the results of firstorder analysis to refiect second-order elfects. AMPLIFIED SEISMIC LOAD is the horizontal component of earthquake load E multiplied by %g, where E and the horizontal component of E are specified in the NSCP code. APPLICABLE BUILDING CODE is g Building Code under shichthe-steicture—is_designed (ic NSCP_6! ny) ASD (ALLOWABLE STRENGTH DESIGN) is a ‘method of proportioning structural components such that the allowable strength equals or exceeds the required strength of the component under the action of the ASD. Toad combinations, ASP LOAD COMBINATION refers to load combination in the NSCP code intended for allowable strength design (allowable stress design) AUTHORITY HAVING JURISDICTION (AHL) is the organization, political subdivision, office or individusl charged with the responsibility of administering and cnforeing the provisions of tis standard. AVAILABLE STRENGTH is the design strength or allowable strength, as appropriate AVAILABLE STRESS is the design stress or allowable stress, a appropriate, AVERAGE RIB WIDTH is the average width of the rib ‘of a corrugation in a formed steel deck, CHAPTERS ~ Structural Steel 5.49. BATTEN PLATE is a plate rigidly connected to two parallel components of a built-up colunm ot bean designed to iransinit shear between the components BEAM is a structural member that has the primary function of resisting bending moments, BEAM-COLUMN js a structural member that resists both axial force and bending moment, BEARING is the connection, limit state of whimate shear forces transmitted by the mechanical fastener to the

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