M2

1. Which of the following general external environments is concerned with space

constraints and development of area?
Physical Environment

Diagnostic studies aim to understand existing conditions, enumerate current needs &
challenges, and identify its underlying causes. Match the demography and the things
that might be identified during diagnostic studies
● Women Travel with children or packages
● Low-Income Residents Longer travel distance, travel times, and more
transfers
● People with Reduced Mobility Difficulty navigating the public transport
system without accommodations

Only projects with positive EIRR should be evaluated further

True

Intramodal competition is concerned with the competition between modes of transport

(airplanes vs. trains vs. bus vs. boats vs. jeepneys vs. etc)
False

Which of the following describes a financing mechMust be paid with interest

● Converting future cash flows into money now
● Provides upfront money
● Must be paid with interest

Which of the following internal environments for planning is concerned with the
competency and skills of the existing personnel and hiring of new personnel?
Personnel

Which of the following is not considered as part of the general external environment to
be considered in transport planning? (Multiple answers are possible)
● Intra-modal competition
● Personnel
The table below describes "The Four A's of Framework on Transport Planning
Development", determining which scenarios best corresponds to AFFORDABILITY.
● Household or individual expenditure as a share of income gross domestic
product or minimum wage
● Targeting efficiency of subsidized fares

Which of the following are examples of financial resources?

● Lease and Advertisements

● Toll Fees
● Grants and Subsidies
● Fare Revenues

M3
Match the type of highway/railway and its correct description.
● Light Rail Transit - form of urban rail public transportation that generally
has a lower capacity and lower speed than heavy rail and metro systems
● Commuter Rail - transport service between a city center, and outer
suburbs and commuter towns or other locations that draw large numbers
of commuters
● National Roads, City Roads, and FMR - Based on “system classification”
● 2 Lane, 4 Lane, and Divided Highways - Based on “traffic characteristics”

What is the difference between track gauge and structure gauge?

Track gauge is the distance between the two rails, structure gauge is the minimal
distance between the train and track side equipment

Which of the following is/are the purpose of sleepers?

● It gives firm and even support to the rails
 ● It acts as an elastic medium between the rails and the ballast to absorb the
blows and vibrations caused by moving loads

Which of the following is provided on a soil investigation?

● whether material for embankment construction is available on site or will
have to be transported
● provide measures necessary to ensure the stability of earthwork slopes in
the long term
● locate where ground water levels may cause problems

Which is the correct order (from big to small) for the vehicle gauge, loading gauge and
structure gauge?
structure gauge, vehicle gauge, loading gauge

In the selection of rail gauges, which of the following is/are false?

A. It is advisable to have a standard gauge for mountainous countries

B. The broad gauge track is preferred to the meter gauge or narrow gauge track for
lower speeds

C. If the intensity of traffic on the track is likely to be more, a gauge wider than the
standard gauge is suitable

D. The cost of railway track is directly proportional to the width of its gauge

A&B

Which of the following is/are true in specifying design speeds as part of design controls?

A. The presence of e.g. switches, overpasses or gradients may influence the passenger
comfort negatively

B. When train speed increases, it becomes less difficult to read signals in a safe way

C. The design speed for highways is defined as that speed which is greater than the
speed of 85% of drivers
D. When passing a curve with a velocity higher than allowed results in passenger
discomfort and shifting freight or, even worse, in derailment or vehicle overturning A, C,
and D

Match the component of highway/railway and its correct description.

It is laid along a cut consists of onsite soil, while in the case of an embankment is
composed of soil transported to the site

Subsoil
It is used whenever the subsoil material is not of appropriate quality

Shoulder
It incorporates some raised or vertical elements and may include gutter

Curb
It depends on the width and size of vehicles, travel speed, AADT, and width of
shoulder.

Lane Width

Which of the following is/are advantages of using ballasted track over slab track?
● It has good drainage performance
● It requires a low investment cost.

It is a rapid and rough investigation of the area with a view to determine the technical
feasibility of the proposal as well as the rough cost of one or more alternatives to the
new line

Reconnaissance
During field investigations, which of the following actions are conducted?

● Determination of Road Alignment

● Determination of Proposed Sites for Stream Crossings
● Determination of Existing Utility Services

Which of the following is/are the considerations for selecting the location for a
highway/railway project?

● Industrial and economic development and traffic projections

● Station sites and its importance
● Potentials and prospects
● Population projection and volume of passenger traffic

It is a major factor in determining the physical location, alignment, gradients, sight

distance, cross sections, and other design elements - Topography
A pavement inspection combined with some background history of the pavement
can guide the Pavement Engineer in his evaluation on the remaining life of the
pavement and the original quality of its construction. Which of the following
is/are not checked and investigated during the inspection?

Subgrade Checks
M4
M5
M6
M7 & 8
M9

M10